Brian Schatz
Official portrait, 2013
United States Senator
from Hawaii
Assumed office
December 26, 2012
Serving with Mazie Hirono
Preceded byDaniel Inouye
Chair of the Senate Indian Affairs Committee
Assumed office
February 3, 2021
Preceded byJohn Hoeven
Deputy Secretary of the Senate Democratic Caucus
Assumed office
January 3, 2023
LeaderChuck Schumer
SecretaryTammy Baldwin
Preceded byOffice established
12th Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii
In office
December 6, 2010 – December 26, 2012
GovernorNeil Abercrombie
Preceded byDuke Aiona
Succeeded byShan Tsutsui
Chair of the Hawaii Democratic Party
In office
May 2008 – January 2010
Preceded byJeani Withington
Succeeded byDante Carpenter
Member of the Hawaii House of Representatives
In office
November 3, 1998 – November 7, 2006
Preceded bySam Aiona
Succeeded byDella Au Belatti
Constituency24th district (1998–2002)
25th district (2002–2006)
Personal details
Born
Brian Emanuel Schatz

(1972-10-20) October 20, 1972
Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Other political
affiliations		Green (formerly)
SpouseLinda Kwok Kai Yun
Children2
EducationPomona College (BA)
Signature
WebsiteSenate website

Brian Emanuel Schatz (/ʃɑːts/ SHAHTS; born October 20, 1972) is an American educator and politician serving as the senior United States senator from Hawaii, a seat he has held since 2012. A member of the Democratic Party, Schatz served in the Hawaii House of Representatives from 1998 to 2006, representing the 25th legislative district; as the chairman of the Democratic Party of Hawaii from 2008 to 2010; and as the 12th lieutenant governor of Hawaii from 2010 to 2012.

Schatz also worked as chief executive officer of Helping Hands Hawaii, an Oahu nonprofit social service agency, until he resigned to run for lieutenant governor of Hawaii in the 2010 gubernatorial election as Neil Abercrombie's running mate.[1] He served as lieutenant governor until December 26, 2012, when Abercrombie appointed him to serve the rest of Daniel Inouye's U.S. Senate term after Inouye's death.[2] Schatz was the youngest U.S. senator in the 112th Congress. He won the 2014 special election to complete the remainder of Inouye's Senate term with just under 70% of the vote, was reelected in 2016 with 73.6%, and again in 2022 with 71.2%.

Early life

Brian Schatz was born into a Jewish-American family in Ann Arbor, Michigan, along with an identical twin brother, Steve. He is the son of Barbara Jane (née Binder) and Irwin Jacob Schatz, a cardiologist and native of Saint Boniface, Manitoba.[3][4]

Schatz's father was the first to complain about the ethics of the Tuskegee syphilis experiment, in a 1965 letter. The letter was ignored until the problem finally came to public attention in 1972. Irwin Schatz wrote that he was "astounded" that "physicians allow patients with potentially fatal disease to remain untreated when effective therapy is available." Brian Schatz said that his father didn't talk about the letter, but that it influenced him to pursue the public good.[5][6]

When Schatz and his brother were two years old the family moved to Hawaii,[7] where Schatz graduated from Punahou School.[8][9] Schatz enrolled at Pomona College in Claremont, California; he spent a term studying abroad in Kenya on a program of the School for International Training (SIT).[10][11] As a U.S. senator, Schatz is one of Pomona's highest-profile alumni; Pomona invited him to be the commencement speaker for its Class of 2017.[12] After graduating in 1994 with a B.A. in philosophy, he returned to Hawaii, where he taught at Punahou before taking on other jobs in the nonprofit sector. He was briefly a member of the Green Party.[13]

Early career

Schatz became active in the community as a teenager through his involvement in Youth for Environmental Services. He then served as CEO of Helping Hands Hawaii and director of the Makiki Community Library and of the Center for a Sustainable Future. In March 2010, Schatz stepped down from Helping Hands to run for lieutenant governor.[14] He was a member of the 2007 class of the Pacific Century Fellows.[15]

Hawaii House of Representatives (1998–2006)

In 1998, Schatz challenged the incumbent State Representative of the 24th district of the Hawaii House of Representatives, Republican Sam Aiona, and won, 53%–47%.[16] In the 2000 rematch he was reelected, 57%–43%.[17]

In 2002 he ran in the newly redrawn 25th House district, and defeated Republican Bill Hols, 69%–31%.[18] In 2004 he defeated Republican Tracy Okubo, 64%–36%.[19] The 25th district includes Makiki and Tantalus on Oahu.

