National Air Operations Command
Komando Operasi Udara Nasional
Insignia of Koopsudnas
Active31 January 2022 (as Koopsudnas)
9 February 1962 – 31 January 2022 (as Kohanudnas)
Country Indonesia
Branch Indonesian Air Force
TypeAir Supremacy Command
RoleEarly-Warning Radar
Air Mobility
Air Strike
Part of Indonesian Air Force
Motto(s)Labda Reswara Antarikshe
transl. 'The Mighty Conquer the Sky'
Websitehttps://koopsudnas.tni-au.mil.id/
Commanders
Commander Air Marshall Mohamad Tony Harjono
Chief of Staff Air Vice Marshall Jorry Soleman Koloay
Inspector Air Commodore Hikmat Karsanegara
Head of Expert Staff Group Air Commodore I Made Susila Adnyana
Notable
commanders

The National Air Operations Command (Indonesian: Komando Operasi Udara Nasional / Koopsudnas) is one of the Principal Operational Commands of the Indonesian Air Force that is responsible for air operations including air surveillance, early warning system, air supremacy, and air defense of Indonesian airspace. Koopsudnas plays a vital part for air defense capability of the Republic of Indonesia. This command is held by a three-star air force marshal.

History

History of National Air Defense Forces Command

The forerunner to the National Air Operations Command (Koopsudnas) was the Sector Operation Centre (SOC) formed in 1958. Then the Joint Air Defense Command (Kohanudgab) was formed in 1961, its members came from the army, navy and air force. Kohanudgab is tasked with guarding defense centers in the eastern part of Indonesia. Furthermore, the National Air Defense Command (Kohanudnas) was formed based on the Decree of the President of the Republic of Indonesia No. 08/PIM/PI/62 dated 9 February 1962. Kohanudnas as the Main Operations Command of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia, is tasked with carrying out integrated security defense efforts over national air space both independently and in collaboration with the main operational commands of other forces. Interoperability in the use of defense equipment such as fighter aircraft, radar, air defense artillery, and Navy warships.[1]

At the early of 1962, Operation Trikora was getting underway as the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) were already engaging the military forces of The Netherlands in what is now Papua and West Papua provinces. The National Air Defense Forces Command was established on 9 February 1962 as the air defense division of that operation commanded by AVM H.M.Sujono on the basis of the TNI Joint Service Air Defense Command (Komando Pertahanan Udara Gabungan APRI) whose commander for Papuan air force operations was Colonel Leo Wattimena of the Air Force. At the beginning, the INADF was organized into 2 Air defense sectors covering parts of the Moluccas and the then Netherlands New Guinea, each composed of a number of radar stations. By March 1962, four Air Defense Sectors were active nationwide.[2]

After the conclusion of Operation Trikora, the command was the first to be equipped with surface to air missiles in Southeast Asia, with the arrival of the S-75 Dvina SAM system, which served alongside the AZP S-60, M1939 61-K, M1939 52-K, Zastava M55, Bofors 40 mm gun and the Oerlikon GDF until the early 1970s, alongside radar stations built with Warsaw Pact and Yugoslav assistance.

The Air Force Air Defense Command, raised on 12 September 1963, form majority of the personnel under the Kohanudnas. Its primary mission is to develop and prepare combat readiness of air defense capabilities of the air force. The Air Defense Command is based at Halim Perdanakusuma Airport and has 4 air defense wings, which are 100th Missile Defense Wing, 200th Radar Wing, 300th Interceptor Wing, and 400th Radar Wing.[2] Aside from these, personnel of the Army Air Defense Artillery Corps and the Directorate of Air Defense Operations of the Navy, both of the Indonesian Army and Indonesian Navy, respectively and activated in 1962, are under its operational supervision.

History of Air Force Operations Commands

Air Force Operations Command were established 1951 with Air Cdre Ruslan Danurusamsi as its first commander.[3] In 1976, the Command was renamed into Combined Air Combat Command. In 1985, as part of a major reorganization of the armed forces, the Command was split into Air Force Operations Commands 1 and 2 to oversee supervision over all regional air bases and air force formations within Indonesia on the basis of the Air Regions. On 11 May 2018, Air Force Operations Command 3 was officially formed on the basis of the Air Force Operations Command 2 bases in eastern Indonesia.[4]

History of Air Operations Command

In January 2022, National Air Defense Command and Air Force Operations Command 1, 2, and 3 were officially merged into one organization - Koopsudnas. The unified service serves as an umbrella institution managing air defense and superiority operations under the Air Force.[5]

