El Anatsui
Born (1944-02-04) 4 February 1944
Anyako, Volta Region, Ghana
NationalityGhanaian
Alma materKwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
Known forVisual Art, Sculpture
AwardsPrince Claus Award

El Anatsui (/ˌɛl ˌænətˈsuːi/; born 4 February 1944)[1][2][3] is a Ghanaian sculptor active for much of his career in Nigeria. He has drawn particular international attention for his "bottle-top installations". These installations consist of thousands of aluminum pieces sourced from alcohol recycling stations and sewn together with copper wire, which are then transformed into metallic cloth-like wall sculptures. Such materials, while seemingly stiff and sturdy, are actually free and flexible, which often helps with manipulation when installing his sculptures.[4][5] Anatsui was included in the 2023 Time 100 list of the world's most influential people.[6]

Early life and education

El Anatsui was born in Anyako, in the Volta Region of Ghana. The youngest of his father's 32 children, Anatsui lost his mother and was raised by his uncle. His first experience with art was through drawing letters on a chalkboard.[7] He trained at the College of Art, University of Science and Technology, in Kumasi in central Ghana.[8] One of his early influences was sculptor Vincent Akwete Kofi.[9]

His work with sculpture and wood carving started as a hobby to keep alive the traditions he grew up with. He began teaching at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, in 1975, and has become affiliated with the Nsukka group.[10]

It has taken many years to find artists who can occupy a prominent place on the global circuit while choosing to reside outside the metropolitan centres. William Kentridge has made his reputation from Johannesburg, and El Anatsui has conquered the planet while living and working in the Nigerian university town of Nsukka.[11]

Exhibitions

Man's Cloth (1998–2001) at the British Museum in 2009

Anatsui's career grew gradually, starting in his home village of Nsukka before branching off to places such as Enugu and Lagos, and eventually internationally.[12] In 1990, Anatsui had his first important group show at the Studio Museum In Harlem, New York. He also was one of three artists singled out in the 1990 exhibition "Contemporary African Artists: Changing Traditions", which was extended for five years.[12] Anatsui has since exhibited his work around the world, including at the Brooklyn Museum (2013);[13] the Clark Art Institute (2011);[14] the Rice University Art Gallery, Houston (2010);[15] the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (2008–09);[16] the National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. (2008);[17] the Fowler Museum at UCLA (2007);[18] the Venice Biennale (1990 and 2007);[19] the Hayward Gallery (2005);[20] the Liverpool Biennial (2002);[19] the National Museum of African Art (2001);[19] the Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona (2001);[19] the 8th Osaka Sculpture Triennale (1995);[19] the 5th Gwangju Biennale (2004); the Arab Museum of Modern Art in Doha (2019);[21] and the Kunstmuseum Bern (2020).[22] In 1995, Anatsui held his first solo exhibition outside of Africa in London. He expressed a variety of themes and demonstrated how African art can be shown in a multitude of ways that are not seen as "typical" African.[12] His work utilized conceptual modes used by European and American artists but hardly in African countries.[12] Anatsui showed his work at the de Young Museum in San Francisco in 2005. This was his first time "appear[ing] as part of the permanent collection in a major art museum".[23] Also in 2005, his exhibition at New York's Skoto Gallery, "Danudo," was the first display of his metal sheets in an American city.[23] At this gallery, Skoto Aghahowa presented Anatsui's wood wall panels alongside Sol LeWitt's drawings. This exhibition popularized his bottle-cap works as he gained more recognition in the press.[23]

Anatsui's Palazzo Fortuny Artempo exhibition in 2007

Anatsui was invited to the Venice Biennale in 2006 and again in 2007 where he was commissioned to make two hanging metal tapestries. During the 2007 edition, he exhibited his works at the Palazzo Fortuny which consisted of newly built walls for him to display three metal hangings entitled Dusasa.[23] Each artwork demonstrated different textures and colors including golds, reds, and blacks. The way the bottle tops draped throughout the hangings created a sense of gentleness that made it stand apart from the other works in the gallery.[23] The art curator of the Biennale, Robert Storr, mentions that the artist's series "reaches back into a whole series of things in the postwar period-it has a kind of exaltation I have not seen before".[23] During this Venetian showing, Anatsui wanted to create a new experience for his viewers conceptually. He believes that "human life is not something which is cut and dried. It is something that is constantly in a state of change."[12] At this point, he began to refer his metalworks as hangings instead of "cloths".[12]

Another Man's Cloth (2006) at the Rubell Museum DC in 2022

A 2010 retrospective of his work, entitled When I Last Wrote to You About Africa, was organized by the Museum for African Art and opened at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It subsequently toured venues in the United States for three years, concluding at the University of Michigan Museum of Art.

