Charles Howard Shinn
Charles Howard Shinn, horticulturalist and forest ranger
Born(1852-04-29)April 29, 1852
Round Rock, Texas, US
DiedDecember 2, 1924(1924-12-02) (aged 72)
Ukiah, California, US

Charles Howard Shinn (1852–1924) was a horticulturalist, author, inspector of California Experiment Stations, and forest ranger in California.

Early life

He was born in Round Rock, Texas in 1852 to James and Lucy Shinn.[1][2][3][4] The family moved to Alameda County near Vallejo's Mills, California in 1856. Vallejo's Mills became the town of Niles in 1869 (now a District in Fremont). Much of Charles Shinn's childhood was spent at the ranch and nursery of his family in Niles.[5][6] His sister, Milicent Shinn, was an American child psychologist. His first cousin Edmund Clark Sanford was a prominent psychologist.

Education

Shinn attended the state university for two years (now the University of California, Berkeley) and Johns Hopkins University from 1882 to 1884.[3][7] He received a bachelor's degree conferred "extra ordinary."[8] While at Johns Hopkins University, his roommate was Woodrow Wilson.[9]

Career

Charles Shinn was a teacher in four counties in California from 1870 to 1876 [3] and at Washington Corners in 1876.[10] He was also a writer. In 1878, while teaching in Shasta County, he began the study of the mining district codes or laws of the 49ers and after. His most famous book, Mining Camps (1885), was a result of field work there and in the Sierras.[11][12] The emphasis of the German folk moot tradition espoused while he was at Johns Hopkins influenced his often romanticized writings about the early mining camps.[13][14][15] Between 1879 and 1889 he wrote for newspapers and magazines in San Francisco, Baltimore, and New York.[9] In 1879 he worked for the San Francisco Bulletin.[16] From 1878 to 1880 he edited the California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine.[17][18][19] which was published by John H. Carmany. He published the Pacific Rural Handbook in 1879.[20] He was elected to be a director of the State Horticultural Society in 1879.[21] During the late 1880s, he served as managing editor of Overland Monthly while continuing to publish articles on nature, mining, and rustic California.[22] Charles Howard Shinn was inspector of California Experiment Stations from 1890 to 1902[23][24][25] In 1892 he was a Charter member of the Sierra Club.[26] In 1900, he and his wife, Julia, were trustees of the Niles Library.[27] He was head forest ranger the Sierra (North) Forest in 1902 for the Department of the Interior.[28] In 1914 he worked for the San Joaquin Valley Counties Association [29] He retired from his Forest Service position in July 1924.[30]

Marriage

Charles Shinn married Julia Charlotte Tyler on July 31, 1888, at the home of her father, Asher Tyler, in Oakland.[31][32][33][34][35][36] She shared his interests in nature, worked at his side, and became one of the first women employed by the new U. S. Forest Service.[37][38]

Death

Charles Shinn spent the last 22 years of his life in North Fork, California. His home was named the "Peace Cabin".[39][40][41][42][43] He retired as supervising forest ranger a year before he passed.[9][44] He is buried in Ukiah, California.

Memorial

Charles Shinn is remembered in the Sierra Club bulletin[1][45] and in the Journal of Forestry.[28] Coincidentally "Ranger Shinn; The Story of a Man Who Shaped His Life to Get the Greatest Happiness" was published in Sunset Magazine in the month that he died.[46]

Mt. Shinn in the Sierra Nevada is named after Charles Howard Shinn.[47][48] Mt. Shinn is 11,013 feet high, two miles south of the south fork of San Joaquin River, near latitude 37°13' longitude 118° 55'.[49] It can be found on the USGS Topographic map "Ward Mountain Quadrangle" 2018.

Writings

Journal articles

Charles Howard Shinn wrote for the Overland Monthly using a pseudonym, Stoner Brooke.[50]