Subsequent political career (2006–2010)

2006 congressional election

Schatz ran for Hawaii's 2nd congressional district, vacated by Ed Case, who had decided to run for the U.S. Senate against incumbent Daniel Akaka. The Democratic primary featured 10 candidates, seven of whom served in the Hawaii Legislature. Mazie Hirono, the lieutenant governor, was the only one who had held statewide office and thus enjoyed the most name recognition. She also raised the most money, mostly because of the endorsement of EMILY's List,[20] and lent her own campaign $100,000. She won the primary with 22% of the vote, just 845 votes ahead of State Senator Colleen Hanabusa. Schatz finished sixth with 7% of the vote, behind Hirono and four state senators.[21][22]

Support for Obama

One of the earliest supporters of Barack Obama for president, Schatz founded a group with other Hawaii Democrats in December 2006 to urge Obama to run, saying, "For the last six years we've been governed by fear, fear of terrorists, fear of other countries, even fear of the other party...everyone is governing by fear and Barack Obama changes all of that. He wants to govern the United States by hope."[23] In 2008, Schatz worked as spokesman for Obama's campaign in Hawaii.[24]

State chairman

In April 2008, Schatz began running for the position of chairman of the Democratic Party of Hawaii,[25] and won the job at the state convention the following month. During his tenure, the Democrats increased the number of active party members and delivered Obama's best performance of any state in the country. Hawaii native Obama won the state with 72% of the vote; just 54% of the state voted for Democratic nominee John Kerry in 2004. Schatz stepped down as party chairman on January 9, 2010.[26]

Lieutenant Governor (2010–2012)

2010 election

Schatz, his wife, Linda Kwok Kai Yun Schatz; incoming Hawaii First Lady Nancie Caraway; and Governor-elect Neil Abercrombie on Election Day 2010.

On January 10, 2010, Schatz announced his candidacy for lieutenant governor of Hawaii.[27] His campaign priorities included the creation of clean-energy jobs, public education, and technological improvements in the public sector. He also declared his support for Hawaii House Bill 444,[28] which would have allowed same-sex civil unions in Hawaii but was vetoed by Republican Governor Linda Lingle.[29] A number of Hawaii labor unions endorsed Schatz for lieutenant governor in the Democratic primary, held on September 18, 2010.[30] Schatz won the nomination with 34.8% of the vote, and thus became Neil Abercrombie's running mate in the November general election.

Tenure

On December 6, 2010, Schatz was inaugurated as Hawaii's 11th lieutenant governor alongside Abercrombie, who had defeated Republican incumbent Lieutenant Governor Duke Aiona in the gubernatorial election. Hawaii State Supreme Court Associate Justice James E. Duffy, Jr. administered the oath of office at the Coronation Pavilion on the grounds of ʻIolani Palace.

U.S. Senate (2012–present)

Appointment

Shortly before Senator Daniel Inouye died on December 17, 2012,[31] he dictated a letter to Governor Neil Abercrombie asking that U.S. Representative Colleen Hanabusa be appointed to finish his term.[32][33]

Hawaii law on interim appointments to the U.S. Senate requires the governor to choose from three candidates selected by the party of the previous officeholder. On December 26, 2012, the Hawaii Democratic Party nominated Schatz, Hanabusa, and deputy director of the Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Esther Kia'aina. The same day, Abercrombie appointed Schatz, despite Inouye's request.[34] Later that night, Schatz accompanied President Barack Obama back to Washington, D.C. on Air Force One.[35] On December 27, Schatz was sworn in as a senator by Vice President Joe Biden. He became only the sixth person to represent Hawaii in the U.S. Senate, and only the second who was not Asian American, after Oren E. Long.

