Disney Interactive
Disney Interactive
FormerlyDisney Interactive (1995–2008, 2012–2016)
Disney Interactive Media Group (2008–2012)
TypeSubsidiary
IndustryVideo games
PredecessorsDisney Interactive Studios
Walt Disney Internet Group
Founded1995 (1995)
SuccessorDisney Consumer Products (as a segment)
HeadquartersGrand Central Creative Campus,
Glendale, California
,
U.S.
Number of locations
12
RevenueUS$982 million
US$−308 million (2011)
OwnerThe Walt Disney Company
Number of employees
2,000 (March 2014)
ParentDisney Consumer Products
DivisionsDisney Electronic Content
Disney Mobile
Marvel Games
SubsidiariesDisney Online, Inc.
Footnotes / references
[1][2][3][4]

Disney Interactive is an American video game and internet company that oversees various websites and interactive media owned by The Walt Disney Company.[1]

History

1995–1996: Formation and beginnings

In December 1994, Disney announced that it was establishing a new division dedicated to publishing computer and video game console software, called Disney Interactive.[5] The initial staff consisted of 200 newly hired employees.[5] The company was formally established in mid-1995.[6] On August 23, 1995, Disney Interactive formed Disney Online.[7]

1997–2007: Buena Vista Internet Group

Disney purchased a one-third share of Starwave on April 3, 1997, for $100 million.[8] In January 1998, Disney registered go.com.[9] Exercising its options, Disney purchased the outstanding shares of Starwave from Paul Allen in April 1998.[10] In June 1998, Disney purchased 43% ownership of Infoseek in exchange for Starwave and $70 million.[11][12] Infoseek and Disney Online joint ventured in developing the Go Network, an internet portal.[13] With Disney's purchase of the remainder of Infoseek in July 1999, the Go Network, Infoseek, the Disney Catalog, Disney Online (Disney.com and DisneyStore.com), ABC News Internet Ventures and ESPN Internet Ventures and Buena Vista Internet Group are merged into the Go.com company.[14]

In August 1996, BVIG took a controlling in interest in toysmart.com with three directors on the board. Toysmart would be granted marketing support including free advertising on BVIG websites like family.com.[15] After an attempted round of financing, Toysmart.com shut down in May 2000.[16]

In June 1999, the Disney Internet Guide is abandoned.[17] The Go.com portal was shut down in 2001 at a cost of $878 million in charges.[18]

In 2004, Disney re-activated the Starwave identity as Starwave Mobile, which publishes casual games for mobile phones for non-Disney brands with in Disney conglomerate or from third party.[19] In December 2004 and partnered with Indiagames, the Walt Disney Internet Group released Disney games, wallpapers and ringtones in the Indian market which is also available on AirTel.[20]

The group further expanded through purchase of Living Mobile, a European mobile game developer and publisher in November 2005[21] and Enorbus Technologies in 2007.[22]

2008–2012: Disney Interactive Media Group

On June 5, 2008, Disney Interactive Studios and the Walt Disney Internet Group merged into a single business unit, now known as the Disney Interactive Media Group.[23] In 2009, DIMG's Disney Online unit purchased multiple websites from Kaboose.[24]

In July 2010, Disney Interactive purchased Playdom for $563.2 million[25] and Tapulous for its Mobile division.[3] On July 1, Disney Interactive announced it had acquired Tapulous, the studio behind the Tap Tap Revenge franchise for iOS.[26] In October, two co-presidents were named for DIMG, John Pleasants and James Pitaro, with orders to make the company profitable.[27]

In January 2011, DIMG closed its Propaganda Games game studio and laid off 200 employees later in the month. The dual presidents placed the game studios of Blackrock, Junction Point, Avalanche, Wideload and Gamestar under its new game development chief Alex Seropian while Penguin creator Lane Merrifield was assigned to game initiatives for kids and families within a new publishing unit to handle marketing and production.[27] On February 18, DIMG purchased Togetherville, a pre-teen social network.[28] Also in February, Disney purchased Finland-based Rocket Pack, a game development company with a plugin free game development system.[29] In November, DIMG purchased Babble Media Inc.[30]

In April 2012, the Group announced three web series targeted towards mothers: "Moms of", "That's Fresh", and "Thinking Up."[31] By October, DIMG had 15 consecutive quarters of losses totaling some $977 million.[18] Lane Merrifield, the founder of Club Penguin, resigned after conflict with Pleasants. DIMG also in October announced "Toy Box", a cross platform gaming initiative where Pixar and Disney characters will interact from a console game to multiple mobile and online applications.[18]

