This table includes a list of countries by emergency contraceptive availability.[1]

(LNG refers to Levonorgestrel and UPA refers to Ulipristal acetate).

CountryRegionAvailabilityOver the counterNon-prescriptionAge restrictionCostAwarenessNotes
AfghanistanAsiaImport onlyRed XNRed XN[2]
AlbaniaEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone[3]€15,60 (UPA)

€4,50 (LNG)

 66-75%[4][5]"Currently, Postinor-2 (LNG) is the only EC brand available in Albania as there is a stock out of NorLevo in the country for unknown reasons."[6]
AlgeriaAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)[7]
AndorraEuropeGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (16 and over)Under 16s require parental consent[8]€20 – €26 (UPA)

€6,1 – €7,8 (LNG)

 [9]
AngolaAfricaGreen tickY(34%)Red XNRed XN580 - 2950 AKZ23.5%[10][11][2]
Antigua and BarbudaCaribbeanGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickYSome restrictions[12]
ArgentinaSouth AmericaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYOver 14Free at all public hospitals in Buenos Aires[13][14]
ArmeniaCaucasusGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
ArubaCaribbeanGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone[15]
AustraliaOceaniaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)None[16]$20–$30 (LNG)[17]97%[18][19] "Pharmacists can refuse supply on religious grounds, but must refer the woman to another supplier"[16]
AustriaEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone€31,90 (UPA)

€12,90–13,50 (LNG)

≥84%[20][21] Common misconception that it acts like an abortifacient[20]
AzerbaijanCaucasusGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
BahamasCaribbeanGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)Only available in family planning clinics [15]
BahrainAsiaRed XNRed XNRed XN[2]
BangladeshAsiaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone৳24,00

Free (government clinics)[22]

 "Relatively unknown", 2001[23][24]
BarbadosCaribbeanGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)Access restricted due to misinformation[25][26]
BelgiumEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone€24,99 (€15,99 if <21 years old) (UPA),

€8,55–€9,85 (€0–€0,85 if <21 years old) (LNG)

Fully reimbursed under prescription if under 21 [27][21]
BelarusEuropeGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)None€17 (UPA)

€10 (LNG)

[28]
BelizeCentral AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)[29]
BeninAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
BhutanAsiaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYOver the counter EC introduced in 2018[30]
BoliviaSouth AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickYNoneBs55.50[31]
Bosnia and HerzegovinaEuropeGreen tickYRed XNRed XN€25,30–30,00 (UPA)

€14,50–22,50 (LNG)

Anecdotally available without prescription[32]
BotswanaAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)[33]
BrazilSouth AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickYNoneFree at most public hospitals, R$35 otherwise[34][35]
BruneiAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN30BND (LNG)Available with a Drs prescription from private clinics [2]
BulgariaEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone (UPA)

Over 16 (LNG)

€22,00 (UPA)

€15,00 (LNG)

≥84%[20][36]
Burkina FasoAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
BurundiAfricaGreen tickY (31%)[37]Red XN[11]Green tickY22.9%Women can be refused service by providers, and it is disapproved of by church leaders. Many are secretive about contraceptive use.[37][38]
CameroonAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
CambodiaAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN
CanadaNorth AmericaGreen tickYGreen tickY (except Saskatchewan)Green tickY (LNG only)[39][40]
Canada (Quebec)North AmericaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN[39][40]
Cape VerdeAfricaRed XNRed XNRed XNPossibly due to small population [2]
Central African RepublicAfricaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN
ChadAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
ChileSouth AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickYNone[41]
ChinaAsiaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
ColombiaSouth AmericaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN
ComorosAfricaImport onlyRed XNRed XN[2][11]
Congo, Democratic Republic ofAfricaGreen tickY (LNG only)Red XNRed XNXOF 120023% (2015, Kinshasa)[42]
Costa RicaCentral AmericaRed XNRed XNRed XNDue to active opposition [2]
CroatiaEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYLNG only available without prescription if over 16 years old€25,60 (UPA)

€21,40 (LNG)

[43][21]
CubaCaribbeanGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY[44]
CuracoCaribbeanGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)None[45]
CyprusEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone€29,42 (UPA)Only UPA is available due to financial crisis [46][21]
Czech RepublicEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY†None (UPA)

