Demographics of Venezuela
Population pyramid of Venezuela in 2020
Population29,789,730 (2022 est.)
Growth rate2.43% (2022 est.)
Birth rate15.6 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate8.1 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy73.29 years
 • male70.12 years
 • female76.62 years
Fertility rate2.22 children
Infant mortality rate17.72 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate13.88 migrant(s)/1,000 population
Age structure
0–14 years25.73%
15–64 years67.00%
65 and over7.27%
Sex ratio
Total0.99 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth1.05 male(s)/female
Nationality
NationalityVenezuelan
Language
OfficialSpanish

Venezuela is a country in South America. The Venezuelan people comprise a combination of heritages, primarily Native American and European. The historically present Native American, Spanish colonists, and African slaves have all contributed to varying degrees. Later, waves of European groups (Italians, Spanish, Portuguese and Germans) migrated to Venezuela in the 20th century, influencing many aspects of Venezuelan life, including its culture, language, food, and music though small in number.

About 25% of the population is mestizo (mixed white and indigenous); Europeans and Arabs (whites) make up 25% of the population, Africans 5%, mulatto/pardo people 40%, Amerindian people 3.5%, and other races, mostly Asians, make up 1.5%.[1][2] Three Amerindian tribes located in the country are the Wayuu, located in the west, in Zulia State, and the Timoto-cuicas, also in the west, in Mérida State, in the Andes.

About 85% of the population live in urban areas in the northern portion of the country and currently resides in the urban conglomerations (Caracas, Maracay, Maracaibo, Valencia, etc.) that are concentrated in Venezuela's northern coastal mountain strip. Nearly half of Venezuela's geographic area lies south of the Orinoco River; however, this region contains only 5% of the Venezuelan population.

The 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects[3][4] estimate puts Venezuela's total population at 28,199,867 inhabitants.[3][4] Additionally, over the past five years, Venezuelan society's general age structure has been trending towards the homologous structure found in Cuba, Western Europe, Japan, and other healthy and rapidly ageing societies. Notably, there has been a significant increase in the proportion and gross numbers of elderly Venezuelans (aged 65 and up), as well as a corresponding drop in the total fertility. More than 7 million people, that is 20 per cent of the population, have left Venezuela in the last years, mostly as refugees due to the economic and political situation.[5]

Population

Census population
YearPop.±%
18731,732,411—    
18812,005,139+15.7%
18912,221,572+10.8%
19202,479,525+11.6%
19262,814,131+13.5%
19363,364,347+19.6%
19413,850,771+14.5%
19505,034,838+30.7%
19617,523,999+49.4%
197110,721,522+42.5%
198114,516,735+35.4%
199018,105,265+24.7%
200123,232,553+28.3%
201127,722,793+19.3%

According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects[3][4] the total population was 28,199,867 in 2021, compared to only 5,482,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 29.5%, 64.9% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 5.6% was 65 years or older.[6]

Total population Proportion
aged 0–14
(%)		 Proportion
aged 15–64
(%)		 Proportion
aged 65+
(%)
1950 5,482,00043.554.61.9
1955 6,758,00044.853.12.0
1960 8,147,00045.651.92.4
1965 9,825,00046.451.02.6
1970 11,588,00045.751.52.8
1975 13,361,00043.353.63.0
1980 15,344,00040.756.23.2
1985 17,508,00038.857.83.4
1990 19,862,00037.958.43.7
1995 22,189,00036.359.83.9
2000 24,192,00034.061.54.5
2005 26,432,00031.763.35.0
2010 28,440,00029.964.55.6
2015 30,082,00028.465.36.4
2020 28,436,00027.364.88.0
Source:[7]

