Electron quadruplets are a possible phenomenon in an exotic state of matter in which Cooper pairs do not exhibit long-range order, but electron quadruplets do. This "quartic metal" phase is related to but distinct from those superconductors explained by the standard BCS theory; rather than expelling magnetic field lines as in the Meissner effect, it generates them, a spontaneous Nernst effect that indicates the breaking of time-reversal symmetry.[1] After the theoretical possibility was raised, observations consistent with electron quadrupling were published using hole-doped Ba1-xKxFe2As2 in 2021.[1][2]

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References

  1. 1 2 Grinenko, Vadim; Weston, Daniel; Caglieris, Federico; Wuttke, Christoph; Hess, Christian; Gottschall, Tino; Maccari, Ilaria; Gorbunov, Denis; Zherlitsyn, Sergei; Wosnitza, Jochen; Rydh, Andreas; Kihou, Kunihiro; Lee, Chul-Ho; Sarkar, Rajib; Dengre, Shanu; Garaud, Julien; Charnukha, Aliaksei; Hühne, Ruben; Nielsch, Kornelius; Büchner, Bernd; Klauss, Hans-Henning; Babaev, Egor (2021-10-18). "State with spontaneously broken time-reversal symmetry above the superconducting phase transition". Nature Physics. 17 (11): 1254–1259. arXiv:2103.17190. Bibcode:2021arXiv210317190G. doi:10.1038/s41567-021-01350-9. ISSN 1745-2481. S2CID 235732434.
  2. ↑ "Superconductor reveals new state of matter involving pairs of Cooper pairs". Physics World. 2021-11-03. Retrieved 2021-11-06.


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