Elections

2014

Schatz announced his intention to run for election in the special election to be held in 2014 for the balance of Inouye's ninth term. In April 2013 Hanabusa announced she would challenge Schatz in the primary. The core of the Schatz campaign was climate change and renewable energy.[36] Schatz defeated Hanabusa by 1,782 votes (0.75%)[37] in a primary delayed in two precincts by Hurricane Iselle.[38]

As expected in heavily Democratic Hawaii, Schatz went on to win the general election, defeating Republican Campbell Cavasso with about 70% of the vote.[39]

2016

In 2016, Schatz ran for and easily won his first full six-year Senate term against only nominal opposition.[40]

According to New York magazine, Schatz had a low-profile but highly influential effect on the Democratic primary for the 2020 presidential election by pushing fellow Democrats to commit to progressive positions on issues such as healthcare, climate, college affordability and Social Security.[41]

2022

Schatz announced he intended to run for reelection for a second full term.[42] He was challenged by Republican state representative Bob McDermott.[43] Schatz won overwhelmingly, earning 69.4% of the total vote.[44]

Tenure

During his time in the Senate, Schatz has developed a reputation as a liberal Democrat. He tends to vote with his party on both policy and procedural issues most of the time.[45] GovTrack ranks Schatz as a more moderate member of his caucus.[46] Schatz has been a part of numerous pieces of bipartisan legislation. He has co-sponsored 48 bills that have become law, including the bipartisan Veterans' Compensation Cost-of-Living Adjustment Act of 2021 and the John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act.[47] He has been the primary sponsor for seven bills, including the Native American Veterans' Memorial Amendments Act of 2013 and the NIST Small Business Cybersecurity Act. His primary areas of focus include healthcare, education, government operations, and national security.[46] Schatz was instrumental in increasing the minimum smoking age to 21[48] and securing paid family leave for federal workers.[49] He has also led efforts to expand telehealth services.[42]

Schatz has also brought a large amount of federal funding to Hawaii. He secured reservation funding[50] and transportation funding.[51]

Schatz was participating in the certification of the 2021 United States Electoral College vote count when Trump supporters stormed the United States Capitol. He called the storming "despicable."[52] Schatz called for Trump's removal from office through both the invocation of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the impeachment process.[53] He called Trump a "danger to democracy itself".[54] Schatz twice voted to impeach Trump.

Leadership positions

Committee assignments

Caucus memberships

Political positions

According to New York magazine, Schatz is a progressive but not a "Sanders-style bomb-thrower."[41] He was characterized as a low-profile yet highly influential senator in pushing fellow Democrats to adopt progressive policy positions.[41] The American Conservative Union gave him a 3% lifetime conservative rating in 2013.[61]

Abortion

Schatz is pro-choice. He supports access to legal abortion without restrictions.[62] NARAL Pro-Choice America gave him a 100% rating.[63]

Budget and economy

Schatz supports income tax increases to balance the budget and federal spending to support economic growth.[63]

LGBTQIA+ rights

Schatz supports same-sex marriage.[64] He sponsored legislation in 2015 to allow married gay couples to have equal access to the veterans benefits and Social Security they have earned.[65] Schatz supports LGBTQIA+ rights and same-sex marriage. He received a 100% rating from the Human Rights Campaign.[63] Schatz supports transgender rights.[66]

Drugs

Schatz stopped short of calling for the legalization of marijuana in Hawaii in 2014, and has called for the criminalization of date-rape drugs. In 2016, he advocated for immunity for banks offering services to marijuana businesses.[62]

Economy

To encourage tourism in West Hawaii, Schatz proposed that customs begin in Japan so that planes can arrive in West Hawaii as domestic flights.[67]

Environment

In March 2014, Schatz was a lead organizer of an overnight talkathon devoted to discussing climate change. The gathering of over two dozen Senate Democrats took place on the Senate floor. The League of Conservation Voters supported the talkathon and ran campaign ads on Schatz's behalf.[68] He has received a perfect score from the League of Conservation Voters.[69]