†Under 17s need a prescription (LNG)

 €24,50 (UPA)

€21,00 (LNG)

≥84%[20][47][48]
DenmarkEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone€23,36 (UPA)

€12,45 (LNG)

45%[49][50][21]
DjiboutiAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
Dominican RepublicCentral AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
East TimorOceaniaRed XNRed XNRed XNDue to conflict in the region [2]
EcuadorSouth AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (only at public health clinics)NoneFree at public health premises[13][14]
EgyptAfricaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN[51]
El SalvadorCentral AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
Equatorial GuineaAfricaImport only[2] Pregnant girls are forced to leave school.[52]
EritreaAfricaImport only[2]
EstoniaEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY (LNG only)€18,73 (UPA)

€15,79 (LNG)

 [53]
EthiopiaAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
FijiOceaniaImport only[2]
FinlandEuropeGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickYNone€33,60 (UPA)

€18,87 (LNG)

>90%[54]Sometimes provided free of charge in hospitals and family planning clinics[55][56][21]
FranceEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickY (LNG only)Green tickY€18,88 (UPA)

€6,75 (LNG)

LNG is free for under 18s. LNG and UPA are free from family planning clinics[57][58][21]
GabonAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY49%[59]
GambiaAfricaImport OnlyRed XNRed XN[60][11]
GeorgiaCaucasusGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
GermanyEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYParental consent if under 14 years old[61]€30 (UPA)

€18 (LNG)

 If under 20 years old, free with prescription[62][63]
GhanaAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickYNone4-19 Cedis64%[59][64]
GreeceEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone€25.77 (UPA)

€7 (LNG)

[21][65]
GuatemalaCentral AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)None[66]
Guinea-BissauAfricaImport only[2]
Guinea-ConakryAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
GuyanaCaribbeanGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)Guy $1000-$250030%[67]
HaitiCaribbeanGreen tickY19%[68] / 58%[69][2]
HungaryEuropeGreen tickYRed XNRed XNAnecdotally easy to get without prescription along borders[70]
HondurasCentral AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickYN/AN/AAfter having been available one for cases of rape, it became legal for universal access in March 2023.[71][72]
Hong KongAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN[73]
IcelandEuropeGreen tickY (LNG only)Green tickYGreen tickY[74]
IndiaAsiaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY<33%[75]
IndonesiaAsiaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
IranAsiaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
IraqAsiaImport only[2]
IrelandEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNo age restriction[76][21]
IsraelMiddle EastGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickYNoneILS 166 (UPA)

ILS 55-100 (LNG)

[77]
ItalyEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY[21]
Ivory CoastAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
JamaicaCentral AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
JapanAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN[78][79]
JordanMiddle EastRed XNRed XNRed XN[2]
KazakhstanAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN€15,10 (UPA)

€5,54 (LNG)

Easy to get without prescription along borders[80]
KenyaAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickYNoneKsh20059%[59][81]
KiribatiPolynesiaImport only[2]
KosovoEuropeGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
KuwaitAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN[82]
KyrgyzstanAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN[83]
LaosAsiaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY
LatviaEuropeGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY[84]
LebanonAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN
LesothoAfricaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN35%[59]
LibyaAfricaRed XNRed XNRed XNDue to conflict in the region[2]
LithuaniaEuropeGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)≥84%[20][85]
LuxembourgEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY[21]
MadagascarAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY[86]
MalawiAfricaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY45%[59]
MalaysiaAsiaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY$1.30-5.00 (LNG)
MaldivesAsiaImport onlyRed XNRed XN[2][11]
MaliAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
MaltaEuropeGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY€37,94 (UPA)

€19,90 (LNG)

 Available since 2016 after a judicial protest from the Women's Rights Foundation[87][88] There remains a common misconception that it is an abortifacient
MauritaniaAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
MauritiusIndian OceanGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
MexicoNorth AmericaGreen tickYGreen tickY (LNG only)Green tickYNoneFree in family planning centres75%[89]
MicronesiaOceaniaRed XNRed XNRed XNPossibly due to small population [2]
MoldovaEuropeGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY€17,03 (UPA)