Structure of the population

Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 01.IX.2011): [8]
Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 13 549 752 13 678 178 27 227 930 100
0–4 1 254 208 1 183 423 2 437 631 8.95
5–9 1 236 217 1 166 147 2 402 364 8.82
10–14 1 298 191 1 218 588 2 516 779 9.24
15–19 1 336 159 1 305 161 2 641 320 9.70
20–24 1 280 125 1 280 524 2 560 649 9.40
25–29 1 159 400 1 184 932 2 344 332 8.61
30–34 1 105 617 1 114 124 2 219 741 8.15
35–39 942 311 962 942 1 905 253 7.00
40–44 873 509 881 981 1 755 490 6.45
45–49 747 704 781 077 1 528 781 5.61
50–54 651 255 686 679 1 337 934 4.91
55–59 530 935 577 864 1 108 799 4.07
60–64 407 656 440 702 848 358 3.12
65-69 267 691 300 997 568 688 2.09
70-74 189 285 221 170 410 455 1.51
75-79 130 126 162 866 292 992 1.08
80-84 78 996 109 899 188 895 0.69
85-89 40 560 63 581 104 141 0.38
90-94 14 875 25 495 40 370 0.15
95+ 4 932 10 026 14 958 0.05
Age group Male Female Total Per cent
0–14 3 788 616 3 568 158 7 356 774 27.02
15–64 9 034 671 9 215 986 18 250 657 67.03
65+ 726 465 894 034 1 620 499 5.95
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2019): [8]
Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 16 085 704 15 979 037 32 064 741 100
0–4 1 392 960 1 317 350 2 710 310 8.45
5–9 1 420 995 1 327 513 2 748 508 8.57
10–14 1 442 288 1 349 218 2 791 506 8.71
15–19 1 427 367 1 342 856 2 770 223 8.64
20–24 1 372 148 1 306 480 2 678 628 8.35
25–29 1 322 783 1 281 779 2 604 562 8.12
30–34 1 294 114 1 275 147 2 569 261 8.01
35–39 1 180 244 1 177 120 2 357 364 7.35
40–44 1 042 646 1 050 897 2 093 543 6.53
45–49 946 494 963 933 1 910 427 5.96
50–54 877 401 903 878 1 781 279 5.56
55–59 747 504 781 852 1 529 356 4.77
60–64 574 077 613 380 1 187 457 3.70
65-69 409 138 450 856 859 994 2.68
70-74 282 267 326 025 608 292 1.90
75-79 179 631 221 308 400 939 1.25
80-84 101 653 140 040 241 693 0.75
85-89 48 109 81 333 129 442 0.40
90-94 17 947 43 357 61 304 0.19
95-99 4 924 19 593 24 517 0.08
100+ 1 014 5 122 6 136 0.02
Age group Male Female Total Per cent
0–14 4 256 243 3 994 081 8 250 324 25.73
15–64 10 784 778 10 697 322 21 482 100 67.00
65+ 1 044 683 1 287 634 2 332 317 7.27

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events in Venezuela is not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[9]

Period Live births
per year		 Deaths
per year		 Natural change
per year		 CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR* Life expectancy
total		 Life expectancy
males		 Life expectancy
females
1950–1955263,00069,000193,00046.512.634.16.4610754.352.955.8
1955–1960309,00073,000236,00044.910.934.26.468957.155.658.7
1960–1965375,00077,000298,00045.19.535.76.667359.958.261.7
1965–1970397,00076,000320,00040.18.032.45.906062.660.564.9
1970–1975411,00076,000334,00035.16.728.64.944965.062.467.7
1975–1980476,00081,000395,00034.25.828.44.473967.364.670.4
1980–1985519,00089,000430,00032.05.326.53.963468.966.072.0
1985–1990561,00092,000468,00030.34.925.33.652770.567.773.5
1990–1995563,000101,000461,00026.94.822.13.252371.568.774.5
1995–2000569,000114,000455,00024.54.919.72.942172.169.375.1
2000–2005585,000129,000456,00023.05.117.92.721972.769.975.8
2005–2010598,000142,000456,00021.55.416.12.551773.770.876.8
2010–2015601,000159,000442,00020.05.914.12.401574.571.777.6
2015–2020595,000178,000417,00018.07.011.02.281375.372.578.4
2020–202516.87.39.52.18
2025–203016.57.49.12.10
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Births and deaths

Births and deaths:[10][11][12]

