Dârjiu
Székelyderzs
Commune
13th Century UNESCO World Heritage fortified Unitarian Church, and some geese
13th Century UNESCO World Heritage fortified Unitarian Church, and some geese
Location in Harghita County
Location in Harghita County
Dârjiu is located in Romania
Dârjiu
Dârjiu
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 46°12′N 25°12′E / 46.200°N 25.200°E / 46.200; 25.200
CountryRomania
CountyHarghita
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Adrián István[1] (UDMR)
Area
41.96 km2 (16.20 sq mi)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[2]
851
 • Density20/km2 (53/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Vehicle reg.HR
Websiteszekelyderzs.com

Dârjiu (Hungarian: Székelyderzs, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈseːkɛjdɛrʒ]) is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania.[3] The commune is composed of two villages, Dârjiu (Székelyderzs) and Mujna (Székelymuzsna), both of which are on the route of the Via Transilvanica long-distance trail.[4]

Name

The Hungarian name Székelyderzs was first mentioned as "De ers" in a papal list of tithes taken in 1334. In 1525, it was recorded as Ders, while in 1760, it was already mentioned by its modern Hungarian name of Székely Derzs. The name Derzs is thought to be from the Old Bulgar.[5]

Demographics

At the 2011 census, the commune had a population of 1,036; out of them, 92% were Hungarian, 6% were Roma and 1.4% were Romanian.[6] 61% of the commune population are Unitarian, 20% are Reformed and 7% are Roman Catholic.[7]

History

The Unitarian Church

The village is home to the Dârjiu fortified church, a 13th-century fortified Unitarian Church, which is on UNESCO's World Heritage List.

Unitariansm was an official religion in Transylvania from the 1583 Medgyes parliament. The first bishop was Ferenc Dávid, a local Hungarian-speaking Saxon. The first appointed ruler of Transylvania was the Unitarian John II Sigismund Zápolya,[8] son of the Hungarian king John Zápolya (1526-1541).

The villages were historically part of the Székely Land region of Transylvania province. They belonged to Udvarhelyszék district until the administrative reform of Transylvania in 1876, when they fell within the Udvarhely County in the Kingdom of Hungary. After the Treaty of Trianon of 1920, they became part of Romania and fell within Odorhei County during the interwar period. In 1940, the second Vienna Award granted the Northern Transylvania to Hungary and the villages were held by Hungary until 1944. After Soviet occupation, the Romanian administration returned and the commune became officially part of Romania in 1947. Between 1952 and 1960, the commune fell within the Magyar Autonomous Region, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region. In 1968, the province was abolished, and since then, the commune has been part of Harghita County.

Heartland of Unitarianism

Between 80,000 and 100,000 Unitarians live in the geographical region of Transylvania, mostly between Sighişoara and Odorheiu Secuiesc, more or less around Dârjiu. Further east, Hungarians are Roman Catholics with Calvinist enclaves e.g. in the former Háromszék County while the former Csík County is solidly Roman Catholic.

The murals of the Unitarian church show the legend of Ladislaus I of Hungary. When the Cumans broke into Kingdom of Hungary, Ladislaus, still a Duke, along with his cousin (King Salamon I) rode against them and freed a girl believed to be daughter of an aristocrat from a Cuman. Unhappily enough, the girl did not support this act of the future Saint.

Further murals in the region are to be found at Unitarian churches in Mugeni, Crăciunel (Karácsonyfalva) and smaller ones in Rugăneşti (Rugonfalva) and Cristuru Secuiesc (Székelykeresztúr). Saxon murals are most significant in Mălâncrav (Szászszentlászló).

Twinning

Hungary Darány, Hungary

The local Unitarian community has relationship with the Unitarian Universalist Church in Cherry Hill, New Jersey, USA.


See also

Old Transylvanian churches with murals

References

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Dârjiu.
  1. ↑ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
  2. ↑ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  3. ↑ "Darjiu Fortified Church - Castles and Fortresses in Transylvania, Romania. Romania UNESCO World Heritage Sites". romaniatourism.com. Retrieved 2019-06-17.
  4. ↑ "Terra Siculorum | Via Transilvanica". www.viatransilvanica.com (in Romanian). Retrieved 2023-08-14.
  5. ↑ János András Vistai. "Tekintő – Erdélyi Helynévkönyv". {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)Transylvanian Toponym Book Archived 2011-07-10 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ↑ Tab8. Populaţia stabilă după etnie – judeţe, municipii, oraşe, comune, 2011 census results, Institutul Național de Statistică, accessed 20 February 2020.
  7. ↑ Tab13. Populaţia stabilă după religie – judeţe, municipii, oraşe, comune, 2011 census results, Institutul Național de Statistică, accessed 20 February 2020.
  8. ↑ Queen Isabella and King John Archived 2012-09-09 at archive.today
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