ICICI Bank
FormerlyIndustrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India (as a Government Organization)
TypePrivate Development Finance Institution
ISININE090A01021
IndustryFinancial services
Founded5 January 1994 (1994-01-05)
Headquarters
Mumbai , Maharashtra, India, (Registered Office at Vadodara, Gujarat)
Number of locations
5,900[1] (March 2023)
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Products
RevenueIncrease ₹186,178.80 crore (US$23 billion)[3] (2023)
Increase ₹53,196.39 crore (US$6.7 billion)[3] (2023)
Increase ₹34,036.64 crore (US$4.3 billion)[3] (2023)
Total assetsIncrease ₹1,958,490.50 crore (US$250 billion)[4] (2023)
Total equityIncrease ₹214,497.80 crore (US$27 billion)[4] (2023)
Number of employees
130,542(2022)[5]
SubsidiariesICICI Prudential Life Insurance (51.4%)[6]
ICICI Prudential Mutual Fund (51%)
ICICI Lombard[7]
ICICI Securities[8]
ICICI Direct[9]
ICICI Home Finance Company
Capital ratioTier 1 16.97% (2022)[10]
Rating
Websitewww.icicibank.com

ICICI Bank Limited is an Indian multinational bank and financial services company headquartered in Mumbai with registered office in Vadodara. It offers a wide range of banking and financial services for corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and specialized subsidiaries in the areas of investment banking, life, non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management.

This development finance institution has a network of 5,900 branches and 16,650 ATMs across India and has a presence in 17 countries.[12] The bank has subsidiaries in the United Kingdom and Canada; branches in United States, Singapore, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Qatar, Oman, Dubai International Finance Centre, China[13] and South Africa;[14] as well as representative offices in United Arab Emirates, Bangladesh, Malaysia and Indonesia. The company's UK subsidiary has also established branches in Belgium and Germany.[15]

History

The Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India (ICICI) was a government institution established on 5 January 1955 and Sir Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar was elected as the first Chairman of ICICI Ltd. It was structured as a joint-venture of the World Bank, India's public-sector banks and public-sector insurance companies to provide project financing to Indian industry.[16][17] ICICI Bank was established by ICICI, as a wholly owned subsidiary in 1994 in Vadodara. The bank was founded as the Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Bank, before it changed its name to ICICI Bank. In October 2001, the Boards of Directors of ICICI and ICICI Bank approved the merger of ICICI and two of its wholly-owned retail finance subsidiaries, ICICI Personal Financial Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited, with ICICI Bank.[18] The merger of parent ICICI Ltd. into its subsidiary ICICI Bank led to privatization.

In the 1990s, ICICI transformed its business from a development financial institution offering only project finance to a diversified financial services group, offering a wide variety of products and services, both directly and through a number of subsidiaries and affiliates like ICICI Bank. ICICI Bank launched Internet Banking operations in 1998.[19]

ICICI's shareholding in ICICI Bank was reduced to 46% through a public offering of shares in India in 1998, followed by an equity offering in the form of American depositary receipts on the NYSE in 2000.[20] ICICI Bank acquired the Bank of Madura Limited in an all-stock deal in 2001 and sold additional stakes to institutional investors during 2001–02.[21] In 1999, ICICI become the first Indian company and the first bank or a financial institution from non-Japan Asia to be listed on the NYSE.[22]

ICICI, ICICI Bank, and ICICI subsidiaries ICICI Personal Financial Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited merged in a reverse merger in 2002.[23] During the financial crisis of 2007–2008, customers rushed to ICICI ATMs and branches in some locations due to rumors of bank failure. The Reserve Bank of India issued a clarification on the financial strength of ICICI Bank to dispel the rumours.[24]

In 2015, ICICI unveiled an outward remittance platform called ‘Money2World’. The first of its kind, it enabled fully online outward remittance transactions for non-ICICI and ICICI customers alike.[25] In March 2020, the board of ICICI Bank Ltd. approved an investment of ₹10 billion (US$130 million) in Yes Bank, resulting in a 5% ownership interest in Yes.

ICICI Bank office in Financial District, Hyderabad.