€8,04 (LNG) †
€4,21 – €4,73 (Mifepristone)

 62% (2012)† Free for women under 21 and in cases of rape at Youth Friendly Health Centres[90]
MontenegroEuropeRed XNPossibly due to small population [2]
MoroccoAfricaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY[91]
MozambiqueAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
MyanmarAsiaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNoneUnder Ks1,000Sale was stopped by authorities during holidays[92][93]
NepalAsiaGreen tickY(LNG only)Green tickYGreen tickYRs. 100-150[94]28% (2011)[95] Sales increased rapidly from 2015, so awareness data is possibly out of date [94]
NetherlandsEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone€35 (UPA)

€15 (LNG)

Reimbursed under prescription [21]
New ZealandOceaniaGreen tickY (LNG only)Red XNGreen tickYNone [96]$35–$50[97][98]
NigerAfricaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY4% (2012)[99]
NigeriaAfricaGreen tickY(LNG only)Green tickYGreen tickYNone~$1.0030% (2013)[100]
North KoreaAsiaRed XNDue to conflict in the region[2]
NorwayEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone€32,80 (UPA)

€24,60 (LNG)

Often free of charge of needy patients [101][102]
OmanMiddle EastRed XNRed XNRed XN[103]
PakistanAsiaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
Papua New GuineaOceaniaImport only[2]
ParaguaySouth AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickYFree at some public hospitals,

Gs. 35.000 otherwise

 [104]
PeruSouth AmericaGreen tickYRed XNRed XNNoneFreeMany found to be counterfeit[105]
PhilippinesAsiaRed XNDue to active opposition[2]
PolandEuropeGreen tickYRed XNRed XN≥84%[20][106] Common misconception that it acts like an abortifacient[20]
PortugalEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYFree from family planning centres, €12 otherwise[107][21]
QatarMiddle EastRed XNRed XNRed XN[2]
RomaniaEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone€20 (UPA)

€13 (LNG)

≥84%[20][108][21]
RussiaAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN€7,55 (LNG)≥84%[20]De facto sold over counter, only LNG available[109]
RwandaAfricaImport onlyRed XNRed XN[2][11]
Saint Kitts & NevisWest IndiesRed XNPossibly due to small population [2]
Saint Vincent & GrenadinesCaribbeanImport only[2]
SamoaOceaniaGreen tickY†Red XNRed XN4.7%[110]†Available only at the TTM National Referral Hospital in Apia, reportedly to discourage ‘abuse’ by either nurses or client.[111]
São Tomé and PríncipeAfricaImport onlyRed XNRed XN[2][11]
Saudi ArabiaMiddle EastRed XNRed XNRed XN6.2% [112]Prescription may have been available in the past, but it appears to be banned.[112][113][114]
SenegalAfricaGreen tickYRed XNRed XNNone$10.36 (UPA)

$7.50 (LNG)

 13% [115][116]
SerbiaEuropeGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
SeychellesAfricaImport only[2]
Sierra LeoneAfricaGreen tickY (LNG only)Red XNRed XN6.2%[117]30% of girls have their first child before turning 18. Pregnant girls are forced to leave school.[52][118]
SingaporeAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN[119]
SlovakiaEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone€27 (UPA)

€22 (LNG)

[120][21]
SloveniaEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY[21]
Solomon IslandsOceaniaImport only[2]
SomaliaAfricaRed XNDue to conflict in the region[2]
South AfricaAfricaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYR86,68–100,75 (LNG) 23% [121][122]
South KoreaAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN[123]
South SudanAfricaImport only[2]
SpainEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone≥84%[20][124][21]
Sri LankaAsiaGreen tickY (LNG only)Red XNGreen tickYRs.90-150[125]
SudanAfricaRed XNDue to conflict in the region[2]
SurinameSouth AmericaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
SwedenEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYNone€25 (UPA)

€17 (LNG) Free from youth centres

[126][127][21]
SwitzerlandEuropeGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY€32,85 (UPA)

€17,50 (LNG)

