Chichawatni
چیچہ وطنی
City
From top, left to right:
Chichawatni railway station (British-era building), Chichawatni Jungle, Chichawatni railway station (new building)
Chichawatni is located in Pakistan
Chichawatni
Chichawatni
Location of Chichawatni within Pakistan.
Coordinates: 30°19′N 72°25′E / 30.32°N 72.42°E / 30.32; 72.42
Country Pakistan
ProvincePunjab
DistrictSahiwal
TehsilChichawatni
Population
 (2017 Census of Pakistan)[1]
 • Total95,341
Time zoneUTC+5 (PST)
Calling code040
Number of union councils3

Chichawatni (Punjabi: چیچا وطنی, Urdu: چِیچہ وطنى) is a city in the Sahiwal District of the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is the administrative center of Chichawatni Tehsil.[2][3] Situated near the old main road called Grand Trunk Road, it lies approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) from the district capital, Sahiwal. In 2011, Chichawatni's population was estimated at 160,000.

History

From the beginning of the 7th century Rajput Bhatti kingdoms dominated eastern portions of Pakistan and northern India. In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin. In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul and followed it by the conquests of some western Punjab region. Eastern Regions of Punjab from Multan to Rawalpindi in north (Including region of present-day Faisalabad, previously called Lyallpur) remained under Rajput rule until 1193. The Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire later ruled the region.

The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to the missionary Sufi saints work among the people of Punjab. Sufi dargahs (mausoleums) dot the landscape of Punjab region today. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh Empire invaded and occupied Sahiwal District. During the British Raj, Chichawatni was reputedly transformed from a small Punjabi village into a relatively modern city by infrastructure investment and planning decrees, starting after the First World War. At the time of independence of Pakistan in 1947, most Indian Muslim families migrated from Punjab towns like Ludhiana, Jallandhar, Amritsar and Firozpur, and settled in towns like Chichawatni, shaping the city's present-day Muslim population. The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and the Pakistan Movement. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India from the old northwestern Punjab areas, while the Muslim refugees from the northeastern Punjab areas of India migrated to the northwestern Punjab areas including to the Sahiwal District area as one of them, between the newly drawn national boundaries of Pakistan and India by the departing British. In other words, old British Punjab province was divided into 2 new Punjabs – 'Muslim-majority Punjab' and 'Sikh and Hindu majority Punjab' in 1947.[4] Chichawatni is also home to popular wedding halls located on the Grand Trunk Road. Chichawatni is a vast agricultural area producing, Cotton, Corn, Wheat and a vast variety of other fruits and vegetables.

Overview

Chichawatni presently serves as the main city of Sahiwal Division, and is administratively subdivided into three City Union Councils and 34 rural Union Councils. It is also the headquarters of Chichawatni Tehsil. It lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the ancient Upper Indus site of Harappa, a Unesco World Heritage Site, and is consequently a popular stop-over for tourists. It furthermore serves as the educational hub for many local villages, offering several colleges and institutions for higher education. Punjabi is the most-spoken language in Sahiwal, including Chichawatni, although Urdu is also commonly spoken.

Forest division

Forested land near Chichawatni

Chichawatni city is the headquarters of a Pakistani forest division. The local forested area is called Chichawatni Reserved Forest. During the War of Independence of 1857, local people fought against the British in this forest. In Second World War, many foreign prisoners were brought and confined here in this forest. Dating back to 1923, the Chichawatni Plantation covered a total forested area of approximately 3,600 hectares (9,000 acres), constituting the second-largest forest plantation in Pakistan,[5] the largest being the 'Changa Manga Forest'. Two decades later, when these plants became trees, a unique resource was added to the biosphere in the form of honey.[6] The Peregrine Fund, a U.S.-based avian conservation organisation, conducted research in Chichawatni's forests in the early 2000s.[7]

Cattle market

Chichawatni's cattle market, known as Mandi Muwaishiyan, is among the largest in Pakistan. Typically, the market runs from the 21st of each month to the end of the month.

Kabbadi stadium

Kabbadi – a team sport similar to wrestling – is popular in Chichawatni, which is home to one of the few flood-light Kabbadi stadiums in Pakistan. The town has played host to numerous Kabbadi championships.[8]

In 1918, Chichawatni's first railway station was constructed, but its position, in the largely impassable forest to the north of the town, made it difficult to reach, despite the expansion of the station in 1927. In July 2007. A new and more accessible railway station was constructed in Chichawatni.

Government investment

In recent years, the Government of Punjab has invested significantly into education in Chichawatni, leading to a rapid increase in the local literacy rate. In partnership with private interests, local authorities have also invested into ICT education, improving the computer skills of school and college students in Chichawatni. Numerous municipal parks and museums have also been constructed with government aid.[9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Punjab: Major Cities population per 2017 census (Chichawatni population)". Citypopulation.de website. Archived from the original on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  2. ↑ "Tehsils and Unions in the District of Sahiwal (Chichawatni)". National Reconstruction Bureau, Government of Pakistan website. Archived from the original on 9 February 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  3. ↑ Location and map of Chichawatni WorldAtlas.com website, Retrieved 29 May 2023
  4. ↑ Life Magazine historical photoes - Mass migration during independence of India and Pakistan in 1947 Retrieved 29 May 2023
  5. ↑ 'Chichawatni Plantation' article on Government of Punjab, Pakistan website Published in 2014, Retrieved 29 May 2023
  6. ↑ "Deforestation in Chichawatni disrupts honey supply". The Express Tribune. 29 June 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  7. ↑ Asian Vulture Crisis Archives – Summary of Field Study Results from Pakistan for the Breeding Season 2000/2001 Archived December 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Peregrine Fund website, 2 December 2001. Retrieved 29 May 2023
  8. ↑ National Kabaddi Camp for Pakistan lahoreworld.com website, Retrieved 29 May 2023
  9. ↑ Chief Minister opens projects worth billions of rupees The Nation (newspaper), Published 7 May 2015, Retrieved 29 May 2023

30°32′N 72°42′E / 30.533°N 72.700°E / 30.533; 72.700

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