Acquisitions

  • 1996: ICICI Ltd. A diversified financial institution with headquarters in Mumbai[26]
  • 1997: ITC Classic Finance. incorporated in 1986, ITC Classic was a non-bank financial firm that engaged in hire, purchase and leasing operations. At the time of being acquired, ITC Classic had eight offices, 26 outlets and 700 brokers.[27]
  • 1997: SCICI (Shipping Credit and Investment Corporation of India)[28]
  • 1998: Anagram (ENAGRAM) Finance. Anagram had built up a network of some 50 branches in Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Maharashtra that were primarily engaged in the retail financing of cars and trucks. It also had some 250,000 depositors.[29]
  • 2001: Bank of Madura[30]
  • 2002: The Darjeeling and Shimla branches of Grindlays Bank[31]
  • 2005: Investitsionno-Kreditny Bank (IKB), a Russian bank[32]
  • 2007: Sangli Bank. Sangli Bank was a private sector unlisted bank, founded in 1916, and 30% owned by the Bahte family. Its headquarters were in Sangli in Maharashtra, and it had 198 branches. It had 158 in Maharashtra and 31 in Karnataka, and others in Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Goa, and Delhi. Its branches were relatively evenly split between metropolitan areas and rural or semi-urban areas.[33]
  • 2010: The Bank of Rajasthan (BOR) was acquired by the ICICI Bank in 2010 for ₹30 billion (US$380 million). RBI was critical of BOR's promoters not reducing their holdings in the company. BOR has since been merged with ICICI Bank.[26]

Role in Indian financial infrastructure

ICICI bank has contributed to the setting up of a number of Indian institutions to establish financial infrastructure in the country over the years:

  • The National Stock Exchange was promoted by India's leading financial institutions (including ICICI Ltd.) in 1992 on behalf of the Government of India with the objective of establishing a nationwide trading facility for equities, debt instruments and hybrids, by ensuring equal access to investors all over the country through an appropriate communication network.[34]
  • In 1987, ICICI Ltd along with UTI set up CRISIL as India's first professional credit rating agency.[35]
  • NCDEX (National Commodities and Derivatives EXchange) was set up in 2003, by ICICI Bank Ltd, LIC, NABARD, NSE, Canara Bank, CRISIL, Goldman Sachs, Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO) and Punjab National Bank.[36]
  • ICICI Bank facilitated the setting up of "FINO Cross Link to Case Link Study" in 2006, as a company that would provide technology solutions and services to reach the underserved and underbanked population of the country. Using technologies like smart cards, biometrics and a basket of support services, FINO enables financial institutions to conceptualise, develop and operationalise projects to support sector initiatives in microfinance and livelihoods.[37]
  • Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (EDII), was set up in 1983, by the erstwhile apex financial institutions like IDBI, ICICI, IFCI and SBI with the support of the Government of Gujarat as a national resource organisation committed to entrepreneurship development, education, training and research.[38]
  • Eastern Development Finance Corporation (NEDFI) was promoted by national-level financial institutions like ICICI Ltd in 1995 at Guwahati, Assam for the development of industries, infrastructure, animal husbandry, agri-horticulture plantation, medicinal plants, sericulture, aquaculture, poultry and dairy in the North Eastern states of India.[39]
  • Following the enactment of the Securitisation Act in 2002, ICICI Bank, together with other institutions, set up Asset Reconstruction Company India Limited (ARCIL) in 2003. ARCIL was established to acquire non-performing assets (NPAs) from financial institutions and banks with a view to enhance the management of these assets and help in the maximisation of recovery.[40][41]
  • ICICI Bank has helped in setting up Credit Information Bureau of India Limited (CIBIL), India's first national credit bureau in 2000. CIBIL provides a repository of information (which contains the credit history of commercial and consumer borrowers) to its members in the form of credit information reports.[42]

Products

ICICI Bank offers products and services such as online money transfers, tracking services, current accounts, savings accounts,[43] time deposits, recurring deposits, mortgages, loans, automated lockers, credit cards, prepaid cards, debit cards and digital wallets called ICICI pocket.[44]