  • "Notes on the Culture of Greenhouse Plants" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (May 1873)[51]
  • "Novarro", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Dec. 1874)[52]
  • "A Breath of Trees," Alameda County Independent (June 12, 1875)
  • "La Gaviota", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Sep. 1875)[53]
  • "Notes from a Greenhouse - No. 1" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (June 1877)[54]
  • "Notes from a Greenhouse - No. 2" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (August 1877)[55]
  • "Notes from a Greenhouse - No.4" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (Sep. 1877)[56]
  • "Notes from a Greenhouse - No.4" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (Nov. 1877)[56]
  • " The Diospyrus Kaki, or Japanese Persimmon, in California." The Gardener's Monthly (Dec. 1877)[57]
  • "Concerning Shade Trees" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (Dec. 1877)[58]
  • "Beneath Her Window" Atlantic Monthly (Dec. 1877)[59]
  • "Laying Out the Garden" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (January 1878)[60]
  • "Peculiar Drawbacks of California Farming" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (February 1878)[60]
  • "Horticultural Gossip" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (March 1878) [60]
  • "Concerning Our Horticultural Future" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (May 1878)"
  • "The Resources and History of Shasta County. - Part 1" Pacific Rural Press (22 June 1878) [61]
  • "A California Garden" Gardener's Monthly (June 1878)[62]
  • "Garden Notes for July" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (July 1878)[60]
  • "Garden Notes for August" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (August 1878)[60]
  • "The Rhododenron" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (August 1880)[60]
  • "Della" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (October 1880) [63]
  • "Seeds and Seed Planting" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (August 1878)[60]
  • "Flower Voices" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (October 1878)[60]
  • "Her Rose Garden" Pacific Rural Press (30 Nov. 1878)[64] Note that Shinn's Nurseries [65] in Niles were in operation at this time. Also note the following letter to the editor "House-Hunting in Shasta County" about his previous article.
  • "Her Rose Garden. Being a Tale of Two Young Married People, and their Gardening Mishaps; Chapter II" (7 Dec. 1878)[66]
  • "Her Rose Garden. Being a Tale of Two Young Married People, and their Gardening Mishaps; Chapter III" (14 Dec. 1878).[67]
  • "Concerning a Satisfactory Flower Garden" December 1878[60] Note that CHS is editor: "Mr. Shinn is a young man of much literary promise, who has contributed horticultural articles to the Evening Bulletin, Rural Press, our own journal, the Southern California Horticulturist, the Gardener's Monthly, Vick's Monthly, the Rural New Yorker, and The Garden of London. His work has all been of a fresh and yet practical type, and has been widely read and copied."
  • "Her Rose Garden. Being a Tale of Two Young Married People, and their Gardening Mishaps; Chapter IV" (4 Jan. 1879).[68]
  • "Her Rose Garden. Being a Tale of Two Young Married People, and their Gardening Mishaps; Chapter V" (11 Jan. 1879).[69]
  • "The Land of Gladness" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (March 1880)[70]
  • "Remembrances of a Mountain School" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine [71] (April 1880)
  • "On Certain Methods of Pruning Ornamentals" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine [72](May 1880)
  • "The Rhododendron Woods" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine [73](June 1880)
  • "A Summer in the Saddle" The Californian, June 6, 1880[74][75]
  • "Half an Hour with the Poets" California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine [76] (Nov. Dec. 1880)
  • "For the Last Time" [77] California Horticulturalist and Floral Magazine (Nov. Dec. 1880) Notice that this is the last issue and that it would be merged into the Pacific Rural Press. CHS moved to the San Francisco Bulletin.
  • "Oxford University, and the Humanist Movement of 1498" (Mar. 1883)[78]
  • "Guppy's Daughter", Overland Monthly (Aug. 1883)[79]
  • "The Migration Problem", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Sept 1883)[80]
  • "Thomas Lodge and His Friends", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Feb. 1884)[81]
  • "California Mining Camps", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Aug 1884)[82]
  • "A Rhododendron Quest", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (June 1885)[83]
  • "Early Horticulture in California", Overland Monthly (Aug. 1885)[84]
  • "Shasta Lilies", Overland Monthly (Dec 1885)[85]