Year Population Live births Deaths Natural increase Crude birth rate Crude death rate Rate of natural increase TFR
1948 183 590 59 934 123 656
1949 198 773 57 477 141 296
1950 5,034,838 212 096 54 397 157 699
1951 224 553 56 757 167 796
1952 230 703 57 115 173 588
1953 250 943 53 945 196 998
1954 262 134 56 846 205 288
1955 272 433 59 348 213 085
1956 278 072 59 339 218 733
1957 284 080 61 918 222 162
1958 291 747 59 037 232 710
1959 324 739 58 988 265 751
1960 338 199 55 354 282 845
1961 7,523,999 344 989 55 585 289 404
1962 341 324 54 960 286 364
1963 353 546 58 474 295 072
1964 365 340 60 912 304 428
1965 379 530 61 568 317 962
1966 376 367 61 691 314 676
1967 407 986 62 111 345 875
1968 384 678 64 592 320 086
1969 397 003 67 784 329 219
1970 392 583 68 493 324 090
1971 10,721,522 405 964 70 478 335 486
1972 406 120 73 379 332 741
1973 405 455 76 333 329 122
1974 433 397 73 555 359 842
1975 446 110 74 388 371 722
1976 462 233 75 088 387 145
1977 465 332 74 257 391 075
1978 475 824 72 584 403 240
1979 481 349 74 649 406 700
1980 493 009 77 018 415 991
1981 14,516,735 497 270 80 346 416 924
1982 510 532 77 021 433 511
1983 514 381 75 743 438 638
1984 503 973 78 091 425 882
1985 502 329 78 938 423 391
1986 504 278 77 647 426 631
1987 516 773 80 322 436 451
1988 522 392 81 442 440 950
1989 529 015 84 761 444 254
1990 18,105,265 577 976 89 830 488 146
1991 602 024 88 634 513 390
1992 559 950 90 566 469 384
1993 524 387 89 105 435 282
1994 547 819 96 696 451 123
1995 520 584 92 273 428 311
1996 497 975 93 839 404 136 22.3 4.2 18.1
1997 516 616 94 334 422 282 22.7 4.1 18.6
1998 501 808 98 624 403 184 21.6 4.2 17.4
1999 527 888 101 907 425 981 22.1 4.3 17.8
2000 544 416 103 255 441 161 22.4 4.2 18.2
2001 23,232,553 529 552 107 867 421 685 21.4 4.4 17.0
2002 492 678 105 388 387 290 19.5 4.2 15.3
2003 555 614 118 562 437 052 21.6 4.6 17.0
2004 637 799 114 480 523 319 24.4 4.4 20.0
2005 665 997 110 301 555 696 25.1 4.2 20.9
2006 646 225 115 348 530 877 23.9 4.3 19.6
2007 615 371 118 594 496 777 22.4 4.3 18.1
2008 581 480 124 062 457 418 20.8 4.4 16.4
2009 593 845 123 530 470 315 20.9 4.4 16.6
2010 591 303 130 597 460 706 20.7 4.6 16.1
2011 27,722,793 615 132 136 803 478 329 21.3 4.7 16.5 2.466
2012 619 530 142 988 476 542 21.1 4.9 16.2 2.446
2013 597 902 147 901 450 001 20.1 5.0 15.1 2.427
2014 30,070,000 597 773 159 239 438 534 19.9 5.3 14.6 2.410
2015 30,489,000 600 860 163 367 437 493 19.6 5.3 14.3
2016 30,740,000 642 664 185 697 456 967 20.8 6.0 14.8
2017 30,560,000 579 349 190 236 389 113 18.5 6.7 11.8
2018 29,830,000 543,836 209,334 334,502 17.8 7.0 10.8
2019 28,970,000 497,361 206,669 290,692 16.9 7.0 9.9
2020 28,490,000 466,065 217,755 248,310 16.2 7.6 8.6
2021 28,200,000 451,855 231,205 220,650 15.9 8.1 7.8
2022 28,300,000 438,384 228,020 210,364 15.6 8.1 7.5

Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[13]

  • One birth every 53 seconds
  • One death every 3 minutes
  • One net migrant every 45 minutes
  • Net gain of one person every 1 minute

Demographic statistics according to the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[14]

Total population:

28,644,603 (July 2020 est.)

Ethnic groups:

unspecified Spanish, Italian (13–16%), Portuguese (1.4%), Arab (5%), German (<0.1%), African (3.4%), indigenous peoples (2.7%)

Age structure:

Population pyramid of Venezuela in 2017
0-14 years: 25.66% (male 3,759,280/female 3,591,897)
15–24 years: 16.14% (male 2,348,073/female 2,275,912)
25–54 years: 41.26% (male 5,869,736/female 5,949,082)
55–64 years: 8.76% (male 1,203,430/female 1,305,285)
65 years and over: 8.18% (male 1,069,262/female 1,272,646) (2020 est.)

Median age:

total: 30 years. Country comparison to the world: 124th
male: 29.4 years
female: 30.7 years (2020 est.)

Birth rate:

17.9 births/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 92nd

Death rate:

7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 106th

Total fertility rate:

2.26 children born/woman (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 87th

Net migration rate:

-3.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 184th

Population growth rate:

-0.18% (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 207th
1.51% (2009 est.).