ICICI bank launched 'ICICIStack' which provides online services such as payment options, digital accounts, instant car loans, insurance, investments, loans and more.[45]

Subsidiaries

ICICI Prudential Life Insurance

ICICI Lombard

ICICI Prudential Mutual Fund

ICICI Securities

ICICI Bank Canada

ICICI Bank Canada
TypeSubsidiary
IndustryFinancial services
Founded2003
Headquarters
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Key people
Vikash Sharma (President and Chief Executive Officer)
ParentICICI Bank Limited
Websitewww.icicibank.ca

ICICI Bank Canada is a wholly owned subsidiary of ICICI Bank, whose corporate office is located in Toronto. Established in December 2003,[46] ICICI Bank Canada is a full-service direct bank with assets of about $6.5 billion as of 31 December 2019.[46] It is governed by Canada's Bank Act and operates under the supervision of the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions.[47] The bank has seven branches in Canada.[46]

In 2003, ICICI Bank Canada was established as a Schedule II (foreign-owned or -controlled) bank. It was incorporated in November and opened its head office and downtown Toronto branch in December.[46] In 2004 it launched an online banking platform. In 2005, it launched its financial advisor services channel. In 2008, the bank relocated its corporate office to the Don Valley Business Park in Toronto. In 2010, it launched a mortgage broker service. In 2014, the bank launched a mobile banking app.

ICICI Bank Canada is a member of several esteemed trade association; as well as the Canadian Bankers Association (CBA);[48] a registered member with the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation (CDIC),[49] a federal agency insuring deposits at all of Canada's chartered banks; Interac Association;[50] Cirrus Network; and The Exchange Network.[51]

ICICI Bank UK PLC

ICICI Bank UK PLC
TypeSubsidiary
IndustryFinancial services
Founded2003
Headquarters
India Edit this on Wikidata
ParentICICI Bank Limited
Websitewww.icicibank.co.uk

ICICI Bank UK PLC was incorporated in England and Wales on 11 February 2003, as a private company with the name ICICI Bank UK Ltd. It then became a public limited company on 30 October 2006.[52] Presently the Bank has seven branches[53] in the UK. : one each in Birmingham, East Ham, Harrow, London, Manchester, Southall and Wembley.

The bank currently has seven branches in the UK. ICICI Bank UK PLC is authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority. It is covered by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS). The bank has a long-term foreign currency credit rating of Baa1 from Moody's. At 31 March 2019, it had a capital adequacy ratio of 16.8%.[52]

ICICI Bank UK PLC offers products and services such as a current account, savings account, remittance to India, safe deposit box, NRI Services, business banking, foreign exchange services, commercial real estate and corporate banking.[54] In 2019, ICICI Bank UK PLC launched an instant account opening facility through its iMobile app.[55][56]

ICICI Bank US

ICICI Bank Regional Subsidiaries

ICICI Bank has operations in Bahrain, Germany, Europe, Hong Kong, and China in addition to the countries mentioned above.

Controversies

Inhumane debt recovery methods

A few years after its rise to prominence in the banking sector, ICICI bank faced allegations on the recovery methods it used against loan payment defaulters. A number of cases were filed against the bank and its employees for using "brutal measures" to recover the money. Most of the allegations were that the bank was using goons to recover the credit card payments and that these "recovery agents" exhibited inappropriately and in some cases, inhuman behaviour. Incidents were reported wherein the defaulters were put to "public shame" by the recovery agents.

The bank also faced allegations of inappropriate behaviour in recovering its loans. These allegations started initially when the "recovery agents" and bank employees started threatening the defaulters. In some cases, notes were written by the bank's employees asking the defaulters to "sell everything in the house including family members", were found. Such charges faced by the bank rose to a peak when suicide cases were reported wherein the suicide notes spoke of the bank's recovery methods as the cause of the suicide. This led to legal battles and the bank paying huge compensation.[57][58]

Money laundering allegations

ICICI Bank was one of the leading Indian banks accused of blatant money laundering through violation of RBI guidelines in the famous CobraPost[59] sting operation which shook up Indian banking industry during April–May 2013.[60]

