Common Crawl
Type of business501(c)(3) non-profit
HeadquartersSan Francisco, California; Los Angeles, California, United States
Founder(s)Gil Elbaz
Key peoplePeter Norvig, Nova Spivack, Carl Malamud, Kurt Bollacker, Joi Ito
URLcommoncrawl.org

Common Crawl is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization that crawls the web and freely provides its archives and datasets to the public.[1][2] Common Crawl's web archive consists of petabytes of data collected since 2008.[3] It completes crawls generally every month.[4]

Common Crawl was founded by Gil Elbaz.[5] Advisors to the non-profit include Peter Norvig and Joi Ito.[6] The organization's crawlers respect nofollow and robots.txt policies. Open source code for processing Common Crawl's data set is publicly available.

The Common Crawl dataset includes copyrighted work and is distributed from the US under fair use claims. Researchers in other countries have made use of techniques such as shuffling sentences or referencing the common crawl dataset to work around copyright law in other legal jurisdictions.[7]

As of March 2023, in the most recent version of the Common Crawl dataset, 46% of documents had English as their primary language (followed by German, Russian, Japanese, French, Spanish and Chinese, all below 6%).[8]

History

Amazon Web Services began hosting Common Crawl's archive through its Public Data Sets program in 2012.[9]

The organization began releasing metadata files and the text output of the crawlers alongside .arc files in July of that year.[10] Common Crawl's archives had only included .arc files previously.[10]

In December 2012, blekko donated to Common Crawl search engine metadata blekko gathered from crawls it conducted from February to October 2012.[11] The donated data helped Common Crawl "improve its crawl while avoiding spam, porn and the influence of excessive SEO."[11]

In 2013, Common Crawl began using Apache Software Foundation's Nutch webcrawler instead of a custom crawler.[12] Common Crawl switched from using .arc files to .warc files with its November 2013 crawl.[13]

A filtered version of Common Crawl was used to train OpenAI's GPT-3 language model, announced in 2020.[14]

Timeline of Common Crawl data

The following data have been collected from the official Common Crawl Blog.[15]

Crawl dateSize in TiBBillions of pagesComments
June 2023 390 3.1 Crawl conducted from May 27 to June 11, 2023
April 2023 400 3.1 Crawl conducted from March 20 to April 2, 2023
February 2023 400 3.15 Crawl conducted from January 26 to February 9, 2023
December 2022 420 3.35 Crawl conducted from November 26 to December 10, 2022
October 2022 380 3.15 Crawl conducted in September and October 2022
April 2021 320 3.1
November 2018 220 2.6
October 2018 240 3.0
September 2018 220 2.8
August 2018 220 2.65
July 2018 255 3.25
June 2018 235 3.05
May 20182152.75
April 20182303.1
March 20182503.2
February 20182703.4
January 20182703.4
December 20172402.9
November 20172603.2
October 20173003.65
September 20172503.01
August 20172803.28
July 20172402.89
June 20172603.16
May 20172502.96
April 20172502.94
March 20172503.07
February 20172503.08
January 20172503.14
December 2016—2.85
October 2016—3.25
September 2016—1.72
August 2016—1.61
July 2016—1.73
June 2016—1.23
May 2016—1.46
April 2016—1.33
February 2016—1.73
November 20151511.82
September 20151061.32
August 20151491.84
July 20151451.81
June 20151311.67
May 20151592.05
April 20151682.11
March 20151241.64
February 20151451.9
January 20151391.82
December 20141602.08
November 20141351.95
October 20142543.7
September 20142202.8
August 20142002.8
July 20142663.6
April 20141832.6
March 20142232.8First Nutch crawl
January 20141482.3Crawls performed monthly
November 20131022Data in Warc file format
July 2012——Data in Arc file format
January 2012——Public Data Set of Amazon Web Services
November 2011405First availability on Amazon

Norvig Web Data Science Award

In corroboration with SURFsara, Common Crawl sponsors the Norvig Web Data Science Award, a competition open to students and researchers in Benelux.[16][17] The award is named for Peter Norvig who also chairs the judging committee for the award.[16]

Google Colossal Clean Crawled Corpus

Google's version of the Common Crawl is called the Colossal Clean Crawled Corpus, or C4 for short.[18][19]

References

  1. ↑ Rosanna Xia (February 5, 2012). "Tech entrepreneur Gil Elbaz made it big in L.A." Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  2. ↑ "Gil Elbaz and Common Crawl". NBC News. April 4, 2013. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  3. ↑ "So you're ready to get started". Common Crawl. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  4. ↑ Lisa Green (January 8, 2014). "Winter 2013 Crawl Data Now Available". Retrieved June 2, 2018.
  5. ↑ "Startups - Gil Elbaz and Nova Spivack of Common Crawl - TWiST #222". This Week In Startups. January 10, 2012.
  6. ↑ Tom Simonite (January 23, 2013). "A Free Database of the Entire Web May Spawn the Next Google". MIT Technology Review. Archived from the original on June 26, 2014. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  7. ↑ Schäfer, Roland (May 2016). "CommonCOW: Massively Huge Web Corpora from CommonCrawl Data and a Method to Distribute them Freely under Restrictive EU Copyright Laws". Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'16). Portorož, Slovenia: European Language Resources Association (ELRA): 4501.
  8. ↑ "Statistics of Common Crawl Monthly Archives by commoncrawl". commoncrawl.github.io. Retrieved 2023-04-02.
  9. ↑ Jennifer Zaino (March 13, 2012). "Common Crawl To Add New Data In Amazon Web Services Bucket". Semantic Web. Archived from the original on July 1, 2014. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  10. 1 2 Jennifer Zaino (July 16, 2012). "Common Crawl Corpus Update Makes Web Crawl Data More Efficient, Approachable For Users To Explore". Semantic Web. Archived from the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  11. 1 2 Jennifer Zaino (December 18, 2012). "Blekko Data Donation Is A Big Benefit To Common Crawl". Semantic Web. Archived from the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  12. ↑ Jordan Mendelson (February 20, 2014). "Common Crawl's Move to Nutch". Common Crawl. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  13. ↑ Jordan Mendelson (November 27, 2013). "New Crawl Data Available!". Common Crawl. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  14. ↑ Brown, Tom; Mann, Benjamin; Ryder, Nick; Subbiah, Melanie; Kaplan, Jared; Dhariwal, Prafulla; Neelakantan, Arvind; Shyam, Pranav; Sastry, Girish; Askell, Amanda; Agarwal, Sandhini (2020-06-01). "Language Models are Few-Shot Learners". p. 14. arXiv:2005.14165 [cs.CL]. the majority of our data is derived from raw Common Crawl with only quality-based filtering.
  15. ↑ "Blog – Common Crawl".
  16. 1 2 Lisa Green (November 15, 2012). "The Norvig Web Data Science Award". Common Crawl. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  17. ↑ "Norvig Web Data Science Award 2014". Dutch Techcentre for Life Sciences. Archived from the original on August 15, 2014. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  18. ↑ "Google achieves state-of-the-art NLP performance with an enormous language model and data set". VentureBeat. 2019-10-24. Retrieved 2023-04-21.
  19. ↑ Hern, Alex; editor, Alex Hern UK technology (2023-04-20). "Fresh concerns raised over sources of training material for AI systems". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-04-21. {{cite news}}: |last2= has generic name (help)
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