A major exhibition of recent works, entitled Gravity & Grace: Monumental Works by El Anatsui, had its New York premiere at the Brooklyn Museum in 2013. Organized by the Akron Art Museum (exhibition: 2012), the exhibition later traveled to the Des Moines Art Center (2013–14) and the Bass Museum of Art in Miami (2014).[24]

A career-spanning survey of his work, organized by Okwui Enwezor and Chika Okeke-Agulu, entitled Triumphant Scale drew record-breaking crowds when it opened, in March 2019 at Munich's Haus der Kunst. From there, the show travelled to the Arab Museum of Modern Art, in Doha, and later to the Kunstmuseum Bern in 2020.[21]

Other activities

Anatsui was selected to be a member of the International Society for Education through Art (InSEA) world council in 1992 for his work in education.[12] Anatsui was a founding member and fellow of the Forum for African Arts in 2000. That year he also became a member of the International Selection Committee for the Dakar Biennale in Senegal.[12] In 2001 he was a fellow at the Civitella Ranieri Foundation in Italy.[25][12]

Recognition

Awards

Anatsui won an honorable mention at the First Ghana National Art Competition as an undergraduate student in 1968. The following year he was awarded the Best Student of the Year at the College of Art in Kumasi, Ghana.[12] In 1983 he won a commission for two large public sculptures made of terrazzo-surfaced cement on the Nsukka campus.[12] He was selected to be one of ten artists invited to the Zweites Symposium Nordesekkuste residency in Cuxhaven, West Germany, in 1984.[12]

In 1990, Anatsui was invited to the 44th annual Venice Biennale show 5 Contemporary African Artists, where he received an honorable mention.[12] That year he was included in the American documentary Nigerian Art-Kindred Spirits.

In 2015, the Venice Biennale awarded Anatsui the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement.[26][27] In 2017, Anatsui was awarded the Praemium Imperiale, the first Ghanaian to win this international art prize.[28][29]

Other awards include:

Honorary degree

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ https://www.meer.com/en/24283-el-anatsui
  2. ↑ https://www.britannica.com/biography/El-Anatsui
  3. ↑ https://www.guggenheim-bilbao.eus/en/the-collection/artists/el-anatsui
  4. ↑ Sollins, Marybeth. "El Anatsui". Art 21.
  5. ↑ Christinee, Lindsay (8 September 2020). "Fall In Love With These Sustainable Artists". The Wellness Feed. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
  6. ↑ "El Anatsui: The 100 Most Influential People of 2023". 13 April 2023.
  7. ↑ Oguibe, Olu (Winter 1998). "El Anatsui: Beyond Death and Nothingness". African Arts. 31 (1): 48–55+96. doi:10.2307/3337623. JSTOR 3337623.
  8. ↑ "El Anatsui | Curriculum Vitae". El Anatsui. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
  9. ↑ Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku; Gates (Jr.), Henry Louis (2 February 2012). Dictionary of African Biography. OUP USA. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.
  10. ↑ "El Anatsui" biography at the National Museum of African Art, Washington, D.C.". Retrieved 24 January 2010.
  11. ↑ McDonald, John, "El Anatsui: out of Africa and taking the art world by storm", The Sydney Morning Herald, 6 February 2016.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Vogel, Susan (2012). El Anatsui: Art and Life. New York: Prestel. pp. 11, 41–45, 85–89, 164. ISBN 978-3-7913-4650-2.
  13. ↑ "Gravity and Grace: Monumental Works by El Anatsui". Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, New York. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
  14. ↑ El Anatsui Archived 7 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine exhibition (2011). Clark Art Institute website, Williamstown, Massachusetts. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
  15. ↑ "El Anatsui: Gli (Wall)". (2010). Rice University Art Gallery, Houston, Texas. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
  16. ↑ Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. (2008). "Rich Legacy of African Textiles on View in Metropolitan Museum Exhibition". Retrieved 29 January 2010.
  17. ↑ "El Anatsui at NMAA", Artnet, 17 January 2008. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
  18. ↑ "El Anatsui: Gawu". Fowler Museum at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA. (2007). Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 Preece, R. J. (2006). "El Anatsui interview: Out of West Africa". Sculpture/artdesigncafe. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
  20. ↑ "AFRICA REMIX: Contemporary Art of a Continent". Hayward Gallery, London. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
  21. 1 2 Lucas, Julian (18 January 2021). "Structure and Flow". The New Yorker. p. 40.
  22. ↑ "El Anatsui Triumphant Scale".
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vogel, Susan (2012). El Anatsui: Art and Life. New York: Prestel. pp. 78–85. ISBN 978-3-7913-4650-2.
  24. ↑ "Gravity & Grace: Monumental Works by El Anatsui". Exhibition information. Akron Art Museum. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
  25. 1 2 Binder, Lisa M. (2010). El Anatsui when I last wrote to you about Africa. Museum for African Art. ISBN 978-0-945802-56-3. OCLC 800807190.
  26. ↑ Russeth, Andrew (23 April 2015). "2015 Venice Biennale News. Venice Biennale Awards Golden Lions to El Anatsui, Susanne Ghez, Names Jury". author. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
  27. ↑ Toledo, Manuel, "Venice Biennale honours Africa's 'bottle-top artist' El Anatsui", BBC News, 9 May 2015.
  28. ↑ "2017 Sculpture El Anatsui", Praemium Imperiale.
  29. ↑ Chow, Andrew R., "Shirin Neshat and Mikhail Baryshnikov Among Praemium Imperiale Winners", The New York Times, 12 September 2017.
  30. ↑ Tessa Solomon (13 April 2023), Wolfgang Tillmans, Simone Leigh, and El Anatsui Make Time’s ‘100 Most Influential People’ List ARTnews.
  31. ↑ Gibson, Katie, "Nine to receive honorary degrees", Harvard Gazette, 26 May 2016.
  32. ↑ Gyamfi Asiedu, Kwasi, "Legendary Ghanaian artist receives honorary degree from Harvard", Pulse.com.gh, 30 May 2016.
  33. ↑ "El Anatsui to receive honorary doctorate from Harvard", ArtPremium, 3 June 2016.
  34. ↑ "KNUST honours eight personalities for invaluable services". Graphic Online. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 19 December 2018. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
  35. ↑ "KNUST honours Fibre Optics inventor Dr Mensah and others". Graphic Online. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2021.

Further reading

  • Okwui Enwezor and Chika Okeke-Agulu, El Anatsui: The Reinvention of Sculpture, Damiani, 2022 ISBN 9788862087636
  • (in French) "EL Anatsui, Tsiatsia", Le Delarge, read online.
  • "El Anatsui (born 1944), Sculptor", Benezit Dictionary of Artists, read online, ISBN 978-0-19-989991-3.
  • Lisa M. Binder, "Anatsui, El (born 1944), sculptor", Grove Art Online, read online, ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4.
  • Ian Chilvers and John Glaves-Smith, "Anatsui, El (1944–)", A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art, read online, ISBN 978-0-19-172675-0.
  • Anne Hart Jennifer, "El Anatsui (1944)", Dictionary of African Biography, read online, ISBN 978-0-19-985725-8.
  • Simon Ottenberg, New Traditions from Nigeria: Seven Artists of the Nsukka group, Smithsonian Institution Press 1997, ISBN 978-1-56098-800-7
  • Vogel, Susan Mullin (2012). El Anatsui. Prestal. ISBN 9783791346502.
  • Sollins, Marybeth (2012). art:21 vol.6. Art21, Inc. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-615-54566-0.
  • Oguibe, Olu. "El Anatsui: Beyond Death and Nothingness", African Arts, Vol.31, No.1 (1988), pp. 48–55+96, El Anatsui: Beyond Death and Nothingness
  • Gayer, J. (2008). El Anatsui : Gawu. Espace, (86), 39–40. id.erudit.org/iderudit/9058ac
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