  • "Spring Flowers of California", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Apr. 1888)[86]
  • "Artesian Belt of the Upper San Joaquin", Overland Monthly (Aug. 1888)[87] with illustrations by Ernest Peixotto
  • "Early Books, Magazines, and Book-Making", Overland Monthly (Oct. 1888)[88]
  • "From Klamath to the Rio Grande", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Dec. 1888)[89]
  • "The California Palestine", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Jan. 1889)[90]
  • "Two Shasta Desperados" (May 1889) p. 459[91] under pseudonym Stoner Brooke.
  • "The Building of Arachne", The Argonaut, 1889[92]
  • "The Forest; Recent California Forest Fires", Garden and Forest, (Oct. 9,1889)[93]
  • "Old Mission San Jose Gardens", Garden and Forest (Sept. 11, 1889)[94]
  • "California Garden Gold", American Gardening (Jan. 1890)[95]
  • "An Early Winter Garden in California", American Gardening (Feb. 1890)[96]
  • "The Olive in California", American Gardening (Apr. 1890)[97]
  • "Spanish Pioneer Houses of California", the Magazine of American History (May 1890)[98]
  • "The Japanese Oranges", American Gardening (Jun. 1890)[99]
  • "The Quicksands of Toro", Belford's Magazine (Jun. 1890-Nov.1890), p. 735-739 [100] According to the Wall Street Journal article by Ben Zimmer May 9/10 2020 "From 'The Three Stooges to Covid-19 Rulebreakers," this article is the first instance of the use of the word "Knucklehead"
  • "Father Agapius Honcharenko" The Christian Union (July 1890)[101]
  • "An Old-Fashioned Countryside", American Gardening (Aug. 1890)[102]
  • "California Truck-Gardening", American Gardening (Oct. 1890)[103]
  • "Notes from a Pacific Peach Orchard", American Gardening (Dec. 1890)[104]
  • "California Rose Cottages", Vick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine (1891)[105] Note that p. 48 has a photograph of the Shinn House.
  • "Social Changes in California" The Popular Science Monthly (April 1891)[106]
  • "The California Lakes", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (July 1891)[107]
  • "Ecce Montezuma" Goldthwaite's Geographical Magazine (November 1, 1891) [108]
  • "Mission Bells" The Overland Monthly (Jan. 1892)[109]
  • "Fig trees at the experiment stations" 1892[110]
  • "Picturesque Plant Life of California" Century Magazine (October 1892)[111]
  • "California Birds; Their Life in Garden and Orchard - The Yellow-Hammers, Half-Tamed Quail, and Saucy Baltimore Orioles - A Blossom Eating Revel" The Evening Post, New York (April 8, 1893)[112]
  • "Irrigation in the Arid States" The Popular Science Monthly (June 1893)[113]
  • "The Fruit Industry in California" The Popular Science Monthly (December 1893)[114]
  • "Agriculture and Horticulture at the Midwinter Fair", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Apr. 1894)[115]
  • "Apples at the Midwinter Fair" Garden and Forest (Apr. 4, 1894)[116]
  • "A California Garden" Garden and Forest (June 6, 1894)[117]
  • "Pacific Coast Seedling Fruits" Garden and Forest (June 20, 1894)[118]
  • "Among the Experiment Stations" The Overland Monthly (August 1894)[119]
  • "California Experiment Centres" Garden and Forest (Nov. 7, 1894)[120]
  • "A Glimpse of a Californian Wild Garden" The Garden: An Illustrated Weekly Journal of Gardening in All Its Branches (April 11, 1896)[121]
  • "Correspondence, Notes from Santa Barbara" Garden and Forest (June 17, 1896)[122]
  • "The Wild Gardens of the Sierra" The Garden, An Illustrated Weekly Journal of Gardening in All Its Branches (Sep. 26, 1896) [123]
  • "Nevada Silver" The Popular Science Monthly (Oct. 1896)[124]
  • "Overland Monthly Reports: California Forests", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (May 1897)[125]
  • "Northern California Gold Fields; Glimpses of Shasta, Trinity, and Siskiyou", Overland monthly and Out West magazine. (Dec. 1897) [126]
  • "Californian Forests", California: early history, commercial position, climate, scenery, forests, general resources (1897-1898)[127]
  • "Forestry Problems of the San Joaquin", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Aug. 1899)[128]
  • "The Old Tioga Road", Overland monthly and Out West magazine (Nov. 1899)[129]
  • "Citrus Fruits—Their History and Literature" (Mar. 1901)[130]
  • "A Wizard of the Garden" (Mar. 1901)[131]
  • "Wizards of the Gardens (Third Paper) Carl Purdy and the Native Bulbs" (May 1901)[132]
  • "A Study of San Luis Obispo County, California", Sunset (Sept. 1901)[133]
  • "Experimental Agriculture in California", Sunset (Nov. 1901)[134]
  • "The Story of a Great California Estate; Rancho del Arroyo Chico, the Home of the late General John Bidwell" (Jan. 1902)[135]
  • "The Alvarado Squatters League" Out West magazine (1907)[136]
  • "National Forest “ Mosaics ” Latest in Photography" [137] Morning Union August 1, 1919
  • "Sierra Gold" Overland Monthly (Apr. 1922)

