Ice Runway
C-5 Galaxy unloading at sea ice runway, near McMurdo Station, 1999.
Summary
LocationMcMurdo Sound, Antarctica
Elevation AMSL1 ft / 0 m
Coordinates77°51′14″S 166°28′07″E / 77.85389°S 166.46861°E / -77.85389; 166.46861
Map
NZIR is located in Antarctica
NZIR
NZIR
Location of airfield in Antarctica
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
11/29 10,000 3,048 Ice
16/34 10,000 3,048 Ice
Source: DAFIF[1][2]
C-141 Starlifter on Ice Runway, near McMurdo Station, 1996.

The Ice Runway (ICAO: NZIR) is the principal runway for the U.S. Antarctic Program during the summer Antarctic field season due to its proximity to McMurdo Station. The other two runways in the area are the snow runway at Williams Field (NZWD) and the compacted snow runway at Phoenix Airfield (NZFX), which replaced Pegasus Field (NZPG) in 2017.

The sea ice runway is capable of handling wheeled aircraft, which have included to date: Lockheed C-5 Galaxy, Lockheed C-141 Starlifter, Boeing C-17 Globemaster III, Lockheed C-130 Hercules and Lockheed P-3 Orion. In the summer season of 2009/2010 the RNZAF trialed a modified Boeing 757 operationally. The intention is to use the Boeing 757 for passenger transport, thereby freeing up capacity for C17 cargo space.[3]

The annual sea-ice runway for wheeled aircraft is constructed at the start of each season and is used until early December when the sea ice begins to break up.[4] Subsequently flight operations are moved back to Williams Field. Pilots landing C-17 Globemaster III cargo aircraft on the sea ice runway report that the surface is stable, not unlike landing on concrete. The similarity with land bases ends when the jet aircraft rolls to a stop, however. The nearly 450,000 pound (= 201 tons) weight of the plane, including cargo and passengers, causes it to sink into the ice, albeit only a matter of inches. A laser light is trained on the aircraft to measure the settlement rate. The $200 million aircraft is moved to a new location on the six-foot-thick ice as a safety measure if the 10-inch red line is reached, according to the News Tribune in Tacoma, Washington.

Accidents and incidents

  • 18 October 1956: a Lockheed P2V-2N Neptune (122465) of the US Navy crashed on landing, killing 4 of the 8 occupants. The Neptune was arriving from Christchurch without enough fuel to turn back and weather at McMurdo was storming; the plane suddenly turned right and the nose fell during landing, and the Neptune was demolished on impact.[5]
  • 31 October 1960: a United States Navy Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star from Oceanographic Development Squadron Eight crashed while attempting to land on the Ice Runway. The pilot and co-pilot were badly injured, but the other crew received minor injuries or were uninjured. The aircraft was not recovered, and was simply allowed to sink when the ice melted in the spring.[6][7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Airport information for NZIR". World Aero Data. Archived from the original on 2019-03-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) Data current as of October 2006. Source: DAFIF.
  2. ↑ Airport information for NZIR at Great Circle Mapper. Source: DAFIF (effective October 2006).
  3. ↑ "Royal New Zealand Air Force".
  4. ↑ Blue-ice and snow runways, National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs. April 9, 1993.
  5. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed P2V-2N Neptune 122465 McMurdo Station". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2023-08-09.
  6. ↑ DeRoo, Ricky (2005). "Navy WV-2 Super Connie Crash at McMurdo Sound in 1960". Retrieved 2 June 2015.
  7. ↑ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
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