[128]
SyriaAsiaImport only[2]
TaiwanAsiaGreen tickYRed XNRed XN[129]
TajikistanAsiaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
TanzaniaAfricaGreen tickY (LNG only)Red XNRed XN$5.0011.8%[130]Twenty percent of 15-19-year-old girls become pregnant, and are forced to leave school.[52][131]
ThailandAsiaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
TongaPolynesiaImport only[2]
TunisiaAfricaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY
TurkeyAsiaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY€12[132]
TuvaluPolynesiaRed XNPossibly due to small population[2]
UAEMiddle EastRed XNRed XNRed XNN/AN/ABanned because of the misconception that it is an abortifacient.[133][134]
United KingdomEuropeGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYOver 16 without prescriptionFree from health care professionals≥84%[20][135][21]
United States of AmericaNorth AmericaGreen tickY (80%)[136]Green tickY(LNG only)Green tickY(LNG only)None[137]$40–50 USD (LNG)[138][139]45%[140][139]"roughly 1 in ten teens were incorrectly told they were too young to get [emergency contraception] without a prescription."[136]
UruguaySouth AmericaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYAdult only[141]
UzbekistanAsiaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY
VanuatuOceaniaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickY1000 VatuPersonal experience in Port Vila, Efate 2018
VenezuelaSouth AmericaRed XN†Red XNGreen tickY†Technically available, but rare and prohibitively expensive due to economic collapse [142][143][144]
VietnamAsiaGreen tickYRed XNGreen tickY (LNG only)[145]
West Bank and GazaMiddle EastImport only[2]
Western SaharaAfricaRed XNDue to conflict in the region and a small population[2]
ZambiaAfricaGreen tickYGreen tickYGreen tickYFree of charge at public health institutions[146]7.5%[146][147]