Articles in The standard cyclopedia of horticulture

  • The fig in California [138] p. 1235-1238
  • John Rock [138] p. 1593
  • James Shinn p.[138] 1596
  • The sequoias [139] p. 3154-3156

Publications of the University of California

  • Verses in College Verses,[140] along with verses from his sisters, Milicent Shinn and Annie Shinn, and his cousin Edmund Clark Sanford
  • Experiments with deciduous fruits at and near the Southern Coast Range sub-station, Paso Robles, from 1889 to 1902[141]
  • The Russian Thistle in California 1895 [142]
  • The Australian Salt-Bushes 1899 [143]
  • Report of the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California, for the Years of 1891–1892,[144] various reports
  • Report of the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California, for the Years of 1892–1893 and some 1894,[145] Viticultural work 1887-1893
  • Report of the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California, for the Years of 1897–1898,[146] various reports
  • Report of the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California, for the Years of 1898–1901,[147] various reports
  • Report of the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California, for the Years of 1901–1903,[148] various reports

Publications of the USDA

  • An Economic Study of Acacias[149] (1913)
  • Let's know some trees[150] (1925)

Books

  • Pacific Rural Handbook[151] (1879)
  • Land Laws of Mining Districts (1884) [152]
  • Mining Camps, a Study in American Frontier Government[153] (1885)
  • Graphic description of Pacific coast outlaws. Thrilling exploits of their arch-enemy Sheriff Harry N. Morse[154] (1887)
  • Cooperation on the Pacific Coast[155] (1888)
  • Pioneer Spanish Families of California[156][157] (1891)
  • The Story of the Mine, as Illustrated by the Great Comstock Lode of Nevada[158] (1896) and review[159]
  • Intensive Horticulture in California[160] (1901) reprint from "The Land of Sunshine" about Luther Burbank and Carl Purdy
  • A Study of San Luis Obispo County, California (1901) Sunset Magazine, September
  • Culture work at the substations, 1899–1901[161] (1902)
  • Chapters in Picturesque California, edited by John Muir, finished in October 1894[162]
    • "The Foothill Region of the Northern Coast-Range: Sonoma, Napa, and Solano Valleys"[163]
    • "The Tule Region"[164]
    • "The Land of the Redwood"[165]

Newspapers

  • Historical Sketches of Southern Alameda County (1991)[166] contains a collection of Shinn's articles from the Oakland Enquirer (8 June - 18 Nov 1889).

Letters

  • Papers of Daniel Coit Gilman.[167] Daniel Coit Gilman was Johns Hopkins University's first president, serving from 1876 to 1902
  • John Muir Papers.[168] Charles Howard Shinn and Milicent Shinn have letters in this collection.

Shinn's Library

  • In 1917, Charles Howard Shinn's library was listed for auction "Catalogue of the Library of Mr. Charles Howard Shinn; The Well Known Writer on California" [169]
    • History of the buried treasure on Cocos Island, and confession of the pirates the night before execution, in Kingston, Jamaica.[170] Signed by C.H. Shinn

Online Books

Biographies and Memorials

  • Forestry Education at the University of California; The first fifty Years,[171] Paul Casamajor
  • Charles Howard Shinn, Sierra Club Bulletin[1][42]
  • "Ranger Shinn; The Story of a Man Who Shaped His Life to Get the Greatest Happiness"; Dec. 1924, Sunset Magazine[9]

Current References

  • Wall Street Journal, May 8, 2020, "‘Knucklehead’: From ‘The Three Stooges’ to COVID-19 Rulebreakers",[172] Ben Zimmer, refers to "Quicksands of Toro" [172]

