Cnut
King of Northumbria
Reignc. 900–905
PredecessorSiefredus
Old NorseKnútr

Cnut (Old Norse: Knútr[nb 1], Latin: Cnvt) was a Norse King of Northumbria. Numismatic evidence suggests he ruled from around 900 until 905, succeeding Siefredus.

Discovery

Silver penny of Cnut of Northumbria

In 1840 a hoard of over 8,000 items (known as the Cuerdale Hoard) was found in Cuerdale, Lancashire, England. Around 3,000 Northumbrian silver coins bearing the inscription CNVT REX (King Cnut) were found as part of this hoard, indicating the existence of a previously unknown Viking King of Northumbria.[2][3] A number of different inscriptions appeared on the reverses of these coins, including the inscription ELFRED REX (King Alfred), indicating Cnut must have been contemporary with Alfred the Great. The name of another previously-unknown king, Siefredus, also appears on coins found in the Cuerdale Hoard. The sequence of coin issues indicates that Cnut ruled after Siefredus, from around 900 until 905. It also suggests Siefredus succeeded Guthfrith and ruled from about 895 until 900. The names of both Cnut and Siefredus appear on some coins, perhaps indicating they were co-rulers for a period of time.[1]

Identity

It is difficult to establish Cnut's identity or identify any biographical details since he is not mentioned in any contemporary source.[1] The historian Alfred Smyth has proposed that Cnut may be identifiable with a Cnut who is mentioned in Norse sagas of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. This Cnut is said to be a Danish king active in Northumbria.[4] It has also been suggested that Cnut may be another name for Guthfrith, ruler of Northumbria from 883 to 895, for whom no coins exist. Another suggestion put forward by Cannon and Hargreaves is that Cnut is identical to Siefredus.[5]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The Old Norse spelling is that used by Downham.[1]

References

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 Downham, p. 79–80
  2. ↑ Ullditz, p. 199–200
  3. ↑ Logan, p. 141
  4. ↑ Smyth, I 47–52
  5. ↑ Cannon and Hargreaves, pp. 64–65

Sources

  • Cannon, John; Hargreaves, Anne (26 March 2009). The Kings and Queens of Britain. Oxford University Press. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-19-158028-4.
  • Downham, Clare (2007). Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland: The Dynasty of Ívarr to A.D. 1014. Edinburgh: Dunedin Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-903765-89-0.
  • Logan, F. Donald (2005). The Vikings in History. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-415-32756-5.
  • Robin, Jim; Smith, Sharon; MacDonald, Fiona; Margeson, Susan M.; Edgeworth, Louise. The Vikings. CUP Archive.
  • Smyth, Alfred P. (1975). Scandinavian York and Dublin: the history and archaeology of two related Viking kingdoms. Templekieran Press. ISBN 9780391010499.
  • Ullditz, Per (19 May 2014). 1016 The Danish Conquest of England. BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN 978-87-7145-720-9.
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