Caffeine synthase
Identifiers
EC no.2.1.1.160
CAS no.155215-94-4
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IntEnzIntEnz view
BRENDABRENDA entry
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGKEGG entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
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Caffeine synthase is a methyltransferase enzyme involved in the caffeine biosynthesis pathway. It is expressed in tea species, coffee species, and cocoa species. The enzyme catalyses the following reactions:[1]

Caffeine synthase is expressed in the Camellia species irrawadiensis, ptilophylla, and sinensis;[2] the Coffea species arabica,[3][4] and canephora;[5] and in Theobroma cacao.[6]

References

  1. Kato M, Mizuno K, Fujimura T, Iwama M, Irie M, Crozier A, Ashihara H (June 1999). "Purification and characterization of caffeine synthase from tea leaves". Plant Physiol. 120 (2): 579–86. doi:10.1104/pp.120.2.579. PMC 59297. PMID 10364410.
  2. Kato M, Mizuno K, Crozier A, Fujimura T, Ashihara H (August 2000). "Caffeine synthase gene from tea leaves" (PDF). Nature. 406 (6799): 956–7. doi:10.1038/35023072. PMID 10984041.
  3. Mizuno K, Okuda A, Kato M, Yoneyama N, Tanaka H, Ashihara H, Fujimura T (January 2003). "Isolation of a new dual-functional caffeine synthase gene encoding an enzyme for the conversion of 7-methylxanthine to caffeine from coffee (Coffea arabica L.)". FEBS Lett. 534 (1–3): 75–81. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03781-X. PMID 12527364.
  4. Uefuji H, Ogita S, Yamaguchi Y, Koizumi N, Sano H (May 2003). "Molecular cloning and functional characterization of three distinct N-methyltransferases involved in the caffeine biosynthetic pathway in coffee plants". Plant Physiol. 132 (1): 372–80. doi:10.1104/pp.102.019679. PMC 166982. PMID 12746542.
  5. McCarthy AA, Biget L, Lin C, Petiard V, Tanksley SD, McCarthy JG (April 2007). "Cloning, expression, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the XMT and DXMT N-methyltransferases from Coffea canephora (robusta)". Acta Crystallographica Section F. 63 (Pt 4): 304–7. doi:10.1107/S1744309107009268. PMC 2330209. PMID 17401201.
  6. Yoneyama N, Morimoto H, Ye CX, Ashihara H, Mizuno K, Kato M (February 2006). "Substrate specificity of N-methyltransferase involved in purine alkaloids synthesis is dependent upon one amino acid residue of the enzyme". Mol. Genet. Genomics. 275 (2): 125–35. doi:10.1007/s00438-005-0070-z. PMID 16333668.
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