Shinn Historical Park & Arboretum

Shinn Historical Park & Arboretum is a city park in Fremont, California and is the last 4 acres of Shinn's Nurseries and the Shinn Ranch.[173] Three groups are active in the park. The Friends of Heirloom Flowers is the garden club that, since 1994, has taken care of the gardens around the historic Shinn House built in 1876, the Shinn Bungalow built around 1907, and the Sim Cottage built before 1856. The Mission Peak Heritage Foundation (MPHF) has managed the Shinn House[174] and archive room since 1972. The Chinese Bunkhouse Preservation Project is a subcommittee of the MPHF and was formed to preserve the last remaining building from the Shinn Ranch China Camp. The website Shinn Historical Park & Arboretum links the official websites of the four organizations.[175]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Hutchinson, Wallace; Benedict, M.A. (1925). "Charles Howard Shinn". Sierra Club Bulletin. 12: 163–164.
  2. ↑ Herringshaw, Thomas William (1914). Herringshaw's National Library of American Biography: Contains Thirty-five Thousand Biographies of the Acknowledged Leaders of Life and Thought of the United States; Illustrated with Three Thousand Vignette Portraits. Chicago, Illinois: American Publishers' Association. pp. 194. charles howard shinn biography.
  3. 1 2 3 The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography. J.T. White. 1900. pp. 248. state horticultural society california shinn.
  4. ↑ Shinn, Josiah Hazen (1903). The history of the Shinn family in Europe and America. New York Public Library. [Chicago] Genealogical and Historical Pub. Co. p. 311.
  5. ↑ Colquhoun, Jos Alex (1893). Illustrated album of Alameda County, California; its early history and progress--agriculture, viticulture and horticulture--educational, manufacturing and railroad advantages--Oakland and environs--interior townships--statistics, etc., etc. San Francisco Public Library. Oakland, Calif. : Pacific Press. pp. 36–37, 61.
  6. ↑ "The Land of sunshine: a Southern California magazine. v.14 (1901)". HathiTrust. 1894. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
  7. ↑ Taber, San Francisco (c. 1900). "Photograph of Charles Howard Shinn". Johns Hopkins Libraries.
  8. ↑ Brown, W. Norman (1926). Johns Hopkins half-century directory: 1876-1926. The Johns Hopkins University Sheridan Libraries. Industrial Printing Company.
  9. 1 2 3 4 ""Death Summons Charles Shinn" Madera Tribune — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. 3 December 1924. p. 2. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
  10. ↑ Halley, William (1876). The centennial year book of Alameda County, California :containing a summary of the discovery and settlement of California, a description of the Contra Costa under Spanish, Mexican, and American rule, an account of the organization and settlement of Alameda County ... also, a gazetteer of each township, useful local and general statistical information, appropriate for the present time, to which are added biographical sketches of prominent pioneers and public men /. Oakland, Cal[if.] hdl:2027/uc1.31822042767897.
  11. ↑ Shinn, Charles (1965). Mining Camps, a Study of American Frontier Government (Reprint ed.). New York City: Harpers.
  12. ↑ Shinn, Charles (August 1884). "California Mining Camps". Overland Monthly: 173–175. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
  13. ↑ Shinn, Charles (1884). "Local Government in the Mines". Overland Monthly: 615–619. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
  14. ↑ Shinn, Charles (1884). Land Laws of Mining Districts. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University. pp. 5–9.
  15. ↑ Shinn, Charles (1884). "California's Golden Prime of Forty-Nine". Magazine of American History: 443. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
  16. ↑ "The Land of sunshine : a Southern California magazine. v.14 (1901)". HathiTrust. 1894. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  17. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (1870). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif.: F.A. Miller & Co.
  18. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (1870). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co.
  19. ↑ "California Farmer and Journal of Useful Sciences 19 December 1878 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2022-09-12.
  20. ↑ "Pacific rural handbook : containing a series of brief and practical essays and notes on the culture of trees, vegetables and flowers, adapted to the Pacific ..." HathiTrust. Retrieved 2023-11-26.
  21. ↑ "Pacific Rural Press 8 November 1879 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
  22. ↑ "The Land of sunshine : a Southern California magazine. v.14 (1901)". HathiTrust. 1894. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  23. ↑ American Gardening. 1890.
  24. ↑ "Bulletin - California Agricultural Experiment Station. v. 138-153 (1902-1903)". HathiTrust: 870 no. Retrieved 2020-03-06.
  25. ↑ Brentano, Carroll (Fall 2006). "A Mysterious Planting: the Hilgard Experiment Station" (PDF). pp. 31–41.
  26. ↑ "Sierra Club bulletin. v.1 (1893-1896)". HathiTrust. Retrieved 2023-11-12.
  27. ↑ "Mill Valley Record 13 December 1924 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
  28. 1 2 "Charles Howard Shinn". Journal of Forestry. 23 (2): 106–106a. 1925-02-01. doi:10.1093/jof/23.2.106. ISSN 0022-1201.
  29. ↑ San Joaquin Power Magazine. July 1914. p. 369.
  30. ↑ "Mill Valley Record 5 July 1924 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
  31. ↑ "Pacific Rural Press 11 August 1888 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. p. 117. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
  32. ↑ Daily Alta California 1 August 1888 — California Digital Newspaper Collection.
  33. ↑ Mogge, Marie. "Julia Shinn – Our Sierra Mother" (PDF).
  34. ↑ Sargent, Grace Thompkins; Shinn, Julia Tyler (June 1957). ""Forgotten Mother of the Sierra" California Historical Society quarterly [microform] : California Historical Society : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming". pp. 157–163. Retrieved 2020-08-08 – via Internet Archive.
  35. ↑ Shinn, Julia Tyler; Sargent, Grace Tompkins (September 1959). "Forgotten Mother of the Sierra; Letters of Julia Tyler Shinn". California Historical Society Quarterly: 219–228. Retrieved 2020-08-08 – via Internet Archive.
  36. ↑ "Daily Alta California 3 August 1888 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2022-06-26.
  37. ↑ Mogge, Marie. "Julia Shinn -- Our Sierra Mother" (PDF). USDA Forest Service Documents. USDA Forest Service. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
  38. ↑ Kline, Rachel D. ""We Feminine Foresters": Women, Conservation, and the USDA Forest Service, 1850-1970".
