Yi Wongye
Grand Prince of Joseon (posthumously)
BornYi Won-gye
1330
Kingdom of Goryeo?
Died23 October 1388 (aged 58/9)
Hwaju, Hamgyeong-do, Kingdom of Goryeo
SpouseLady Gim
Lady Gim
Lady Mun
Issue4 sons and 4 daughters
Posthumous name
  • Count Wansan (완산백, 完山伯; given in 1392 by King Taejo)
  • Grand Prince Wanpung (완풍대군, 完豊大君; given in 1872 by King Gojong)
HouseHouse of Yi
FatherYi Jachun
MotherLady, of the Hansan Yi clan
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationWanpung Daegun
McCune–ReischauerWan'pung Taegun
Art name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationBulsajae
McCune–ReischauerPul'sach'ae
Birth name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationYi Wongye
McCune–ReischauerI Wonk'ye
Posthumous name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationYangpyeong
McCune–ReischauerYangpy'ŏng

Yi Won-gye (1330–1388) or formally called Grand Prince Wanpung, was a warrior and painter in the late Goryeo periods who became part of the early Joseon dynasty royal family member as the oldest child and son of Yi Jachun, making him half brother to Yi Seonggye, its founder.

After repulsed the Hong Geon-jeok rebellion and Japanese rebellion in the late Goryeo dynasty era, Yi was appointed as the Prince Cheoksan (척산군, 陟山君) and later Prince Wansan (완산군, 完山君). He was recorded to died a few days after leaving a desperate poem and knowing that his brother wanted to destroy Goryeo and made a new dynasty by poisoned himself and committed suicide in 1388. Then, after the Joseon dynasty was established in 1392, he was given title as Count Wansan (완산백, 完山伯) and formally became a "daegun" in 1872 during King Gojong's reign.

Biography

Early life

Born in 1330 (17th years reign of King Chungsuk of Goryeo) at Heukseok village, Hwaryeong Mansion (화령부, 和寧府) in Ssangseonggwanbu (nowadays is Yeongheung-bu, Hamgyeong-do) in the Yuan dynasty as the oldest child and son of Yi Jachun (이자춘), from his first wife who came from the Hansan Yi clan. His ancestors lived in Jeonju for generations and moved to Ssangseong Prefectures in the Yuan dynasty.

However, he lost his mother only at the age of 4 and he was raised by his father's second wife, Lady Choe who was Yi Seonggye's biological mother. According to the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty, Yi Won-gye and his brothers always lived together in the same place since their childhood, that caused their bond to be very strong. He mastered the scriptures of Confucianism, wrote poetry well, and was also good at horseback riding and archery.

During Hong Geon-jeok rebellion and later life

In 1359 (8th years reign of King Gongmin), a man named Hong Geon-jeok (홍건적) led an invansion in Yalu River but immediately left if after being repelled by him. He also contributed for defeating Hong in Bakju and restored Gaegyeong during the second rebellion alongside Jo Cheon-ju (조천주) and others under general An Woo (안우)'s command. Then, he received many honors and formally become Prince Cheoksan (척산군, 陟山君) from the king in 1363. Three years later, he contributed on the Ssangseong Prefecture restoration and Wokou accident along with Yi Seonggye and Yi Jachun. Later in 1375, he once again made contribution for the country.

He spent his old days in Wihwa-do and honoured as Prince Wansan (완산군, 完山君) while two years later after his death in 1388, he received his final title and honors for making big contribution during his lifetime. His title was later upgraded into Count Wansan (완산백, 完山伯) and received Yangpyeong (양평) as his Posthumous name during the reign of King Taejo

Tomb and ancestral rites

He was buried on the right side of Jeongneung tomb, which was also his father's tomb and was enshrined at Samui Temple (삼의사), Bukcheong in 1901 while later moved to Seonwon Temple (선원사), Yiwon, Hamgyeongnam-do in 1909 alongside his last poem. However, after the 1950 war in Korean, his descendants held his ancestral rites every year on the first Sunday of the 10th months in Lunar calendar at Heunggyeongdan, a branch of Cheonhyang in Neunggok-ma, Daesim-ri, Yangseo-myeon, Yangpyeong-gun, Gyeonggi-do since 1984.

Family

  1. Grand Lady of Samhan State, of the Gaeseong Gim clan (삼한국대부인 개성 김씨)
    1. Yi Yang-u, Internal Prince Wanwon (완원부원군 이양우; 1346–1417), first son
    2. Yi Cheon-u, Internal Prince Wansan (완산부원군 이천우; 1354–1417), second son
    3. Lady, of the Jeonju Yi clan (부인 전주이씨), first daughter[1]
  2. Grand Lady of Samhan State, of the Gyeongju Gim clan (삼한국대부인 경주 김씨)
    1. Yi Jo, Internal Prince Wannampyeong (완남평부원군 이조; 1356–1408), third son
  3. Grand Lady of Samhan State, of the Nampyeong Mun clan (삼한국대부인 남평 문씨); third daughter of Mun Ik-jeom (문익점).
    1. Yi Baek-on, Prince Wallyeong (완령군 이백온), fourth son
    2. Lady, of the Jeonju Yi clan (부인 전주 이씨), second daughter[2]
    3. Princess Sinhye, of the Jeonju Yi clan (신혜택주 이씨), third daughter[3]
    4. Lady, of the Jeonju Yi clan (부인 전주 이씨), fourth daughter[4]

References

  1. ↑ Firstly married Yi In-u (이인우, 李仁雨) and remarried again with Jang Dam (장담, 張湛; d. 1400) who was once a Buddhist monk.
  2. ↑ Married No Sin (노신, 盧愼).
  3. ↑ Firstly married Byeon Jung-ryang (변중량, 卞仲良) and remarried again with Yu Jeong–hyeon (유정현, 柳廷顯) who was a family relative to one of Emperor Yongle of Ming's consort.
  4. ↑ Firstly married Hong Ro (홍로, 洪魯) but divorced and remarried to Byeon Cheo-hu (변처후, 邊處厚) although at that time, King Taejong banned womens to remarried again no matter what reason is, but he made exceptions to his half-uncle's daughters (Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty–Taejong, Volume 24).
  • "완풍대군". Naver. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  • "Grand Prince Wanpung". Namu.wiki. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  • 이원계 on Encykorea (in Korean).
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