On 14 March 2013 the online magazine Cobrapost released video footage from Operation Red Spider showing high-ranking officials and some employees of ICICI Bank agreeing to convert black money into white, an act in violation of Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002. The Government of India and Reserve Bank of India ordered an inquiry following the exposé. On 15 March 2013, ICICI Bank suspended 18 employees, pending inquiry.[61][62][63] On 11 April 2013 the Deputy Governor of RBI, H R Khan reportedly said that the central bank was initiating action against ICICI Bank in connection with allegations of money laundering.[64][65]

Chanda Kochhar fraud case

On 4 October 2018, the then MD & CEO Chanda Kochhar stepped down from her position following allegations of corruption.[66] In January 2019, based on the report of an enquiry panel headed by Justice Srikrishna, the bank board officially terminated her from service. It also become one of the first in the country to ask for a claw back of bonuses and benefits.[67] In 2020 the Enforcement Directorate provisionally seized assets and shares belonging to Chanda Kochhar with an estimated value of more than ₹780 million (US$9.8 million), in relation to the ICICI bank loan case.[68]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "ICICI Bank Q4FY23 results". 22 April 2023.
  2. ↑ "ICICI Bank appoints former IAS Girish Chandra Chaturvedi as non-executive part-time chairman". Business Today. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 "ICICI Bank Consolidated Profit & Loss account, ICICI Bank Financial Statement & Accounts" (PDF). www.icicibank.com. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  4. 1 2 "ICICI Bank Consolidated Balance Sheet, ICICI Bank Financial Statement & Accounts" (PDF). www.icicibank.com. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  5. ↑ "ICICI Bank Annual Report 2020" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
  6. ↑ "ICICI Bank sells 1.5% stake in ICICI Prudential Life Insurance for Rs 840 crore". Zee News. 22 June 2020.
  7. ↑ "ICICI Bank divests stake in ICICI Prudential for Rs 2,250 crore". The Statesman. 22 June 2020.
  8. ↑ "ICICI Securities". www.icicisecurities.com.
  9. ↑ "ICICIdirect - Online Share Trading in India at low brokerage". www.icicidirect.com.
  10. ↑ "Basel – Pillar 3 Disclosures" (PDF). icicibank.com. 30 June 2022.
  11. 1 2 3 Credit Rating ICIC Bank
  12. ↑ "ICICI Bank Q4FY23 results". 22 April 2023.
  13. ↑ finance institution "PM Modi inaugurates ICICI Bank's first Chinese branch in Shanghai". Economic Times. {{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help)
  14. ↑ "ICICI Bank enter South Africa, opens branch in Johannesburg". Zee News.
  15. ↑ "ICICI UK opens branch in Frankfurt". Sify. 29 February 2008. Archived from the original on 22 October 2012. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  16. ↑ "NOS on ICICI" (PDF). NOS org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  17. ↑ "about ICICI". lloydstsb. Archived from the original on 23 December 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  18. ↑ "ICICI Bank, ICICI ratify merger, swap ratio at 1:2". The Times of India. 26 October 2001.
  19. ↑ "The CEO as CIO: An interview with K. V. Kamath of ICICI". McKinsey & Company. Spring 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 29 July 2011.
  20. ↑ "ICICI Bank History". Times Internet.
  21. ↑ "Bank of Madura, ICICI Bank merger – a synergy for better service". The Hindu. 28 December 2000.
  22. ↑ "ICICI Bank _NYSE". Mondovisione.
  23. ↑ "RBI Clears ICICI-ICICI Bank Merger With Conditions". Financial Express. Mumbai. 27 April 2002. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  24. ↑ "ICICI Financial Rumours". Indian Express. 1 October 2008.
  25. ↑ "ICICI Bank launches outward remittance service for non-account holders". 13 October 2015.
  26. 1 2 "ICICI Bank History". Times Internet.
  27. ↑ "Itc Classic To Merge Into Icici". 27 November 1997. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  28. ↑ "Icici-Scici Merger Sets Trend For Consolidation". 26 December 1997. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  29. ↑ "ICICI swallows Anagram Finance". 21 May 1998. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  30. ↑ "Bank of Madura, ICICI Bank merger – a synergy for better service". The Hindu. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  31. ↑ "Icici Bank To Pick Grindlays Shimla, Darjeeling Branches". 29 June 2002. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  32. ↑ "ICICI Bk acquires Investitsionno-Kreditny". 19 May 2005. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  33. ↑ "ICICI Bank, Sangli Bank agree on merger". 10 December 2006. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  34. ↑ "NSE – National Stock Exchange of India Ltd". www.nseindia.com.