  39. ↑ "'Peace Cabin at North Fork Scene of Many Historic Madera Events; Scenes Changed Through Years At Old Home' Madera Tribune 28 September 1948 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2018-05-19.
  40. ↑ "History Of North Fork". sierranewsonline.com. 2012-04-03. Retrieved 2018-11-01.
  41. ↑ Lubavitch, Chabad. "Historic California Ranch Acquired by Jewish Camp". Chabad Lubavitch World Headquarters. Retrieved 2018-11-01.
  42. 1 2 Region, United States Forest Service California (1923). California District News Letter.
  43. ↑ "Healdsburg Tribune 4 December 1924 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  44. ↑ "Mill Valley Record 13 December 1924 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
  45. ↑ Club, Sierra (1924). Sierra Club Bulletin. Sierra Club.
  46. ↑ Barnes, Will (December 1924). Sunset Magazine: Central Edition. Internet Archive. pp. 32, 60, 62.
  47. ↑ "Place Names of the High Sierra (1926), "S," by Francis P. Farquhar". www.yosemite.ca.us. Retrieved 2018-07-23.
  48. ↑ "Madera Tribune 1 March 1934 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  49. ↑ Board, United States Geographic (1921). Report of the United States Geographic Board. U.S. Government Printing Office.
  50. ↑ Skelley, Grant Teasdale (1968). The Overland Monthly under Millicent Washburn Shinn, 1883-1894: A Study of Regional Publishing (Thesis). OCLC 1106326.
  51. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (May 1873). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco: San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. pp. 141–142.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  52. ↑ Shinn, Charles H. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 13, Issue 6". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  53. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 15, Issue 3". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 260–261. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  54. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (1870). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co.
  55. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (1870). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. pp. 229–230.
  56. 1 2 Bay District Horticultural Society (1870). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. pp. 261–263.
  57. ↑ The Gardeners' monthly and horticulturist. v.19 (1877). Retrieved 2022-05-25 – via HathiTrust.
  58. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (1870). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. pp. 357–359.
  59. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (December 1877). "Beneath Her Window". Atlantic Monthly: 668–669 – via Atlantic Magazine Archive.
  60. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Bay District Horticultural Society (1870). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co.
  61. ↑ "Pacific Rural Press 22 June 1878 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. p. 396. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  62. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. The Gardeners' monthly and horticulturist. v.20 (1878). pp. 166–167. Retrieved 2022-05-25 – via HathiTrust.
  63. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (October 1880). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. pp. 298–301.
  64. ↑ "Pacific Rural Press 30 November 1878 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  65. ↑ Shinn's Nurseries.
  66. ↑ "Pacific Rural Press 7 December 1878 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  67. ↑ "Pacific Rural Press 14 December 1878 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  68. ↑ "Pacific Rural Press 4 January 1879 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  69. ↑ "Pacific Rural Press 11 January 1879 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  70. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (March 1880). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. p. 81.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  71. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (1880). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. pp. 110–114.
  72. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (1880). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. pp. 145–146.
  73. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (1880). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. p. 173.
  74. ↑ "The Californian". 1880–1882: 6 v. ISSN 2157-3808. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  75. ↑ The Monthly Notes of the Library Association of the United Kingdom. Trubner & Company. 1880.
  76. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (1880). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. pp. 339–340.
  77. ↑ Bay District Horticultural Society (1880). The California horticulturist and floral magazine. California State Library. San Francisco, Calif. : F.A. Miller & Co. pp. 347–348.
  78. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 1, Issue 3". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 267–280. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  79. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (August 1883). "Guppy's Daughter". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine.
  80. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 2, Issue 9". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 267–274. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  81. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 3, Issue 2". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 131–146. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  82. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 4, Issue 20". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 173–175. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  83. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 5, Issue 30". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 624–629. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  84. ↑ "The Overland monthly. ser.2:v.6 (Aug. 1885)". HathiTrust. pp. 117–128. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  85. ↑ "The Overland monthly. ser.2:v.6 (1885)". HathiTrust: 638–646. 1883. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  86. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 11, Issue 64". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 418. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  87. ↑ "The Overland monthly. ser. 2, v. 12 (July-Dec. 1888)". HathiTrust: 113–128. 1883. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  88. ↑ "The Overland monthly. ser. 2, v. 12 (July-Dec. 1888)". HathiTrust: 337–352. 1883. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  89. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 12, Issue 72". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 561–575. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  90. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 13, Issue 73". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 13–25. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  91. ↑ Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine. A. Roman 1868-1875. 1889.