In 2019, Schatz voiced his support for both a Green New Deal and a carbon tax as means to reduce emissions, saying that the two proposals are "perfectly compatible" with each other.[70][71]

Schatz believes that climate change is a threat and has supported clean energy initiatives. In 2013, he wrote an op-ed promoting subsidies for wind turbines. He has advocated for 50% clean and carbon-free electricity by 2030.[62] He opposed the Keystone Pipeline.[63]

Along with Martin Heinrich and Sheldon Whitehouse, Schatz is one of the "Three Climateers" of the Senate, driving and negotiating legislation to address climate change, culminating in the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022.[72]

Foreign policy

Schatz criticized China's island-building activities, saying that "China's outsized claim to the entire South China Sea has no basis in international law."[73]

In October 2017, Schatz condemned the genocide of the Rohingya Muslim minority in Myanmar and called for a stronger response to the crisis.[74]

Schatz spearheaded a nonbinding resolution in July 2018 "warning President Trump not to let the Russian government question diplomats and other officials". The resolution states the United States "should refuse to make available any current or former diplomat, civil servant, political appointee, law enforcement official or member of the Armed Forces of the United States for questioning by the government of Vladimir Putin". It passed 98-0.[75]

Gun law

Schatz supports gun control legislation. He voted for a 2013 bill banning high-capacity magazines of over 10 bullets, and co-sponsored legislation requiring background checks for every firearm sale in 2019.[62] As of 2010, the National Rifle Association had given Schatz a "C" rating for his mixed voting record regarding gun law.[76]

Schatz participated in the Chris Murphy gun control filibuster in 2016.[77] He expressed disappointment when both the Democrat-proposed Feinstein Amendment (making the sale of firearms to individuals on the terrorist watchlist illegal) and the Republican-supported background check changes and gun sale alert system did not pass the Senate. He said:[78]

More than 90% of Americans demand we take action on gun violence, but again Senate Republicans refuse to act. It's unacceptable. Right now, known terrorists are banned from getting on an airplane, but they are still allowed to buy military-style weapons. It is absolutely insane. After one of the most horrific mass shootings in our history, we saw people across the country courageously stand up against gun violence and hatred. When will Republicans in Congress finally do the same?

In response to the 2017 Las Vegas shooting, Schatz said, "We can do more than lower the flag to half-mast. We can take a stand against gun violence by passing common-sense gun safety laws."[79]

Health care

Schatz supports Sen. Bernie Sanders' single-payer proposal, but also introduced his own proposal which would allow states to expand Medicaid into a universal system.[80][81] Schatz supports the Affordable Care Act but supported a religious exemption from its individual mandate.[62]

Housing

In April 2019, Schatz was one of forty-one senators to sign a bipartisan letter to the housing subcommittee praising the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development's Section 4 Capacity Building program as authorizing "HUD to partner with national nonprofit community development organizations to provide education, training, and financial support to local community development corporations (CDCs) across the country" and expressing disappointment that President Trump's budget "has slated this program for elimination after decades of successful economic and community development." The senators wrote of their hope that the subcommittee would support continued funding for Section 4 in Fiscal Year 2020.[82]

In 2021, Schatz and Senator Todd Young co-authored the Yes in My Backyard (YIMBY) Act, which created a federal fund that encourages new home construction and less restrictive local zoning laws.[83] The bill passed as part of the $1.7 trillion spending bill (H.R. 2617) on December 20, 2022.[84]

Privacy rights

In one of his first Senate votes, Schatz voted against the FISA Amendments Act Reauthorization Act of 2012.[85] On April 17, 2013, he voted to expand background checks for gun purchases.[86]

Schatz voted for the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act, a bill many civil liberties groups opposed.[87][88]

Personal life

Schatz is married to Linda Kwok Kai Yun. They have two children.[89]

Schatz has three brothers, including an identical twin brother, Steve. Steve is executive director of Hawaii P-20 Partnerships for Education, an interagency educational partnership at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.[90] He formerly ran the Hawaii Department of Education's Office of Strategic Reform.[91]