2012–2018: Disney Interactive

Around May–July 2012, Disney Interactive Media Group changed its name to Disney Interactive (DI).[32]

In January 2013, Disney Interactive Games' Avalanche Software unveiled the Toy Box cross platform game as Disney Infinity, based on Toy Story 3: The Video Game's "Toy Box" mode crossed with a toy line.[33] Also in January, Disney Interactive announced the closure of Junction Point Studios.[34]

In October 2013, Disney announced that its Interactive division had a profit of $16 million for its fourth quarter, based partly on sales of Disney Infinity and uniting both halves of the division under one president.[35]

In March 2014, Disney Interactive announced it was laying off 700 people, or one-fourth of its staff as DI combines its two-game units, mobile and social, due to sagging popularity of Facebook games, and closing some Disney Online sites. They said will focus less on advertising and more on sponsorships for Disney Online and licensed game development. While some endeavors have shown profitability, such as an app in Japan and the combined game and toy line Infinity, the segment as a whole is unprofitable for Disney.[4]

Disney Interactive was merged with Disney Consumer Products on June 29, 2015, forming a new segment and division known as "Disney Consumer Products and Interactive Media", with Disney Interactive as a direct unit.[36] In December 2015, Maker Studios was placed under the control of Disney Interactive with the appointment of Maker's executive vice president Courtney Holt, reporting to Jimmy Pitaro, president of Disney Interactive.[37]

With a lack of growth in toy-to-game market and increasing developmental costs, in May 2016, Disney Interactive discontinued Disney Infinity and closed down the unit that developed Infinity, Avalanche Software. Also, the company ended all self-publishing efforts. A discontinuation charge of $147 million for ending its console gaming business affected earning.[38]

In September 2018, Disney confirmed the imminent discontinuation of Club Penguin Island in a letter sent to its Disney Online Studios team in Kelowna, as well as the layoffs of most employees in said studio.[39]

In November 2018, Disney agreed to have Jam City take over operation of its Glendale-based Disney Interactive Studios, sell them Emoji Blitz and development of future Pixar and Walt Disney Animation franchises games. Staff at the studio would be offered jobs with Jam City working on the Disney titles.[40]

2018–present

Disney Electronic Content would take over publishing duties of various Disney-branded video games not licensed to other companies. Their first release was Disney Classic Games: Aladdin and The Lion King on October 29, 2019 for Microsoft Windows, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, a collection of tie-in video games based on both films developed by Digital Eclipse; a re-release featuring The Jungle Book games and the SNES version of Aladdin, named Disney Classic Games Collection was released on November 23, 2021.[41]

Disney Electronic Content would also release Zombies Ate My Neighbors and Ghoul Patrol for the above platforms on June 29, 2021.[42] Their first release that isn't a port of old games was Disney Illusion Island, a platform game developed by Dlala Studios and featuring Mickey Mouse. It was released exclusively for Nintendo Switch on July 28, 2023.[43]

Units

Disney Online

Disney Online
TypeSubsidiary
IndustryInternet
FoundedAugust 23, 1995 (1995-08-23)
Headquarters
United States
ProductsWebsites
ParentDisney Interactive
Divisions
  • Disney Family Network
  • DigiSynd

Disney Online is a division of Disney Interactive that operates most of Disney online portfolio.

On August 23, 1995, Disney Interactive formed Disney Online unit with the naming of Jake Winebaum as president of Disney Online.[7] On November 19, 1996, the opening of DisneyStore.com was open under Disney Online business unit. The family.com website is launched on December 9, 1996.[46]

Disney announced on April 18, 1997 that it will purchase Starwave's Family Planet Web site and merge it with Family.com.[47] The Disney Daily Blast (dailyblast.com) web site officially launched on April 23 under a subscription plan and daily content targeted to younger viewers with Microsoft Network marketing and distributing for an exclusive 10-month period.[47][48]

In July 1998, Disney Online announced dig.com, Disney Internet Guide, a child friendly web directory[49] which launched in June 1998[9] and closed one year later in June to focus on Infoseek/Go Network.[50]