  92. ↑ "Charles Howard Shinn (1852-1924). The Building of Arachne. Stedman and Hutchinson, eds. 1891. A Library of American Literature: An Anthology in 11 Volumes". www.bartleby.com. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
  93. ↑ "Notes". Garden and Forest. 2: 504. 1889. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
  94. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1889). "Old Mission San José Gardens". Garden and Forest. 2: 434. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
  95. ↑ "American gardening. v.11 1890". HathiTrust: 24–25. 1892. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  96. ↑ "American gardening. v.11 1890". HathiTrust: 84–85. 1892. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  97. ↑ "American gardening. v.11 1890". HathiTrust: 198–201. 1892. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  98. ↑ "The Magazine of American history. v.23 1890 Jan-Jun". HathiTrust. Retrieved 2018-06-04.
  99. ↑ "American gardening. v.11 1890". HathiTrust. pp. 333–336. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  100. ↑ "Belford's magazine. v.5 June-Nov. 1890". HathiTrust. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
  101. ↑ "The Christian Union; New outlook. v.42 1890:July-Dec." HathiTrust. p. 137. Retrieved 2023-12-22.
  102. ↑ "American gardening. v.11 1890". HathiTrust. pp. 450–452. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  103. ↑ "American gardening. v.11 1890". HathiTrust. pp. 602–604. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  104. ↑ "American gardening. v.11 1890". HathiTrust. pp. 715–716. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  105. ↑ "Vick's illustrated monthly magazine. v. 14 (1891)". Vick's Magazinejan. 1881-Dec. 1887; Nov. 1891-Sept. 1899: 44–50. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  106. ↑ "Social Changes in California". Popular Science Monthly Volume 38 April 1891.
  107. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 18, Issue 103". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 1–19. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  108. ↑ "Goldthwaite's geographical magazine. v.1-2". HathiTrust. pp. 392–297. Retrieved 2023-12-28.
  109. ↑ "The Overland monthly. ser. 2, v. 19 (Jan.-June 1892)". HathiTrust. 1883. pp. 80 v. Retrieved 2018-06-07.
  110. ↑ Hilgard, Eugene W. (1892). Fig Trees at the Experiment Stations; Notes on Persian Palms. Bulletin ;no. 96. Berkeley, Cal. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t4xh2jw9t.
  111. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (October 1892). "Picturesque Plant Life of California". The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine: 834–845 – via Hathitrust.
  112. ↑ "The Evening Post 8 April 1893 — The NYS Historic Newspapers". nyshistoricnewspapers.org. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  113. ↑ "The Popular science monthly. v.43 1893 May-Oct". HathiTrust. 1872. pp. 145–162. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  114. ↑ The Popular science monthly. MBLWHOI Library. [New York, Popular Science Pub. Co., etc.] 1893–1894. pp. 200–217.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  115. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 23, Issue 136". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 393–400. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  116. ↑ Sargent, Charles Sprague (1894). Garden and Forest. Garden and Forest Publishing Company. p. 132.
  117. ↑ Sargent, Charles Sprague (1894). Garden and Forest. Garden and Forest Publishing Company. p. 228.
  118. ↑ Sargent, Charles Sprague (1894). Garden and Forest. Garden and Forest Publishing Company. pp. 241–242.
  119. ↑ The Overland monthly. The Bancroft Library. San Francisco, Cal. : Samuel Carson. 1883–1923. pp. 164.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  120. ↑ Sargent, Charles Sprague (1894). Garden and Forest. Garden and Forest Publishing Company. pp. 442–443.
  121. ↑ The Garden: An Illustrated Weekly Journal of Gardening in All Its Branches. 1896.
  122. ↑ Sargent, Charles Sprague (1896). Garden and Forest. Garden and Forest Publishing Company. p. 248.
  123. ↑ The Garden: An Illustrated Weekly Journal of Gardening in All Its Branches. publisher not identified. 1896.
  124. ↑ "The Popular science monthly. v.49 1896". HathiTrust. 1872. pp. 734–756. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
  125. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 29, Issue 173". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 522–525. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  126. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard. "Overland monthly and Out West magazine. / Volume 30, Issue 180". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine: 506–515. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
  127. ↑ California:early history, commercial position, climate, scenery, forests, general resources ... 1897-98. San Francisco. 1898. hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t8z900v2z.
  128. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (August 1899). "Forestry Problems of the San Joaquin". Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine. 34 (200): 152–154.
  129. ↑ John Davis Batchelder Collection (Library of Congress); Harte, Bret (1883–1919). Overland monthly and Out West magazine. Prelinger Library. San Francisco, A. Roman & company [etc.] 1868-75; San Francisco, Overland publishing company; [etc., etc.] pp. 387–395.
  130. ↑ "Pacific Rural Press 2 March 1901 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
  131. ↑ "The Land of sunshine: a Southern California magazine. v. 14 (1901)". HathiTrust. 1894. pp. 182–189. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
  132. ↑ "The Land of sunshine : a Southern California magazine. v. 14 (1901)". HathiTrust. 1894. pp. 276–288. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
  133. ↑ Sunset. Passenger Department, Southern Pacific Company. 1901. pp. 119–134.
  134. ↑ Sunset. Passenger Department, Southern Pacific Company. November 1901. pp. 15–19. shinn.
  135. ↑ Country Life. Doubleday, Page, & Company. 1902. pp. 81–84.
  136. ↑ Shinn, Charles H. (1894). "Out West magazine v.26 1907". HathiTrust. pp. 23–30. Retrieved 2017-12-26.
  137. ↑ "Morning Union 1 August 1919 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-19.
  138. 1 2 3 Bailey, L. H. (Liberty Hyde) (1914). The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States and Canada for ornament, for fancy, for fruit and for vegetables; with keys to the natural families and genera, descriptions of the horticultural capabilities of the states and provinces and dependent islands, and sketches of eminent horticulturists. University of Michigan. New York, The Macmillan Company; [etc., etc.]
