Hadavand
هداوند
Hadavand tribe on county level
Total population
2529 in 2009
(Nomadic only)[1]
Languages
Lori[2] (Balagereyve Dialect)[3] and Persian
Religion
Predominantly Shi'a Islam[3]
Related ethnic groups
Other Iranian peoples

The Hadavand tribe (/hædɑːˈvænd/; Persian: ایلِ هَداوَند also Romanized as Hedāvand[2] or Hedawand[4]) is a Lur tribe residing in Tehran province and adjacent regions.

Dispersion

Hadavand people mostly live in Tehran Province, specially in Varamin region, including Varamin, Pishva, Pakdasht, Qarchak,[3][5] other regions in Tehran province such as Shemiranat, Damavand, Robat Karim, Tehran, Karaj[6] and Lar.[7] There is also a Hadavand population in Garmsar in Semnan province.[8]

Population

Hadavand population have been as follows:

Year 19th century 1932 1973 1987 1998 2009
Population 3000[3] 2500[3] 700[3] 2692

(Nomadic only)[8]

 2357

(Nomadic only)[9]

 2529

(Nomadic only)[1]

Origins and history

Hadavand people have been categorized as a branch of Lor people. In Landlord and peasant in Persia, Ann Lambton mentions Hadavand people as nomad people originally from Khorramabad.[5] also in the book Rustic & tribal weaves from Varamin, Parviz Tanavoli mentions Hadavands as Lor people while comparing Hadavand weaves with people of Lorestan and also quoting the oral history of the Hadavand as told they were a tribe who were moved from Lorestan to Fars by Karim Khan Zand and then moved to Tehran by Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar[10] A similar version of the migration story is mentioned by Iraj Afshar Sistani in his book, Moqaddame-i bar shenakht-e il-ha, chadorneshinan va tavayef-e Iran (transl. Introduction to recognition of Nomads, Tent-dwellers and Tribes of Iran).[3] In the book, Contemporary Society: Tribal Studies, Hadavand is categorized as Lur-i Kuchak branch of Lor people.[11] Iranica also mentions Hadavands as Lor people.[12] There is also a mention of a Kurdish origin by Masoud Keyhan[13] and a Lak origin.[14]

Culture

William O. Douglas narrates in his book Strange Lands and Friendly People about his encounter with the Hadavand tribe. The tribe is described as 75 families living in tents while a khan or a chief leads the tribe. He describes a Hadavand welcoming ceremony which includes a copper tray filled with hot coals raised to the guest. He describes Hadavand women as unveiled and, though shy and retiring, friendly. He mentions that economically Hadavands are dependent on goats, sheep, their dairy products and exchange of the produce with adjacent towns and cities. [15]

Subdivisions

Hadavands were originally divided into three main tâyefes (Persian: طایفه; clan), each subsequently divided into groups known as tire (Persian: تیره). Nowadays, the name of the tribe, tâyefe, tire, or a combination of them makes up common surnames of Hadavands.

TayefeTireResidence
KhâniShirkavand, Hadavandi, Sherkevand, Kelovand, Milakhor, Selkvand, Feili, Atabaki, Akbari, Mohammado, Keovand,[16] Purjavan, Hajiha, Zomorrodi, Qasemvand, Sabzalivand, Najafzade, Shadivand, Hadivand, Chabokvand, etc. [3]Varamin, Amrabad, Qeshlaq-e Amroabad, Kazemabad, Aliabad-e Khaleseh, Kheyrabad-e Khaleseh, Zerehdar, Chenar-e Arabha, Aligudarz, Khomeyn, Ashna Khvor, Deh-e Now، Vapileh and Kheshti Jan[17]
MirzâyiMirzavand, Nesieshahivand, Tahmasbvand, Shervivand, Naqdi, Mahivand[16] Bizatvand, Sarlangvand, Khaleqi, Ahmadi, Khosravi, etc.[3]Sanjarian, Tarqian, Qeshlaq-e Jalilabad, Chaltesiyan, Mahmudabad-e Now, Mureh and Mohsenabad, Estalak, Bagh-e Komesh, Tamasha, Puinak and Palangavaz
Siri Baseri, Qanbari, Fathi, Musavi, Noruzi, Qasemi, Qorbani, Morteza'ali, Hoseini, Suri, Ahmadi, Alivand, Pirgavand, Hoseinvand, Mamavand, Basegal, Gedavand, Geda'alivand, etc.[3]Pakdasht, Hesar-e Amir, Chehel Qez va Siah Darreh, Sangtarashan, Yebr, Towchal, Tehran, Ferunabad, Bagh-e Komesh, Yurdshah and Mamlu