In late 2007, DIMG purchased IParenting Media's websites.[30] Disney sold movies.com to Fandango in June 2008.[51] Disney Online purchased in 2008 Take 180 from Chris Williams, who stays on until April 2012 as vice president and general manager of Disney Online Originals, which has Take 180 as creative hub.[52] In 2009, DIMG's Disney Online unit purchased from Kaboose multiple websites including: Kaboose.com, Babyzone.com, AmazingMoms.com, Funschool.com and Zeeks.com, and place them into its Disney Family Network.[2][24] Disney.com purchased Kerpoof in February 2009.[53]

In November 2011, DIMG purchased Babble Media Inc. to add it to the Mom and Family Portfolio.[30] In March 2014, Disney Interactive announced it was laying off 700 people, or one-fourth of its staff as DI closed smaller Disney Online sites including BabyZone.com and Spoonful.com. They said will focus less on advertising and more on sponsorships for Disney Online to fit the experience Disney wishes to offer.[4]

Online units

  • disney.com
  • Disney Family Network websites[2] - also called Mom and Family Portfolio
  • DigiSynd, social media marketing

References

  1. 1 2 "Company Overview of Disney Interactive". Private Company Information. business Week. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  2. 1 2 3 "Disney Online Company Profile". Yahoo/Hoover. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  3. 1 2 Goldman Getzler, Wendy (February 1, 2012). "Disney Mobile raises the bar". kidscreen.com. Retrieved October 23, 2012.
  4. 1 2 3 Barnes, Brooks (March 6, 2014). "Disney's Game and Internet Division Cuts One-Quarter of Its Work Force". The New York Times. Retrieved March 6, 2014.
  5. 1 2 "Disney Rides Solo". GamePro. No. 68. IDG. March 1995. p. 154.
  6. ↑ "Disney Enters Video Game Market!". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 74. Ziff Davis. September 1995. p. 56.
  7. 1 2 "WINEBAUM NAMED PRESIDENT OF NEW DISNEY ONLINE UNIT". PR Newswire. Disney. Retrieved December 20, 2012.
  8. ↑ "Volume 146, Number 50752". New York Times. April 4, 1997. p. C4.
  9. 1 2 Polsson, Ken. "1998". Chronology of the Walt Disney Company. kpolsson.com. Retrieved December 7, 2012.
  10. ↑ Pelline, Jeff; Dawn Kawamoto (April 30, 1998). "Disney to buy Starwave". CNET. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
  11. ↑ "Disney Buys Infoseek Stake". NextTV. June 22, 1998. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
  12. ↑ Tedesco, Richard (June 22, 1998). "Disney stakes big 'Net claim with Infoseek". Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
  13. ↑ Tedesco, Richard (December 14, 1998). "Disney, Infoseek give green light". Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on May 31, 2013. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
  14. ↑ "Disney absorbs Infoseek". Money. CNNfn. July 12, 1999. Retrieved December 7, 2012.
  15. ↑ Gelsi, Steve. (August 25, 1999). Disney plays with Toysmart.com. Marketwatch.com.
  16. ↑ DeMott, Rick. (May 26, 2000). Disney's Toysmart Newest Site To Go Offline. Animation World Network.
  17. ↑ (April 2000). Premiere. Volume 13, Number 8. Accessed April 18, 2016.
  18. 1 2 3 Barnes, Brooks (October 21, 2012). "Disney, Struggling to Find Its Digital Footing, Overhauls Disney.com". The New York Times. Retrieved October 23, 2012.
  19. ↑ "New Disney Group To Offer Third-Party Mobile Content". The Online Reporter. October 30, 2004. Archived from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
  20. ↑ Bhattacharjee, Manisha (April 25, 2005). "Disney's Eisner, Iger in India; to meet PM & President". Indiantelevision.com. Retrieved April 23, 2014.
  21. ↑ "Walt Disney Internet Group expands European mobile content operations; acquires Living Mobile". Indiantelevision.com. November 8, 2005. Retrieved January 5, 2021.
  22. ↑ Ali, Rafat (March 19, 2007). "Disney Buys Chinese Mobile Content Provider Enorbus; For Around $20 Million". Gigaom. Retrieved September 8, 2020.
  23. ↑ "Disney's games and internet divisions merging" Archived June 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Joystiq.com, 2008.
  24. 1 2 "Disney Online Buys Kaboose Assets For $18.4 Million, Barclays Private Equity Limited Acquires Its UK Operations". TechCrunch.com. April 1, 2009. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  25. ↑ Chmielewski, Dawn C. (July 28, 2010). "Disney to buy Playdom Inc. for $563.2 million". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  26. ↑ "Disney acquires Tapulous" from Techcrunch.com