  139. ↑ Bailey, L. H. (1947). The standard cyclopedia of horticulture :a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower ... ([Revised and enlarged ed.). New York.
  140. ↑ Berkeleyan Stock Company; California Publishing Co (1882). College verses. San Francisco, Calif.: The California Pub. Co.
  141. ↑ "Details - Experiments with deciduous fruits at and near the Southern Coast Range sub-station, Paso Robles, from 1889 to 1902 / - Biodiversity Heritage Library". www.biodiversitylibrary.org. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  142. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1895). The Russian thistle in California. Bulletin ;no. 107. Berkeley, Cal. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t1cj9g18h.
  143. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard; Jaffa, Myer E. (Myer Edward) (1899). Australian salt-bushes. Davis Libraries University of California. Berkeley, Cal. : Agricultural Experiment Station.
  144. ↑ Station, California Agricultural Experiment (1893). Report of the College of Agriculture and the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California. University of California.
  145. ↑ Report of the College of Agriculture and the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California. 1894.
  146. ↑ Station, California Agricultural Experiment (1900). Report of the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California….
  147. ↑ Station, California Agricultural Experiment (1902). Report of the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California.
  148. ↑ "Bulletin - California Agricultural Experiment Station. v.138-153 (1902-1903)". HathiTrust. pp. 870 no. Retrieved 2020-03-06.
  149. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1913). An economic study of acacias. The Library of Congress. [Washington, Govt. print. off.]
  150. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1931). "Let's know some trees". Miscellaneous Circular. no.31 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  151. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1879). Pacific rural handbook;containing a series of brief and practical essays and notes on the culture of trees, vegetables and flowers, adapted to the Pacific coast. Also hints on home and farm improvements. San Francisco: Dewey & Co. hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t5v702z73.
  152. ↑ Shinn, Charles (1884). Land Laws of Mining Districts. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University.
  153. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard; Jackson, Joseph Henry (1885). Mining camps : a study in American frontier government. University of California Libraries. New York : Charles Scribner's Son.
  154. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1887). Graphic description of Pacific coast outlaws.Thrilling exploits of their arch-enemy Sheriff Harry N. Morse …. [San Francisco. hdl:2027/inu.30000115345419.
  155. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1888). Coöperation on the Pacific coast. University of California Libraries. Baltimore, Publication agency of the Johns Hopkins university.
  156. ↑ "Pioneer Spanish Families of California". San Diego History Center | San Diego, CA | Our City, Our Story. Retrieved 2022-02-14.
  157. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard; Doyle, John T. (1891). Pioneer Spanish Families in California: With Special Reference to the Vallejos and the Missions of Alta California. Literary Licensing, LLC. ISBN 9781497931596.
  158. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1896). The story of the mine. The Library of Congress. New York, D. Appleton and company.
  159. ↑ "San Francisco Call 22 November 1896 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. p. 21. Retrieved 2022-08-19.
  160. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1901). Intensive horticulture in California[or, A wizard of the garden] …. [Los Angeles. hdl:2027/coo1.ark:/13960/t3126f86r.
  161. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1903). Culture work at the substations, 1899-1901 /. Bulletin ;no. 147. Berkeley, Cal. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t81k0g633.
  162. ↑ Humanities, National Endowment for the (1894-10-07). "The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, October 07, 1894, Image 17". p. 17. ISSN 1946-6145. Retrieved 2022-11-19.
  163. ↑ Muir, John, ed. (1888). Picturesque California :the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific slope : California, Oregon, Nevada, Washington, Alaska, Montana, Idaho, Arizona, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, etc. /. Vol. 10. New York and San Francisco: J. Dewing Publishing Company. pp. 337–352. hdl:2027/iau.31858028832198.
  164. ↑ Muir, John, ed. (1888). Picturesque California :the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific slope : California, Oregon, Nevada, Washington, Alaska, Montana, Idaho, Arizona, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, etc. /. Vol. 8. New York and San Francisco: J. Dewing Publishing Company. pp. 382–384. hdl:2027/iau.31858028832198.
  165. ↑ Muir, John, ed. (1888). Picturesque California :the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific slope : California, Oregon, Nevada, Washington, Alaska, Montana, Idaho, Arizona, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, etc. /. Vol. 10. New York and San Francisco: J. Dewing Publishing Company. pp. 453–464. hdl:2027/iau.31858028830473.
  166. ↑ Shinn, Charles Howard (1991). Historical Sketches of Southern Alameda County. Alameda County Historical Society.
  167. ↑ "Shinn, Charles H." 1842–1907. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  168. ↑ "John Muir Papers | University of the Pacific Research | Scholarly Commons". scholarlycommons.pacific.edu. Retrieved 2018-10-31.
  169. ↑ Galleries (Firm), American Art Association, Anderson (1917). Sale Catalogues: Miscellaneous].{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  170. ↑ Catalog Record: History of the buried treasure on Cocos... | HathiTrust Digital Library. Taylor & Nevin, printers and engravers. 1880. Retrieved 2022-05-22 – via catalog.hathitrust.org.
  171. ↑ Casamajor, Paul. "Forestry Education at the University of California".
  172. 1 2 Zimmer, Ben (2020-05-08). "'Knucklehead': From 'The Three Stooges' to Covid-19 Rulebreakers". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
  173. ↑ "Shinn Historical Park & Arboretum". sites.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-11.
  174. ↑ "Historic Shinn House in Fremont". www.historicshinnhouse.org. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
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