Electoral history

2010 Hawaii Lieutenant Governor Democratic primary results[92]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Brian Schatz 83,431 34.8
Democratic Robert Bunda 45,973 19.2
Democratic Norman Sakamoto 44,462 18.5
Democratic Gary Hooser 22,878 9.5
Democratic Lyla Berg 20,161 8.4
Democratic Jon Riki Karamatsu 6,746 2.8
Democratic Steve Hirakami 2,695 1.1
Total votes 226,346 100
Hawaii gubernatorial election, 2010[93]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Neil Abercrombie / Brian Schatz 222,724 57.8%
Republican Duke Aiona / Lynn Finnegan 157,311 40.8%
Free Energy Party Daniel Cunningham / Deborah Spence 1,265 .3%
Non-partisan Tom Pollard / Leonard Kama 1,263 .3%
Turnout 380,035 55.7%
Democratic gain from Republican
2014 U.S. Senate Hawaii Democratic primary results[94]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Brian Schatz (incumbent) 115,445 48.5%
Democratic Colleen Hanabusa 113,663 47.7%
Democratic Brian Evans 4,842 2.0%
Democratic Blank vote 3,842 1.6%
Democratic Over vote 150 0.2%
Total votes 237,942 100.0%
United States Senate special election in Hawaii, 2014[95]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Brian Schatz (incumbent) 246,827 69.78% -5.03%
Republican Campbell Cavasso 98,006 27.70% +6.13%
Libertarian Michael Kokoski 8,941 2.52% +1.72%
Total votes '353,774' '100.0%' N/A
Democratic hold
U.S. Senate Election Hawaii 2016 - Democratic primary election[96][97][98]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Brian Schatz (Incumbent) 162,891 86.17%
Democratic Makani Christensen 11,898 6.29%
Democratic Miles Shiratori 8,620 4.56%
Democratic Arturo Reyes 3,819 2.02%
Democratic Tutz Honeychurch 1,815 0.96%
Total votes 189,043 100.00%
U.S. Senate Election Hawaii 2016[99]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Brian Schatz (Incumbent) 306,604 70.1% N/A
Republican John Carroll 92,653 21.2% N/A
Constitution Joy Allison 9,103 2.1% N/A
Libertarian Michael Kokowski 6,809 1.6% N/A
Independent John Giuffre 1,393 0.3%
Blank votes 20,763 4.7%
Over votes 339 0.0%
Majority 213,951 48.88%
Total votes 437,664 100.0%
Democratic hold Swing
U.S. Senate Election Hawaii 2022[100]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Brian Schatz (Incumbent) 289,585 71.25% –2.41
Republican Bob McDermott 105,704 26.01% +3.76
Libertarian Feena Bonoan 4,870 1.20% –0.63
Green Emma Jane Pohlman 4,102 1.01% N/A
Aloha ʻĀina Dan Decker 2,189 0.54% N/A
Total votes 406,450 100.0%
Democratic hold