  27. 1 2 Chmielewski, Dawn C. (January 26, 2011). "Disney Interactive lays off 200 as video game unit shifts focus". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  28. ↑ Chmielewski, Dawn C. (February 25, 2011). "Disney buys social networking site Togetherville". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  29. 1 2 Butcher, Mike (March 3, 2011). "Disney acquires gaming engine startup to build HTML5 games outside of App stores". TechCrunch.com. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  30. 1 2 3 4 Chmielewski, Dawn C. (November 15, 2011). "Disney buys parenting website Babble". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  31. ↑ Chmielewski, Dawn C. (April 27, 2012). "Disney Interactive targets moms with original series". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  32. ↑ "Disney Interactive". The Walt Disney Company. Archived from the original on July 12, 2012.
  33. ↑ Lang, Derrik J. (January 15, 2013). "Disney unveils own 'Skylanders'-like franchise". Business Week. AP. Archived from the original on February 25, 2013. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
  34. ↑ Lang, Derrik J. (January 29, 2013). "Disney closing 'Epic Mickey' video game developer". Washington Times. AP. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
  35. ↑ Richwine, Lisa. (November 11, 2013) REFILE-UPDATE 2-Disney games co-president named consultant as unit consolidates. Reuters. Accessed on November 15, 2013.
  36. ↑ Futter, Mike (June 29, 2015). "Disney Merges Interactive And Consumer Products Divisions For Toys To Life Superpower". Game Informer. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  37. ↑ Lieberman, David (December 15, 2015). "Disney Taps Courtney Holt To Replace Ynon Kreiz As Head Of Maker Studios". Deadline. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  38. ↑ Macy, Seth G. (May 10, 2016). "Disney Cancels Infinity, No Longer Self-Publishing Games". IGN. Retrieved May 10, 2016. This means that we will be shutting down Avalanche, our internal studio that developed the game.
  39. ↑ D'Anastasio, Cecilia (September 27, 2018). "Club Penguin Island To Shut Down, Marking Final End Of The Beloved Children's MMO". Kotaku. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  40. ↑ Spangler, Todd (November 14, 2018). "Disney's Glendale Games Studio Transfers to Jam City, Which Plans to Create Game for 'Frozen 2'". Variety. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  41. ↑ "Disney Classic Games: Aladdin and The Lion King for Nintendo Switch - Nintendo Official Site". www.nintendo.com. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
  42. ↑ "Zombies Ate My Neighbors and Ghoul Patrol for Nintendo Switch - Nintendo Official Site". www.nintendo.com. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
  43. ↑ "Disney Illusion Island for Nintendo Switch - Nintendo Official Site". www.nintendo.com. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
  44. ↑ Brzeski, Patrick (December 11, 2012). "Disney Buys South Korean Game Developer Studio Ex (Report)". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on January 16, 2023. Retrieved January 16, 2023.
  45. ↑ "About Us". Disney Interactive Media Group Press Room. Disney. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  46. ↑ "July-December 1996". Chronology of the Walt Disney Company. Retrieved November 26, 2012. Source: CNet News.com, https://archive.today/20130102120941/http://www.news.cnet.com/
  47. 1 2 "July-December 1996". Chronology of the Walt Disney Company. Retrieved November 26, 2012. Source: CNet News.com, https://archive.today/20130102120941/http://www.news.cnet.com/
  48. ↑ Jensen, Jeff (March 31, 1997). "Disney's Daily Blast Debuts on MSN: Ad-Supported Kids Net Service Likely to seek More Carriers Soon". Ad Age. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  49. ↑ Bensko, Jennifer (July 6, 1998). "A Web of Their Own". Newsweek. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
  50. ↑ Hu, Jim (August 9, 1999). "Disney quietly shutters family Net guide". CNET. Retrieved November 8, 2021.
  51. ↑ Chmielewski, Dawn C. (June 24, 2008). "Fandango acquires Movies.com". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  52. ↑ Wallenstein, Andrew (April 4, 2012). "Disney exec ankles for Maker Studios". Variety. Retrieved February 6, 2015.
  53. ↑ Avery, Greg (February 20, 2009). "Disney reveals Kerpoof purchase". Orlando Business Journal. Retrieved July 20, 2011.

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