References

  1. 1 2 "Social and Economical Census of Nomadic Tribes, 2009" (PDF) (in Persian). Iran. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  2. 1 2 Gratzl, Karl; Kostka, Robert (2001). Damavand: der höchste Berg Irans (in German). Weishaupt. pp. 144, 148, 150. ISBN 3705901354. Retrieved 5 November 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Afshar Sistani, Iraj (2003). Moqaddame-i bar shenakht-e il-ha, chadorneshinan va tavayef-e Iran (in Persian) (2 ed.). Iran: Samen-ol Aeme. pp. 1122–1123. ISBN 9646291295.
  4. ↑ "Zeitschrift für ausländische Landwirtschaft" (in German). 13. DLG-Verlag. 1974. Retrieved 26 May 2023. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. 1 2 Lambton, Ann K. S. (1991). Landlord and peasant in Persia : a study of land tenure and land revenue administration. London: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 1850432937.
  6. ↑ Beigi, Hamideh; Ramesht, Mohammad Hossein; Azani, Mehri (2014). "Mobile Civilization of Tribes and Nomads, the Ancient Capital of Cultural Tourism of Iran: A Case Study in Central Plateau of Iran". European Science. 3 (4 Special Issue on Architecture, Urbanism, and Civil Engineering). ISSN 1805-3602. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  7. ↑ Borjian, Habib (2013). Jamison, Stephanie W.; Beckman, Gary; Bearman, Peri; Shields, Anna (eds.). Is there Continuity between Persian and Caspian? Linguistic Relationships in South-Central Alborz. New Haven, Connecticut. p. 33. doi:10.7916/D82J7VSG. ISBN 978-0-940490-85-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  8. 1 2 "Social and Economical Census of Nomadic Tribes, 1987" (PDF) (in Persian). Iran. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  9. ↑ "Social and Economical Census of Nomadic Tribes, 1998" (PDF) (in Persian). Iran. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  10. ↑ Tanavoli, Parviz (2001). Rustic & tribal weaves from Varamin (1st ed.). Tehran, Iran: Yassavoli. ISBN 9643062112.
  11. ↑ Behera, Deepak Kumar; Pfeffer, Georg (1999). Contemporary Society: Tribal Studies. New Delhi, India: Concept Publishing Company. pp. 87–88. ISBN 81-7022-738-0. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  12. ↑ Yar-Shater, Ehsan (Aug 11, 2010). Encyclopaedia Iranica, Volume 2, Parts 1-4. Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 117–119. ISBN 978-1934283080. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  13. ↑ "KURDISH TRIBES". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  14. ↑ Mohebbi, Mehri; Mohebbi, Zahra (2015). "Demography of Race and Ethnicity in Iran". The International Handbook of the Demography of Race and Ethnicity. International Handbooks of Population. Vol. 4. pp. 353–366. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8891-8_18. ISBN 978-90-481-8890-1.
  15. ↑ Douglas, William O. (15 March 2007). Strange Lands And Friendly People. Hicks Press. ISBN 978-1-4067-7204-3. Retrieved 5 November 2019.
  16. 1 2 Amānallāhī Bahārwand, Sikandar (1995). Qaum-i Lur pažūhišī dar bāra-i paiwastagī-i qaumī wa parākandagī-i ǧuġrāfiyāʼī-i Lurhā dar Īrān (Čāp 2 ed.). Tihrān: Intišārāt-i Āgāh. pp. 183–185. ISBN 964-416-014-2.
  17. ↑ Bakhtiyārī, Manūchihr (2015). Nahz̤at-i mashrūṭah va naqsh-i Taqīʹzādah : sūsyāl dimukrāsī va judāyī-i dīn az dawlat (Chāp-i avval ed.). Toronto, Canada. ISBN 9783943147919.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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