Charaxes richelmanni
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Subfamily: Charaxinae
Tribe: Charaxini
Genus: Charaxes
Species:
C. richelmanni
Binomial name
Charaxes richelmanni
Synonyms
  • Charaxes fallax Richelmann, 1913
  • Charaxes orientalis Scheven, 1975 (preocc.)

Charaxes richelmanni is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of Congo, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania.[3] The habitat consists of lowland evergreen forests.

Description

Van Someren. 1970 describes and figures (plate 7) C. richelmanni [4]

Subspecies

  • C. r. richelmanni (southern Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo)
  • C. r. scheveni Ackery, 1995.[5](Tanzania)

C. (richelmanni) ducarmei Plantrou, 1982[6] (Democratic Republic of Congo: Kivu) is now considered as bona species.[Stat.Rev.2005][7][8]

Historical attempts to assemble a cluster of presumably related species into a "Charaxes jasius Group" have not been wholly convincing. More recent taxonomic revision,[7] corroborated by phylogenetic research, allow a more rational grouping congruent with cladistic relationships. Within a well-populated clade of 27 related species sharing a common ancestor approximately 16 mya during the Miocene,[8] 26 are now considered together as The jasius Group.[7] One of the two lineages within this clade forms a robust monophyletic group of seven species sharing a common ancestor approximately 2-3 mya, i.e. during the Pliocene,[8] and are considered as the jasius subgroup.[7] The second lineage leads to 19 other species within the Jasius group, which are split into three well-populated subgroups of closely related species.

The jasius Group (26 Species):[7]

Clade 1: jasius subgroup (7 species)

Clade 2: contains the well-populated three additional subgroups (19 species) of the jasius Group: called the brutus, pollux, and eudoxus subgroups.[7]

Further exploration of the phylogenetic relationships amongst existing Charaxes taxa is required to improve clarity.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charaxes richelmanni.
Wikispecies has information related to Charaxes richelmanni.
  1. ↑ Rober, J. 1936. Uber einige afrikanische Charaxes – Arten und andere exotische Falter.Entomologische Rundschau 53: 575-580 p. 578
  2. ↑ Charaxes, Site of Markku Savela
  3. ↑ "Afrotropical Butterflies: File H - Charaxinae - Tribe Charaxini". Archived from the original on 2013-11-09. Retrieved 2012-05-23.
  4. ↑ Van Someren 1970. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VI. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 25:197-250.Full text and plate
  5. ↑ Ackery, 1995 in Ackery, P.R., Smith, C.R., Vane-Wright, R.I., et al. . 1995. Carcasson's African Butterflies: An annotated Catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London: i-xi, 1-803.
  6. ↑ Plantrou, J. 1982. Description de 9 sous-especes du genre Charaxes recemment decouvertes en Afrique (Lep. Nymphalidae). Miscellanea Entomologica 49: 101-115.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Turlin, B. (2005). Bauer & Frankenbach (ed.). Butterflies of the World: Charaxes 1. Vol. 22. Keltern: Goecke & Evers. pp. 2–3. ISBN 3937783156.
  8. 1 2 3 "Out of Africa again: A phylogenetic hypothesis of the genus Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) based on five gene regions" Archived 2019-07-25 at the Wayback Machine. Aduse-Poku, Vingerhoedt, Wahlberg. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (2009) 53;463–478
  • Victor Gurney Logan Van Someren, 1970 Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VI. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)197-250.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.