Hashimoto Gaho
Born(1835-08-21)August 21, 1835
Tokyo
DiedJanuary 13, 1908(1908-01-13) (aged 72)
Tokyo, Japan
OccupationJapanese painter

Hashimoto Gahō (橋本 雅邦, August 21, 1835 – January 13, 1908) was a Japanese painter, one of the last to paint in the style of the Kanō school. He is also considered the founder of Nihonga and was an educator who trained many Nihonga painters. Many of the painters recognized in later generations as great Nihonga masters, such as Yokoyama Taikan, Shimomura Kanzan, Hishida Shunsō and Kawai Gyokudō, were his students. He was one of the first five painters to be appointed as an Imperial Household Artist and was one of the most authoritative painters in Japan at that time.[1][2]

Biography

White Clouds and Autumn Leaves (白雲紅樹). 1890, Important Cultural Property. Collection of Tokyo University of the Arts

Born in Edo, he was a son of a painter. After studying under his father he would continue his studies with Kanō Shōsen'in,[3] and was influenced as well by the work of Kanō Hōgai. He created many works in the traditional style of the Kanō school, using color & gold, or otherwise monochrome black ink. But while his paintings are very much the works of a traditionalist, using traditional methods and depicting traditional subjects, Gahō, like Kanō Hōgai, incorporated elements of Western art as well. Brush-strokes, various types of detailing, and in particular, attempts at the proper depiction of perspective are evident in Gahō's paintings and in many others of this period.

His talent led him to become a studio director at the age of 22 and was placed in charge of the school of his master.[3] Because of the political and economic upheavals surrounding the Meiji Restoration, he was forced to seek income outside of selling fine art. He produced maps for the Naval Academy, painted on fans exported to China, and used his skills in a number of other ways to earn a living. [3]

Following a revival of interest in Japanese painting during the 1880s, he twice won a prize at the government-sponsored picture exhibitions which led him to become famous.[3] Gahō was invited in 1884, by Okakura Kakuzō, to become the chief professor of painting at the Tōkyō Bijutsu Gakkō (東京美術学校, now the Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music) which would open five years later. His students included Kawai Gyokudō and Yokoyama Taikan who would become future masters of Japanese painting.[3] In 1898, Gahō joined Okakura in leaving the Bijutsu Gakkō, and founding the Japan Fine Arts Academy (日本美術院, Nihon Bijutsuin). He would teach there until his death in 1908.

As a result of his position as chief painting professor, Gahō had a number of important pupils, including Yokoyama Taikan and Kawai Gyokudō.

Works

References

  1. ↑ Kotobank, Hashimoto Gahō. The Asahi Shimbun
  2. ↑ Akiko Nakano (26 May 2022). 橋本雅邦ってどんな人？人材育成にも貢献し日本画に革新をもたらしたその功績とは (in Japanese). Tokyo University of the Arts. Archived from the original on 23 March 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Hashimoto Gahō | Ukiyo-e, Woodblock Prints, Edo Period | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-12-21.
  • Baekeland, Freddy (1885). "Hashimoto Gahō." Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Kodansha Ltd.

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