Small-leaved gum
Eucalyptus parvula in Batemans Bay Botanic Gardens
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. parvula
Binomial name
Eucalyptus parvula
Synonyms[1]

Eucalyptus parvifolia Cambage nom. illeg.

Eucalyptus parvula, commonly known as small-leaved gum,[2] is a species of small tree that is endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It has mostly smooth bark, elliptical to lance-shaped adult leaves but with many juvenile of intermediate leaves in the crown, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped fruit.

Description

Eucalyptus parvula is a tree with a compact crown and that typically grows to a height of 10–15 m (33–49 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth greyish bark that is shed in long ribbons, often with persistent rough, flaky or fibrous bark at the base of the trunk. Young plants and coppice regrowth have sessile, glossy green, elliptical to egg-shaped or lance shaped leaves that are 16–40 mm (0.63–1.57 in) long, 9–13 mm (0.35–0.51 in) wide and arranged in opposite pairs. Adult leaves are lance-shaped, the same shade of dull green on both sides, 40–70 mm (1.6–2.8 in) long and 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in) wide on a petiole up to 5 mm (0.20 in) long. The crown of mature trees characteristically contains large numbers of juvenile and intermediate leaves.[2][3][4]

The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle 2–7 mm (0.079–0.276 in) long, the individual buds sessile. Mature buds are oval to spindle-shaped, about 4 mm (0.16 in) long and 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) wide with a conical to rounded operculum. Flowering occurs from January to March and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, cup-shaped capsule 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) wide with the valves near rim level.[2][3][4][5]

Taxonomy

Small-leaved gum was first formally described in 1909 by Richard Hind Cambage in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales.[6][7] Cambage gave it the name Eucalyptus parvifolia but that name had already been given to a fossil species by John Strong Newberry in 1895 and was therefore a nomen illegitimum. In 1991, Lawrie Johnson and Ken Hill changed the name to E. parvula.[8][9] The specific epithet (parvula) is from Latin, meaning "very small".[10]

Distribution and habitat

Eucalyptus parvula grassy in grassy woodland in cold, damp places on the Southern Tablelands near Badja Cathcart east of Cooma.[2][3]

Conservation status

This eucalypt is listed as "vulnerable" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and as "endangered" under the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016. The main threat to the species is grazing by domestic livestock.[11][12]

Use in horticulture

Small-leaved gum has a compact, rounded shaped with branches close to the ground, making it an ideal specimen plant for small gardens. It is suitable for cold, damp situations and relatively resistant to pests and diseases.[5] In cultivation in the UK, it has received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[13]

References

  1. 1 2 "Eucalyptus parvula". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Hill, Ken. "Eucalyptus parvula". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 "Eucalyptus parvula". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
  4. 1 2 Brooker, M. Ian H.; Kleinig, David A. (1994). Field Guide to Eucalypts. Melbourne: Inkata Press. p. 191. ISBN 0909605629.
  5. 1 2 Ollerenshaw, Nora. "Eucalyptus parvula". Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  6. ↑ "Eucalyptus parvifolia". APNI. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  7. ↑ Cambage, Richard H. (1909). "Description of a new species of Eucalyptus from the Monaro District". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 34: 336–339. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  8. ↑ "Eucalyptus parvula". APNI. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  9. ↑ Johnson, Lawrence A.S.; Hill, Kenneth D. (1991). "Systematic studies in the eucalypts – 3. New taxa in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae)". Telopea. 4 (2): 233.
  10. ↑ Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 271. ISBN 9780958034180.
  11. ↑ "Approved Conservation Advice for Eucalyptus parvula (Small-leaved Gum)" (PDF). Australian Government Department of Environment. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  12. ↑ "Small-leaved gum – profile". New South Wales Government Office of Environment and Heritage. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  13. ↑ "Eucalyptus parvula". RHS. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
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