George Oscar Cress
Born(1862-09-18)18 September 1862
Warsaw, Illinois
Died8 May 1954(1954-05-08) (aged 91)
Oakland, California
Allegiance United States of America
Service/branchUnited States Army
Years of service1884–1926
RankBrigadier General
Battles/warsPhilippine–American War
Mexican Punitive Expedition
World War I

George Oscar Cress (18 September 1862 – 8 May 1954) was a United States military officer. He mostly served in various departmental and staff capacities and also taught as a professor of Military Science and Tactics.

Early life and education

Cress was born on 18 September 1862 in Warsaw, Illinois to George and Mary Cress.[1] In 1884, he graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he was a classmate of generals DeRosey C. Cabell and William L. Sibert, as well as Isaac Newton Lewis,[2] the inventor of the Lewis gun. Later in 1911, he graduated from the Army War College.[1]

Military career

After graduating from the USMA, Cress was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 7th Cavalry and from 1884 to 1889 served on the U.S. frontier.[3] After his frontier duty, Cress was a professor of military science and tactics at Knox College in Galesburg, Illinois from 1889 to 1893.[1][2][4] In 1891, he was transferred to the 4th Cavalry and, after his tenure as professor, was stationed at Fort Walla Walla in Washington state until 1897. Cress was then sent to Yellowstone National Park from 1897 to 1898, where he served in various commanding duties including as Quartermaster and Commissary and later as Acting Superintendent; after leaving Yellowstone, Cress was promoted to captain in 1899.[4]

Cress later served with the cavalry in the Philippine–American War from 1899 to 1900 under the ill-fated General Henry Lawton. His distinction while in command of Troop G, 4th Cavalry earned him the nickname "Tiger of Luzon".[5][6][7] After the Philippines, Cress acted as Constructing Quartermaster at the Cavalry School in Fort Riley, Kansas. He then returned to teaching Military Science and Tactics, this time at the Michigan Military Academy in Orchard Lake from 1904 to 1908.[1][2][5] Cress later participated in the Mexican Punitive Expedition as a member of General John J. Pershing's staff. He was also part of the Inspector General's Department from 1916 until in 1918, when the U.S. entered World War I. Cress then organized the 49th Field Artillery Brigade and was promoted to brigadier general of the National Army on 1 October 1918, serving at that rank until 1 March 1919. After the war, Cress was in charge of militia affairs in the Southern Department and later became the commander of Columbus Barracks on 6 October 1919. He retired in September 1926 at the rank of colonel upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 64. Cress was advanced to brigadier general on the retired list in June 1930.[1][2][8]

Personal life and death

Cress was married to Donna Scott Dean (30 October 1859 – 27 March 1957) on 26 May 1886.[2][9] They had one son, Major General James B. Cress, who was a 1914 West Point graduate, and one daughter, Cornelia Van Ness Cress (20 November 1894 – 30 July 1979), who served as a Red Cross nurse during World War I and then operated a horse riding school from 1928 to 1954 at Mills College in Oakland, California.[7][10]

Cress died at the Oak Knoll Naval Hospital in Oakland on 8 May 1954.[2][6] He was interred at San Francisco National Cemetery.[11]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Inc, ed.: Marquis Who's Who (1975). Who was who in American history, the military (76 bicentennial ed.). Chicago: Marquis Who's Who. p. 115. ISBN 0-8379-3201-7. {{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help)
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Davis, Henry Blaine (1998). Generals in khaki. Raleigh, NC: Pentland Press. pp. 87–88. ISBN 1-57197-088-6.
  3. ↑ Cullum, George W. (1891). Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y. from its establishment in 1802, to 1890: With the early history of the United States Military Academy. Vol. 3. The Riverside Press. p. 382. OCLC 1417240. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  4. 1 2 Cullum, George W. (1901). Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S. Military academy, from 1802 to 1867. Rev. ed., with a supplement continuing the register of graduates to January 1, 1879. Vol. 4. Cambridge: Riverside Press. p. 394. OCLC 00312522. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  5. 1 2 Cullum, George W. (1910). Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S. Military Academy of West Point, N.Y. from its establishment, in 1802, to 1890. With The early history of the United States Military Academy. Vol. 5. Saginaw, MI: Seeman & Peters, Printers. p. 362. OCLC 05206552. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  6. 1 2 "Gen. G. O. Cress, 91, Cavalry Officer: Veteran of the Philippine and Mexican Campaigns Dies—Career Spanned 40 Years" (PDF). The New York Times. 10 May 1954. p. 23. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  7. 1 2 Chynoweth, Bradford Grethen (January 1955). "George Oscar Cress". Assembly. Vol. XIII, no. 4. p. 43. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  8. ↑ Official Army Register. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1 January 1933. p. 801. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  9. ↑ "Cress, Dora D". Nationwide Gravesite Locator. National Cemetery Administration. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  10. ↑ "Cornelia Cress" (PDF). Trail Blazer. January–February 1989. pp. 1–5. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  11. ↑ "Cress, George Oscar". Nationwide Gravesite Locator. National Cemetery Administration. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
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