References

  1. ↑ DePledge, Derrick (November 2, 2010). "Abercrombie trumps Aiona to become Hawaii's next governor". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
  2. ↑ "Schatz appointed to fill Sen. Inouye's seat". KITV. Archived from the original on May 10, 2013. Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  3. ↑ "Irwin Schatz, M.D." Mayo.edu. Archived from the original on February 21, 2014.
  4. ↑ KITV (December 27, 2012). "Schatz sworn in as Hawaii's 6th U.S. senator". kitv.com. Archived from the original on November 5, 2014. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  5. ↑ "Irwin Schatz, 83, Rare Critic of Tuskegee Syphilis Study, Is Dead". The New York Times. April 19, 2015. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
  6. ↑ Kery Murakami (August 22, 2013). "Hawaii Dr. Irwin Schatz' Stand Against Racism Resonates Decades Later - Civil Beat News". Civil Beat News. Retrieved October 28, 2015.
  7. ↑ Arndt, Danielle (December 27, 2012). "Ann Arbor native Brian Schatz named U.S. senator for Hawaii". AnnArbor.com. Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  8. ↑ "Brian Schatz". Honolulu Civil Beat. Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  9. ↑ "Punahou School: Brian Schatz '90". Punahou.edu. December 6, 2010. Archived from the original on January 1, 2013. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
  10. ↑ "Q&A With Brian Schatz". Honolulu Civil Beat. October 15, 2010.
  11. ↑ "Brian Schatz '94 Appointed to U.S. Senate Representing Hawaii — Pomona College". Pomona.edu. December 26, 2012. Archived from the original on January 24, 2013. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
  12. ↑ "U.S. Senator Brian Schatz '94 to Deliver Keynote Speech at Commencement". Pomona College in Claremont, California - Pomona College. March 6, 2017. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
  13. ↑ Brian Schatz. "I didn't vote in every election when I was young. Also, I was briefly a Green Party member. Since then I've devoted a lot of my professional life to climate action. So let me say this plainly: The most important thing you can do for the climate is vote Tuesday". Twitter.
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  29. ↑ Lingle vetoes civil unions bill, Honolulu Star-Advertiser, July 6, 2010.
  30. ↑ 2010 Elections website of Hawaii Office of Elections. Retrieved July 20, 2010,
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  33. ↑ "Sen. Inouye's letter to Gov. Abercrombie". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
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  37. ↑ "Primary Election, Statewide, Final Summary" (PDF). hawaii.gov. State of Hawaii. Retrieved August 26, 2014.
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  39. ↑ "Hawaii General Election 2014" (PDF). Hawaii Office of Elections. November 4, 2014. Retrieved December 18, 2014.
  40. ↑ Prichard, James (November 8, 2016). "Schatz, Hanabusa, Gabbard handily win their congressional races - Pacific Business News". Pacific Business News.
  41. 1 2 3 Debenedetti, Gabriel (July 19, 2018). "The Progressive Hawaii Senator Reshaping the 2020 Race, Without Even Running". Daily Intelligencer. New York Media LLC. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
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  43. ↑ "Republican state representative announces run against Schatz for US Senate". www.hawaiinewsnow.com. Hawaii News Now. January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 19, 2022.
  44. ↑ "GENERAL ELECTION 2022" (PDF). elections.hawaii.gov. State of Hawaii Office of Elections. November 20, 2022. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
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  47. ↑ "Brian Schatz". www.congress.gov. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
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  49. ↑ "Paid Family Leave Likely For Nearly 20,000 Federal Workers In Hawaii". Honolulu Civil Beat. December 11, 2019. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
  50. ↑ "Hawaii Does Fine Raking In Federal Dollars Without Earmarks". Honolulu Civil Beat. December 4, 2018. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
  51. ↑ "COVID-19 Relief Bill Includes $70 Million For Honolulu Rail". Honolulu Civil Beat. March 1, 2021. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
  52. ↑ "Hawaii leaders condemn anti-democratic action". Maui News. January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
  53. ↑ Grube, Nick (January 7, 2021). "Members Of Hawaii Delegation Call For Immediate Removal Of Trump". Honolulu Civil Beat. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
  54. ↑ "Schatz and Kahele Call for Impeachment and Removal of President Trump | Maui Now". Maui Now. January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
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  62. 1 2 3 4 5 "Brian Schatz on the Issues". www.ontheissues.org. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
