Diploschistes
Diploschistes scruposus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Graphidales
Family: Graphidaceae
Genus: Diploschistes
Norman (1853)
Type species
Diploschistes scruposus
(Schreb.) Norman (1853)
Species

~43

Synonyms[1]
  • Lectularia Stirt. (1878)
  • Lagerheimina Kuntze (1891)
  • Polyschistes J.Steiner (1898)
  • Protoschistes M.Choisy (1928)
  • Urceolariomyces Cif. & Tomas. (1953)
  • Diploschistomyces Werner (1976)

Diploschistes (crater lichen) is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae.[2] Members of the genus are crustose lichens with a thick, cracked (areolate) body (thallus) with worldwide distribution.[3]: 264 [4][5] The fruiting part (apothecia) are immersed in the thick thallus so as to have the appearance of being small "craters".[3]: 264  The widespread genus contains about 43 species.[6]

Taxonomy

Johannes Musæus Norman originally circumscribed the genus in 1853.[7] It is in the family Graphidaceae. In 2018,[8] Kraichak and colleagues, using a "temporal phylogenetic" approach to identify temporal bands for specific taxonomic ranks, proposed placing Diploschistes as the type genus of Diploschistaceae, a family originally proposed by Zalbruckner in 1905.[9] This taxonomic proposal was rejected by Robert Lücking in a critical 2019 review of the temporal method for the classification of lichen-forming fungi, using this specific example to highlight several drawbacks of this approach.[10]

Selected species

  • Diploschistes actinostomus (Ach.) Zahlbr. (1892)
  • Diploschistes aeneus (Müll.Arg.) Lumbsch (1989)
  • Diploschistes albopruinosus Pérez-Vargas, Hern.-Padr. & Elix (2011)
  • Diploschistes almbornii C.W.Dodge (1964)
  • Diploschistes caesioplumbeus (Nyl.) Vain. (1921)
  • Diploschistes candidissimus (Kremp.) Zahlbr. (1924)
  • Diploschistes cinereocaesius (Sw.) Vain. (1921)
  • Diploschistes conceptionis Vain. (1899)
  • Diploschistes diacapsis (Ach.) Lumbsch (1988)
  • Diploschistes diploschistoides (Vain.) G.Salisb. (1972)
  • Diploschistes elixii Lumbsch & Mangold (2007)
  • Diploschistes euganeus (A.Massal.) J.Steiner (1919)
  • Diploschistes farinosus (Anzi) Vězda (1974)
  • Diploschistes gypsaceus (Ach.) Zahlbr. (1892)
  • Diploschistes gyrophoricus Lumbsch & Elix (1989)
  • Diploschistes hensseniae Lumbsch & Elix (1985)
  • Diploschistes microsporus Lumbsch & Elix (2003)
  • Diploschistes muscorum (Scop.) R.Sant. (1980)
  • Diploschistes neutrophilus (Clauzade & Cl.Roux) Fern.-Brime & Llimona (2013)
  • Diploschistes scruposus (Schreb.) Norman (1852)
  • Diploschistes sticticus (Körb.) Müll.Arg. (1894)
  • Diploschistes thunbergianus (Ach.) Lumbsch & Vězda (1993)
  • Diploschistes tianshanensis A.Abbas, S.Y.Guo & Ababaikeli (2016)
  • Diploschistes wui A.Abbas, S.Y.Guo & Ababaikeli (2018)
  • Diploschistes xinjiangensis A.Abbas & S.Y.Guo (2015)

References

  1. ↑ "Diploschistes Norman 1853". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-09-20.
  2. ↑ "Diploschistes". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  3. 1 2 Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19500-2
  4. ↑ USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Name Search
  5. ↑ Crater Lichen (Diploschistes), Encyclopedia of Life
  6. ↑ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CABI. p. 213. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
  7. ↑ Norman JM. (1852). "Conatus praemissus redactionis novae generum nonnullorum Lichenum in organis fructificationes vel sporis fundatae". Nytt Magazin for Naturvidenskapene [New Magazine for the Natural Sciences] (in Latin). 7: 213–52.
  8. ↑ Kraichak, Ekaphan; Huang, Jen-Pan; Nelsen, Matthew; Leavitt, Steven D.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2018). "A revised classification of orders and families in the two major subclasses of Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota) based on a temporal approach". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 188 (3): 233–249. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boy060.
  9. ↑ Engler, H.G.A.; Prantl, K.A.E. (1905). Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigeren Arten. 1 (in German). pp. 97–144 [121].
  10. ↑ Lücking, Robert (2019). "Stop the abuse of time! Strict temporal banding is not the future of rank-based classifications in Fungi (including lichens) and other organisms". Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. 38 (3): 199–253. doi:10.1080/07352689.2019.1650517. S2CID 202859785.
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