  35. ↑ "A global analytical company providing Ratings, Research, and Risk and Policy Advisory services". CRISIL. 30 June 2011. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  36. ↑ "Commodity Market|Commodity Price|Futures|Trading|Bullion|Indian Commodity Exchange|Agri Commodity Price|Commodities". NCDEX. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  37. ↑ "FINO". FINO. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  38. ↑ "EDII". EDII.
  39. ↑ "North Eastern Development Finance Corporation Ltd". Nedfi.com. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  40. ↑ "home". 203.115.117.202. 10 June 2010. Archived from the original on 20 January 2012. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  41. ↑ "international_scenario". 203.115.117.202. 2 December 2009. Archived from the original on 20 January 2012. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  42. ↑ "Welcome to CIBIL". Cibil.com. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  43. ↑ "ICICI Bank launch overdraft facility for salary account customers. Here's how to use it". The Economic Times.
  44. ↑ "Products". ICICI Bank. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  45. ↑ "ICICI Bank launches 'ICICIStack', a comprehensive digital banking platform – ET CIO". ETCIO.com.
  46. 1 2 3 4 "All about ICICI Bank". ICICI Bank Canada. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  47. ↑ "Who We Regulate – Foreign Banks". Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions Canada. 30 October 2012. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  48. ↑ "Member Banks". Canadian Bankers Association. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  49. ↑ "List of Members". Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  50. ↑ "Network Participation". Interac Corporation. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  51. ↑ "Participating Financial Institutions". THE EXCHANGE ATM Network. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  52. 1 2 "About ICICI Bank UK PLC". ICICI Bank UK PLC.
  53. ↑ "ICICI Bank UK PLC Branches". ICICI Bank UK PLC.
  54. ↑ "ICICI Bank UK PLC Products & Services". ICICI Bank UK PLC.
  55. ↑ "ICICI Bank UK PLC Launches Instant Account Opening On iMobile App – Financial Express ►". Financial Express. 2 October 2019.
  56. ↑ "ICICI Bank UK PLC Launches Instant Account Opening On iMobile App – Business World ►". Business World.
  57. ↑ PTI (21 November 2007). "RBI warns ICICI Bank on recovery agents". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 14 July 2013. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
  58. ↑ Sarang, Bindisha (7 January 2013). "How to deal with rising abuse of bank recovery agents". first post. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
  59. ↑ "RBI Probes Cobrapost Report, Reveals Violations By Banks". www.moneycontrol.com. 13 May 2013.
  60. ↑ "Cobra Post Exposure of Indian Banks". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013.
  61. ↑ "Money laundering case: ICICI bank suspends 18 employees". zee news. 15 March 2013. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
  62. ↑ "Probes Begin as Top Indian Banks Are Embroiled in Sting Operation". Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
  63. ↑ Ronamai, Raymond (15 March 2013). "India's Private Banks Under Scanner: Is RBI to be Blamed for Money Laundering?". International Business Times. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
  64. ↑ PTI (12 April 2013). "Cobrapost expose: IRDA report likely next week". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  65. ↑ pti (11 April 2013). "Cobrapost expose: RBI initiating action against banks over money laundering allegations". DNA. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  66. ↑ "Chanda Kochhar quits ICICI Bank; Sandeep Bakhshi appointed new CEO – Times of India ►". The Times of India. 4 October 2018. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
  67. ↑ "Justice Srikrishna Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
  68. ↑ "ED attaches assets worth Rs 78 crore, shares belonging to Chanda Kochhar". Business Today India. 10 January 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
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