Clostridium phytofermentans
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Bacillota
Class: Clostridia
Order: Eubacteriales
Family: Lachnospiraceae
Genus: Clostridium
Species:
C. phytofermentans
Binomial name
Clostridium phytofermentans
Warnick et al. 2002

Clostridium phytofermentans [1] (also called Lachnoclostridium phytofermentans) is an obligately anaerobic rod-shaped spore-forming, Gram-positive bacterium in the family Lachnospiraceae. It is a model organism of interest for its ability to ferment diverse plant polysaccharides [2] including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin to ethanol, acetate, and hydrogen. The C. phytofermentans 4.8 Mb genome has been fully sequenced,[3] revealing it contains over 170 enzymes in the CAZy database, though one hydrolase appears to be essential for degrading cellulose.[4]

This species is one of the many phylogenetically-problematic members of Clostridium. Yutin and Galperin proposed in 2013 to move it to its own genus Lachnoclostridium under Lachnospiraceae, but the publication was not validated under the Prokaryotic Code.[5] GTDB concurs with the assignment.[6]

References

  1. ↑ Thomas A Warnick, Barbara A Meth, and Susan B Leschine. Clostridium phytofermentans sp. nov., a cellulolytic mesophile from forest soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol July 2002 52:1155-60; doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02125-0.
  2. ↑ Boutard et al. Functional Diversity of Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes Enabling a Bacterium to Ferment Plant Biomass. PLOS Genetics November 2014; doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004773.
  3. ↑ Petit et al. Genome and transcriptome of Clostridium phytofermentans, catalyst for the direct conversion of plant feedstocks to fuels. PLOS One June 2015; doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118285.
  4. ↑ Tolonen, Andrew C.; Chilaka, Amanda C.; Church, George M. (1 December 2009). "Targeted gene inactivation in Clostridium phytofermentans shows that cellulose degradation requires the family 9 hydrolase Cphy3367". Molecular Microbiology. 74 (6): 1300–1313. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06890.x. PMC 2810439. PMID 19775243.
  5. ↑ Yutin, N. "Lachnoclostridium". LPSN.
  6. ↑ "GTDB - GCF_000018685.1". gtdb.ecogenomic.org.


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