Contraceptive prevalence rate:

75% (2010)

Dependency ratios:

total dependency ratio: 52.6 (2015 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 43 (2015 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 9.5 (2015 est.)
potential support ratio: 10.5 (2015 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:

Life expectancy in Venezuela since 1900
Life expectancy in Venezuela since 1960 by gender
total population: 76.2 years
male: 73.2 years
female: 79.3 years (2018 est.)

Urbanization:

urban population: 88.2% of total population (2018)
rate of urbanisation: 1.28% annual rate of change (2015–20 est.)

Languages:

Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects

Literacy:

definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2016 est.)

total population: 97.1%
male: 97%
female: 97.2% (2016 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):

total: 14 years

Unemployment, youth ages 15–24:

total: 14.6%. Country comparison to the world: 92nd

Sex ratio

AgeRatio
(males/females)
Total:1.02
At birth:1.07
Under 15:1.07
15–64:1.01
Over 65:0.83

Race

According to an autosomal DNA genetic study conducted in 2008 by the University of Brasilia (UNB), the composition of Venezuela's population is: 60.60% of European contribution, 23% of Amerindian contribution and 16.30% of African contribution. 3.6% of Venezuelans are fully black, but Mulattos (black mixed with white) are a much larger proportion, with many Venezuelans having African ancestry.[15]

Religious affiliation

The overwhelming majority of Venezuelans denote themselves as adherents of Catholicism; this is true nominally, if not in practice.

Religion in Venezuela (2022)[16]

  Catholicism (64.2%)
  Evangelicalism (22.0%)
  Other Christians (3.9%)
  No religion (8.3%)
  Others (1.6%)
Religious affiliation in Venezuela. (2011)[17][18]
Affiliation % of Venezuela population
Christian 88.3 88.3
 
Catholic 71 71
 
Protestant 17 17
 
Mormon 0.3 0.3
 
Non-Christian faiths 2.7 2.7
 
Jewish 0.05 0.05
 
Muslim 0.4 0.4
 
Santería 1 1
 
Other Non-Christian faiths 1.25 1.25
 
Unaffiliated 9 9
 
Agnostic/indifferent 6 6
 
Atheist 2 2
 
Don't know/refused answer 1 1
 
Total100 100
 

According to the 2011 census, 88.3 per cent of the population is Christian, primarily Roman Catholic (71%), 17 per cent Protestant, and the remaining 0.03 per cent Mormons (LDS Church).[19] The Venezuelans without religion are 9% (atheist 2%, agnostic or indifferent 6% and doesn't know/doesn't respond 1% ), almost 3% of the population follow other religions (1% of them are of Santería).[17][18]

Notes

  1. ↑ "Resultado Básico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y —×Vivienda 2011 (Mayo 2014)" (PDF). Ine.gov.ve. p. 29. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
  2. ↑ "Censos de población y vivienda". Ine.gob.ve. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 "World Population Prospects 2022". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX). population.un.org ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  5. ↑ Venezuela Situation at United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
  6. ↑ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". population.un.org. Archived from the original on 6 May 2011.
  7. ↑ "World Bank Open Data". World Bank Open Data.
  8. 1 2 "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics". unstats.un.org. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  9. ↑ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". population.un.org.
  10. ↑ "United Nations Statistics Division – Demographic and Social Statistics". United Nations.
  11. ↑ "3. Live births, deaths, and infant deaths, latest available year (2002–2016)" (PDF). United Nations. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  12. ↑ "Demographic and Social Statistics". UN Statistics Division. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  13. ↑ "Venezuela Population 2019", World Population Review
  14. ↑ "World Factbook SOUTH AMERICA : VENEZUELA", The World Factbook, 12 July 2018
  15. ↑ Godinho, Neide Maria de Oliveira (2008). "O impacto das migrações na constituição genética de populações latino-americanas" (PDF). Universidade de Brasília. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
  16. ↑ Statistica.com website
  17. 1 2 Aguire, Jesus Maria (June 2012). "Informe Sociográfico sobre la religión en Venezuela" (PDF) (in Spanish). El Centro Gumilla. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  18. 1 2 "Venezuela". State.gov. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  19. ↑ "LDS Starics". Mormon Newsroom. Retrieved 3 October 2017.

References

  • Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.
  • Acosta, Maruja. "Urbanizacion y clases sociales en Venezuela." Revista Interamericana de Planificacion Bogota, 7, No. 26, June 1973, 22–44.
  • The article contains a statistical reference from the Wikipedia public domain Mestizos (2006).
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