Causonis japonica
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Vitales
Family: Vitaceae
Subfamily: Vitoideae
Tribe: Cayratieae
Genus: Causonis
Species:
C. japonica
Binomial name
Causonis japonica
(Thunb.) Raf.
Synonyms
List
    • Cayratia japonica (Thunb.) Gagnep.
    • Cayratia tenuifolia (Wight & Arn.) Gagnep.
    • Cayratia trifolia var. quinquefoliola W.T.Wang
    • Cissus cyanocarpa Miq.
    • Cissus cymosa Steud.
    • Cissus japonica (Thunb.) Willd.
    • Cissus leucocarpa Blume
    • Cissus paniculata B.Heyne
    • Cissus tenuifolia (Wight & Arn.) B.Heyne ex Planch.
    • Cissus truncata M.A.Lawson
    • Cissus vagans Carrière
    • Columella japonica (Thunb.) Merr.
    • Columella japonica Craib
    • Columella tenuifolia Merr.
    • Vitis cymosa Blume
    • Vitis irawadyana Steud.
    • Vitis japonica Thunb.
    • Vitis leucocarpa (Blume) Hayata
    • Vitis paniculata B.Heyne ex Wall.
    • Vitis quinquefolia Noronha
    • Vitis tenuifolia Wight & Arn.
    • Vitis truncata Wall.

Causonis japonica (also known by its synonym Cayratia japonica and common names bushkiller, yabu garashi and Japanese cayratia herb) is the type species of vine plant in its genus and is native to Tropical and Subtropical Asia, Australia and the West Pacific.[1] It is used as a traditional Chinese medicine to relieve swelling and heat, and to enhance diuresis and detoxification.

Description

C. japonica is a perennial herbaceous vine with compound, alternately branching leaves. Tendrils grow opposite each leaf. The leaves have 5 leaflets with dentate margins and a white coloration on the lower surface. The leaflets are arranged in a semi-palmate arrangement with 2 pairs of 2 with 1 singular leaflet with a longer stem in the center. Bushkiller flowers in the late summer with red, white, and yellow flowers developing in umbels and producing grape-like berries with 2-4 seeds.[2] Bushkiller may be confused with Virginia creeper in that they both have leaves with 5 toothed leaflets, but Virginia creeper lacks a petiolule (stem connection a leaflet to the main leaf stem) on any of the leaflets.

As an introduced species

C. japonica has been introduced in tropical areas of the United States including Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and North Carolina.[3] Bushkiller can out compete native plants and stress native trees by blocking sunlight and weighing down trees. Controlling bushkiller is difficult as it can regenerate from any rhizomes that remain in the soil. Using cutting the stems at the ground and applying a systemic herbicide will often kill the plant. Composting bushkiller is not recommended as it may re-sprout from buried stems.[2]

References

  1. ↑ Plants of the World Online: Causonis japonica (Thunb.) Raf. (retrieved 26 December 2021)
  2. 1 2 Koepke-Hill, Armel. "Bushkiller" (PDF). University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
  3. ↑ Matthews, James; Marshall, Gary; Hodges, Michael (2012). "Control of Cayratia japonica, Bushkiller, in an Urban Habitat in Charlotte, NC" (PDF). Wildland Weeds. Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council. pp. 6–8.

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