References

  1. ↑ "Countries with non-prescription access to EC". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 "Emergency Contraceptive Pill Registration Status by Country" (PDF).
  3. ↑ "Albania". Archived from the original on 20 September 2020.
  4. ↑ "Emergency Contraception in Albania" (PDF). escrh.eu. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
  5. ↑ Doci, Florida; Thaci, Jonida; Foster, Angel M. (August 2018). "Emergency contraception in Albania: a multimethods qualitative study of awareness, knowledge, attitudes and practices". Contraception. 98 (2): 110–114. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2018.03.033. PMID 29654750. S2CID 4886232.
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  7. ↑ "Algeria". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  8. ↑ "Andorra: EC pills to be sold without prescription". European Consortium for Emergency Contraception. 6 June 2018.
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  27. ↑ "Belgium".
  28. ↑ "Belarus".
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  32. ↑ "Bosnia and Herzegovina".
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  34. ↑ "Brazil". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
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  44. ↑ "Cuba". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
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  65. ↑ "Greece".
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  81. ↑ "Kenya". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
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  85. ↑ "Lithuania - ECEC". ECEC. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  86. ↑ "Madagascar". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  87. ↑ "Two new morning-after pills approved for sale".
  88. ↑ "Malta". European Consortium for Emergency Contraception. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  89. ↑ "Mexico".
  90. ↑ "Republic of Moldova".
  91. ↑ "Morocco". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  92. ↑ "Time for new thinking on contraception". The Myanmar Times. April 24, 2015.
  93. ↑ "Doctors Warn of Rising 'Morning-After Pill' Use, Abuse in Burma". 23 January 2014.
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  96. ↑ "How young is too young for contraception?". 4 December 2015.
  97. ↑ "How much does contraception cost?".
  98. ↑ Levonorgestrel emergency contraception and weight-based efficacy (PDF) (Report). p. 6.
  99. ↑ "Niger".
  100. ↑ "Nigeria".
  101. ↑ "Norway".
  102. ↑ "Norway - ECEC". ECEC. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  103. ↑ "Oman". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  104. ↑ "La Anticoncepción de Emergencia en Paraguay - Panorama - TakingITGlobal". www.tigweb.org. Retrieved 2020-06-18.
  105. ↑ "Nearly one-third of morning-after pills in Peru are fake". 2014-04-18.
  106. ↑ Boffey, Daniel (26 June 2017). "Polish government widely condemned over morning-after pill law". the Guardian.
  107. ↑ "Morning After Pill in Europe: Where You Can & Can't Find it". 20 December 2016.
  108. ↑ "Romania".
  109. ↑ "Russian Federation".
  110. ↑ "Samoa". International Consortium for Emergergency Contraception.
  111. ↑ SAMOA Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights Needs Assessment (PDF) (Report). April 2015. p. 20.
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  114. ↑ "Riyadh - Gynopedia". gynopedia.org. 17 February 2019.
  115. ↑ Savage-Oyekunle, Oluremi A (2017). "Adolescents' access to emergency contraception in Africa: An empty promise?". African Human Rights Law Journal. 17 (2): 475–526. doi:10.17159/1996-2096/2017/v17n2a7. hdl:2263/64158.
  116. ↑ "Senegal". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  117. ↑ "Sierra Leone". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  118. ↑ Mitchell, Hannah (July 20, 2017). "Sierra Leone: teenage girls are dying from unsafe abortions and risky pregnancies" – via www.theguardian.com.
  119. ↑ "Emergency Contraception". aware.org.sg. Retrieved 2018-03-04.
  120. ↑ "Slovakia".
  121. ↑ Smit, Jennifer; McFadyen, Lynn; Beksinska, Mags; De Pinho, Helen; Morroni, Chelsea; Mqhayi, Mmabatho; Parekh, Angina; Zuma, Khangelani (2001). "Emergency contraception in South Africa: Knowledge, attitudes, and use among public sector primary healthcare clients". Contraception. 64 (6): 333–337. doi:10.1016/S0010-7824(01)00272-4. PMID 11834230.
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  123. ↑ "South Korea". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  124. ↑ "Reportaje - La píldora poscoital ya es libre. Y no es aborto". El País. 12 May 2009 – via elpais.com.
  125. ↑ "Sri Lanka".
  126. ↑ "Akut-p-piller". sjukvardsradgivningen.se (in Swedish). 2006-10-25. Retrieved 2009-02-10.
  127. ↑ "Sweden".
  128. ↑ "Switzerland".
  129. ↑ "Taiwan". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  130. ↑ "Tanzania". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  131. ↑ Makoye, Kizito (June 26, 2017). "Tanzania's ban on pregnant girls in school violates basic rights: campaigners". Reuters – via www.reuters.com.
  132. ↑ "Turkey".
  133. ↑ "UAE doctors call for end to ban on morning-after pill". The National. 20 February 2015.
  134. ↑ Rebecca Roberts (26 March 2019). "Everything You Should Know About the Contraceptive Pill in UAE". Expat Women.
  135. ↑ "Contraception: past, present and future". UK Family Planning Association. April 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-09-28. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
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  137. ↑ Belluck, Pam (2013-04-05). "Judge Strikes Down Age Limits on Morning-After Pill". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  138. ↑ "What is the Plan B Morning-After Pill | Cost & Effectiveness". www.plannedparenthood.org. Retrieved 2018-06-15.
  139. 1 2 "Types of Emergency Contraception". Princeton University: Office of Population Research. 15 August 2017. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  140. ↑ Payakachat, Nalin; Ragland, Denise; Houston, Cherri (14 April 2018). "Impact of emergency contraception status on unintended pregnancy: observational data from a women's health practice". Pharmacy Practice. 8 (3): 173–178. doi:10.4321/s1886-36552010000300004. PMC 4127052. PMID 25126137.
  141. ↑ "Uruguay". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception.
  142. ↑ Albaladejo, Angelika (March 23, 2018). "Contraceptive shortages mean Venezuela's people face a sexual health emergency". BMJ. 360: k1197. doi:10.1136/bmj.k1197. PMID 29572318. S2CID 4237896 – via www.bmj.com.
  143. ↑ "Venezuela pill shortage triggers rise in teenage pregnancies". BBC News. January 10, 2018.
  144. ↑ "Venezuela".
  145. ↑ "Vietnam".
  146. 1 2 N C Chavuma; D O Chanda; B Vwalika (2010). "Emergency Contraception Among Women With Abortion At University Teaching Hospital In Lusaka, Zambia". Medical Journal of Zambia. 37 (4).
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