  63. 1 2 3 4 "The Voter's Self Defense System". Vote Smart. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
  64. ↑ Reyes, B.J. (August 17, 2013). "Congressional Delegation Pushes for Gay Marriage". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Archived from the original on August 26, 2017. Retrieved August 26, 2017 – via PressReader.
  65. ↑ Dennis, Steven T. (March 27, 2015). "Same-Sex Marriage Benefits Endorsed on Senate Floor (Updated)". Roll Call.
  66. ↑ "U.S. Senators Dianne Feinstein, Brian Schatz, Colleagues Call for Reversal of Previous Administration's Harmful Transgender Prison Policy". Sierra Sun Times. Mariposa, California. October 30, 2021. Retrieved October 30, 2021.
  67. ↑ Miller, Erin (October 12, 2014). "U.S. Senate candidates offer diverse choices". West Hawaii Today. Archived from the original on November 7, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2014.
  68. ↑ O'Keefe, Ed (March 10, 2014). "What the Senate's all-nighter on climate change is really about". Washington Post. Archived from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
  69. ↑ "Brian Schatz on Environment". www.ontheissues.org. Retrieved January 24, 2019.
  70. ↑ "CLIMATE: Carbon tax backers grapple with 'Green New Deal'". www.eenews.net. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  71. ↑ Cohen, Rachel M. (July 3, 2019). "Will Bernie Sanders Stick With a Carbon Tax In His Push For a Green New Deal?". The Intercept. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  72. ↑ "'The Three Climateers' represent a new type of climate hawk on Capitol Hill". The Washington Post.
  73. ↑ "Schatz Statement on South China Sea Ruling". schatz.senate.gov. July 12, 2016. Retrieved September 16, 2020.
  74. ↑ Hussein, Fatima (October 22, 2017). "Sen. Todd Young urges action to end Muslim genocide in Myanmar". IndyStar.
  75. ↑ Carney, Jordain (July 19, 2018). "Senate approves resolution warning Trump not to hand over US officials". The Hill. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  76. ↑ "The Voter's Self Defense System". Vote Smart. Retrieved October 4, 2017.
  77. ↑ Mathis-Lilley, Ben; Hannon, Elliot (June 15, 2016). "Senate Democrats' Surprise Gun-Control Filibuster Ended at 2:11 a.m." Slate. Retrieved October 4, 2017.
  78. ↑ Pignataro, Anthony (June 20, 2016). "Hawaii Senators Mazie Hirono, Brian Schatz react to gun control bill failures - Maui Time". Maui Time. Retrieved October 4, 2017.
  79. ↑ Limon, Alexandria (October 3, 2017). "Democrats criticized for talking gun control so soon after Vegas shooting". WYTV.com. Retrieved October 4, 2017.
  80. ↑ Foran, Clare (October 25, 2017). "Can Democrats Revive the Possibility of a Public Option for Health Care?". The Atlantic. Retrieved June 26, 2018.
  81. ↑ Stein, Jeff; Scott, Dylan (August 23, 2017). "We asked 7 experts about Sen. Brian Schatz's big new Medicaid buy-in plan". Vox. Retrieved June 26, 2018.
  82. ↑ "Wyden, Merkley urge more affordable housing funds". ktvz.com. April 16, 2019. Archived from the original on April 18, 2019. Retrieved April 17, 2019.
  83. ↑ Grabar, Henry (April 3, 2023). "The Democratic Senator Who Says Liberals Have Lost Their Way on Housing". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Retrieved April 4, 2023.
  84. ↑ "Congressional Spending Bill Includes First Ever Federal 'YIMBY' Grant Program". www.planetizen.com. Retrieved April 4, 2023.
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  91. ↑ "Off the News". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. July 23, 2011. Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  92. ↑ "PRIMARY ELECTION 2010 - State of Hawaii - Statewide" (PDF). Honolulu, HI, USA: Office of Elections, State of Hawaii. September 29, 2010. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 15, 2012. Retrieved February 9, 2013.
  93. ↑ "General Election—State of Hawaii—Statewide Final Summary Report" (PDF). Hawaii office of Elections. November 16, 2010. Retrieved December 10, 2010.
  94. ↑ "Primary Election 2014 -State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). Hawaii Office of Elections. Retrieved October 24, 2014.
  95. ↑ "Hawaii General Election 2014" (PDF). Hawaii Office of Elections. November 4, 2014. Retrieved December 18, 2014.
  96. ↑ "Statewide Results" (PDF). Hawaii Office of Elections. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 22, 2016. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
  97. ↑ "Hawaii Senate Races Results". Politico. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
  98. ↑ "Hawaii elections results 2016 primary". Archived from the original on August 28, 2016.
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  100. ↑ "GENERAL ELECTION 2022 - Statewide - November 8, 2022" (PDF). Hawaii Office of Elections. November 9, 2022. Retrieved November 13, 2022.
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