Gibbon River
Bison grazing near the Gibbon River in Yellowstone National Park
Location
CountryUnited States
StateWyoming
CountyTeton County
RegionYellowstone National Park
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • coordinates44°45′10″N 110°33′57″W / 44.75278°N 110.56583°W / 44.75278; -110.56583 (Gibbon River)
 • elevation6,795 feet (2,071 m)
Mouth 
 • coordinates
44°38′32″N 110°51′56″W / 44.64222°N 110.86556°W / 44.64222; -110.86556 (Gibbon river)[1]
Length~25 miles (40 km)[2]
Basin size126 square miles (330 km2)[3]
Discharge 
 • locationMadison Junction
 • average127 cu/ft. per sec.[4]
Basin features
River systemMissouri River

The Gibbon River flows east of the Continental Divide in Yellowstone National Park, in northwestern Wyoming, the Northwestern United States. Along with the Firehole River, it is a major tributary of the Madison River, which itself is a tributary of the Missouri River.

Description

The Gibbon River rises in the center of the park at Grebe Lake. It flows for a short distance into Wolf Lake. Below Wolf Lake, the river flows through Virginia Cascades into the Norris valley. It flows near the Norris Geyser Basin and through the Gibbon Geyser Basin. From there it flows through the Gibbon River Canyon to its confluence with the Firehole River to form the Madison River. Early maps listed the river as Gibbons Fork or the East Fork of the Madison River. The river between Norris and Madison Junction is paralleled by the Grand Loop Road. The river, along with Gibbon Falls, is named for Colonel John Gibbon,[5] U.S. Army who participated in the 1872 Hayden Geological Survey of Yellowstone.

Angling

The Gibbon River is a popular trout fishing destination. The upper section of river has very difficult access being choked with thick forests and much downed timber. The fish, consisting of brook trout, rainbow trout and grayling, are all on the small side, rarely exceeding 10 inches (250 mm). Below Gibbon Falls access is excellent and the river has a healthy mix of rainbow and brown trout. The lower river receives a good run of spawning browns in the fall.[6][7]

The Gibbon River is fly fishing only and catch and release below Gibbon Falls. Above the falls, any grayling or cutthroat trout caught must be released. An unlimited number of brook, rainbow or brown trout may be harvested daily in the waters above the falls.[8]

Native trout restoration

In 2017 the NPS embarked on a multi-year native trout restoration project in the upper Gibbon watershed. Lakes (Grebe and Wolf) along with tributaries and the main stem of the Gibbon above Virginia Cascades have been poisoned with Rotenone to remove non-native rainbow, brown and brook trout as well as non-native lacustrine arctic grayling from the watershed. When the removal is complete, the NPS will stock native westslope cutthroat trout and fluvial Arctic grayling in the upper Gibbon watershed to create a refuge for these species in the park. Although labeled a restoration project, neither species were indigenous to the upper Gibbon watershed.[9]

The Gibbon Meadows wolf pack

In late 2003, the Yellowstone Wolf Project noted the formation of a group of 5 wolves, consisting of members of the Cougar Creek and Nez Perce Pack, in the Gibbon Meadows-Norris Area of the park. Their recognition as a wolf pack was attributed following the successful reproduction of the group in 2004, raising 2 pups to year end.[10][11] The pack emigrated out of the national park into the Centennial Mountains of Montana and Idaho by 2010.[12]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Gibbon River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  2. ↑ Trails Illustrated-Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone National Park (303) (Map) (Revised ed.). 1:63360. National Geographic Maps. 2008. ISBN 1-56695-304-9.
  3. ↑ "USGS Site Map for Montana, USGS 06037100 Gibbon River at Madison Jct, YNP". Retrieved 2012-06-18.
  4. ↑ "USGS Surface Water data for Montana: USGS Surface-Water Annual Statistics". waterdata.usgs.gov.
  5. ↑ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. p. 137.
  6. ↑ Mathews, Craig; Molinero, Clayton (1997). The Yellowstone Fly-Fishing Guide-A authoritative guide to the waters of Yellowstone National Park. Guilford, CT: The Lyons Press. ISBN 1-55821-545-X.
  7. ↑ Parks, Richard (1998). Fishing Yellowstone National Park. Helena, MT: Falcon Press. ISBN 1-56044-625-0.
  8. ↑ "Fish in Yellowstone's Northwest". National Park Service. Retrieved June 17, 2020.
  9. ↑ "Yellowstone continues to restore native fish with Gibbon River project". Bozemandailychronicle.com. February 2022.
  10. ↑ "Yellowstone Wolf Project, Annual Report 2003" (PDF). Retrieved 2022-03-10.
  11. ↑ "Yellowstone Wolf Project, Annual Report 2004" (PDF). Retrieved 2022-03-10.
  12. ↑ "Yellowstone Wolf Project, Annual Report 2010" (PDF). Retrieved 2022-03-10.

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gibbon River.
  • Back, Howard (1938). The Waters of the Yellowstone with Rod and Fly. New York: Dodd & Mead.
  • Parks, Richard (1998). Fishing Yellowstone National Park. Helena, MT: Falcon Press. ISBN 1-56044-625-0.
  • Brooks, Charles E. (1979). The Living River-A Fisherman's Intimate Profile of the Madison River Watershed--Its History, Ecology, Lore and Angling Opportunities. Garden City, NJ: Nick Lyons Books. ISBN 0-385-15655-3.
  • Mathews, Craig; Molinero, Clayton (1997). The Yellowstone Fly-Fishing Guide-A authoritative guide to the waters of Yellowstone National Park. Guilford, CT: The Lyons Press. ISBN 1-55821-545-X.
  • Brooks, Charles E. (1984). Fishing Yellowstone Waters. Clinton, NJ: New Win Publishing Inc. ISBN 0-8329-0353-1.
  • Staples, Bruce; Jacklin, Bob (2021). Fly Fishing West Yellowstone-A History and Guide. Guilford, CT: Stackpole Books. ISBN 9780811738255.
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