George Fitzmaurice | |
|---|---|
 Fitzmaurice tombstone, Mount Jerome Cemetery | |
| Born | 28 January 1877 Bedford House, Listowel, County Kerry, Ireland |
| Died | 12 May 1963 (aged 86) 3 Harcourt Street, Dublin |
| Resting place | Mount Jerome Cemetery |
| Occupation | Playwright |
| Language | English |
| Nationality | Irish |
| Genre | Theatre |
George Fitzmaurice (28 January 1877 – 12 May 1963) was an Irish dramatist and short story writer, some of whose plays were broadcast on Radio Éireann.
Early life
George Fitzmaurice was born at Bedford House, Listowel, County Kerry on 28 January 1877.[1] He attended Duagh National School and later St. Michael's College, Listowel. He was brought up in the Protestant faith as his father was a Protestant clergyman and was the vicar of St. John's Church, Listowel.[2] Fitzmaurice's father died when he was fourteen years old and the family fortune declined. Fitzmaurice took a job in Dublin as a clerk in The Congested Districts Board. In 1916 he enlisted in the British Army and returned to Dublin after the war and was diagnosed with neurasthenia, rendering him fearful of crowds.[2] On his return to Dublin after the war, he took up a position working for the Land Commission.[3]
Family life
Fitzmaurice and his eleven siblings were the children of a mixed marriage. He and his brothers were brought up as Protestants and his sisters were brought up as Roman Catholics. His family home at Bedford, together with its extensive lands had to be given up as collateral in respect of a £60 debt owed to the local butcher.[4][2] Neither Fitzmaurice nor any of his eleven siblings were to marry or have any offspring.[5][6] He was the last Fitzmaurice of Duagh. There are no photographs of Fitzmaurice other than a sketch of him in later life.[4]
Career
Fitzmaurice's first success was in 1907, with an Abbey Theatre production of his comedy The Country Dressmaker which featured one of Fitzmaurice's most famous characters, Luke Quilter, "The man from the mountain". This character's appearance in the play proved to be a favourite with his audience, to the surprise of W.B. Yeats. The play's commercial success brought necessary income to the Abbey Theatre in 1907.[1][7]
Fitzmaurice's second play was a dramatic fantasy called The Pie Dish. It was heavily rejected and slated by critics and considered blasphemous. This led to the rejection of another of his plays called The Dandy Dolls which is now understood as another of his best plays. It was produced in the Abbey Theatre in 1969, six years after Fitzmaurice died.[1][8]
The Country Dressmaker was broadcast on Radio Éireann Players, during his lifetime, some of his dramatic works were produced by poet Austin Clarke in Lyric Theatre, Dublin. In 1923 his play Twixt by Giltinans and the Carmodys was also performed in the Abbey and eight more of his plays were printed in the literary journey The Dublin Magazine from 1924 to 1925.[8]
Later life and death
The effects of having fought in World War I led to him becoming "increasingly became reclusive as time passed”.[8] With a fear of travelling and people or crowds, he spent his later years following "monotonous routines in Dublin".[1] In 1963, Fitzmaurice died in poverty at his home at 3 Harcourt Street, and was buried in Mount Jerome cemetery.[8]
In 1965, RTÉ reported that "the works of George Fitzmaurice are now undergoing something of a revival." A fellow Kerry playwright, John B Keane stated at the time that Fitzmaurice was increasingly being recognised as the great dramatist he truly was. He also describes his work as having "practical clarity of speech coupled with a great conciseness, and a tightness in his writing and in his construction". Michael Connor, the man who owned the Fitzmaurice property in Duagh recounted that he often saw Fitzmaurice in the town after his retirement from the civil service but by that time the dramatist had completely lost interest in seeing his own plays on the stage.[8]
Slaughter recalls that "In Fitzmaurice’s room were no pictures of himself, few personal mementos, but he did have a copy of almost every play he had published, as well as the few in draft forms no one knew of. Besides his personal clothing, there was little else."[9] Fitzmaurice died without leaving a will. In his native Daugh, The George Fitzmaurice Library was founded, and on 14 October 1995 a headstone that was sculpted by a local and commissioned by the Duagh Historical Society, was placed over Fitzmaurice's grave.[4]
Selected works
Plays
Similar to the plays of Synge, Fitzmaurice's plays are characterised by strong if not bitter realism mixed with outlandish modes of speech typical of the Irish people of that time.
- The Pie-Dish, 1908
- The Moonlighter, 1912
- The Dandy Dolls (written 1911, published 1914, first staged in 1945)
- The Country Dressmaker, 1914
- ’Twixt the Giltinans and the Carmodys, 1923.
Fiction
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 "George Fitzmaurice". Kerry Writers Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
- 1 2 3 "Life at Ricorso". Ricorso.net.
- ↑ rcondon. "HOME". Kerry Museum. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- 1 2 3 4 "Welcome to Duagh – GoKerry". www.gokerry.ie. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
- ↑ http://www.limerickleader.ie 23 May 2020 John B. Keane out in the open: a pathetic note near death bed
- ↑ Cork examiner 13 December 2005 ''the life of George Fitzmaurice''
- ↑ Hogan, Robert (1967). After the Irish Renaissance: A Critical History of the Irish Drama Since the Plough and the Stars. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 9780816604579.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Kerry Playwright Rediscovered". RTÉ Archives. 27 August 1965. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
- 1 2 Slaughter, Howard K. (1972). George Fitzmaurice and his enchanted land. Dublin: Dolmen Press. ISBN 0-85105-199-5. OCLC 812983.
- ↑ "History". Abbey Theatre. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
- ↑ Brennan, F., 2005. George Fitzmaurice: "Wild In His Own Way" Biography Of An Abbey Playwright. Dublin, Ireland: The Arts Council.