Organization

  • Command HQ
  • National Air Operations Commands Component (Komponen Komando Operasi Udara Nasional)

Air Operations Commands

The Air Operations Command is led by a two-star Air Vice-Marshal who oversees the aviation and engineering squadrons, and air base elements of all TNI-AU air bases and subordinate air wings. Each Air Force Base is divided based on function into 2 types, namely, headquarter air base and operation air base. Meanwhile, based on the area and completeness of the facilities, it is divided into 3 types, namely type A, type B and type C. Apart from maintenance matters, Air Squadrons and their subordinate units may move from headquarter airbase to operation airbase in certain operations during combat exercises or warfare. The Engineering Squadron generally serves the maintenance of aircraft belonging to the Air Squadron which are at the same AFB.

1st Air Operations Command[6]
Air Wings Air Squadrons Engineering Squadrons Air Force Base
Badge Official Name Headquarters (Type) Operations (Type)
1st Air Wing
2nd Air Squadron (transport)
021st Engineering Squadron
17th Air Squadron (VIP)
 31st Air Squadron (transport)
 45th Air Squadron (VIP)
4th Air Wing
6th Air Squadron (helicopter)
024th Engineering Squadron
8th Air Squadron (helicopter)
12th Air Squadron (fighter)
045th Engineering Squadron
16th Air Squadron (fighter)
7th Air Wing
1st Air Squadron (fighter)
51st Air Squadron (UAV)
8th Air Wing
7th Air Squadron (helicopter)
52nd Air Squadron (UAV)
2nd Air Operations Command[8]
Air Wings Air Squadrons Engineering Squadrons Air Force Base
Badge Official Name Headquarters (Type) Operations (Type)
2nd Air Wing
4th Air Squadron (transport)
022nd Engineering Squadron
21st Air Squadron (close air support)
 32nd Air Squadron (transport)
3rd Air Squadron (fighter)
042nd Engineering Squadron
14th Air Squadron (fighter)
 15th Air Squadron (fighter)
5th Air Wing
5th Air Squadron (recon)
044th Engineering Squadron
11th Air Squadron (fighter)
 33rd Air Squadron (transport)
3rd Air Operations Command[9]
Air Wings Air Squadrons Engineering Squadrons Air Force Base
Badge Official Name Headquarters (Type) Operations (Type)
27th Air Squadron (transport)

Quick Reaction Forces Command

Troops from the 468th Commando Battalion, guarding the Presidential Aircraft
461st Commando Battalion with Indonesian Light Strike Vehicle
Quick Reaction Forces Command
WingsDetachmentBattalion

1st Para-Commando Wing
  • 1st Matra Detachment
  • 471st Air Defense Detachment
  • 474th Air Defense Detachment
  • 476th Air Defense Detachment
  • 461st Commando Battalion
  • 463rd Commando Battalion
  • 467th Commando Battalion

2nd Para-Commando Wing
  • 2nd Matra Detachment
  • 472nd Air Defense Detachment
  • 464th Commando Battalion
  • 466th Commando Battalion
  • 468th Commando Battalion

3rd Para-Commando Wing
  • 3rd Matra Detachment
  • 473rd Air Defense Detachment
  • 475th Air Defense Detachment
  • 477th Air Defense Detachment
  • 462nd Commando Battalion
  • 465th Commando Battalion
  • 469th Commando Battalion
  • 901st Intelligence Detachment
  • 902nd Special Action Detachment
  • 903rd Special Support Detachment

Sector Commands

CommandsHeadquartersRadar & Missile UnitOperational Control

State Capital City Sector Command

National Air Operations Command

1st Sector Command

1st Air Operations Command

2nd Sector Command

2nd Air Operations Command

3rd Sector Command

3rd Air Operations Command

Notable events

Bawean Incident

Indonesian Air Force F-16 Fighting Falcon over a Chinese Navy Type 903 off the coast of Natuna Islands, Riau Islands, similar to the one in the Bawean Incident.

In July 2003, Kohanudnas detected unauthorized military aircraft flying over Bawean Island off the eastern coast of Java for more than two hours, and ordered the Indonesian Air Force to scrambled two fully armed F-16s Block 15 OCU from the 3rd Air Squadron to intercept the unauthorized aircraft, which were five US Navy F/A-18 Hornets. The incident ended peacefully through a Friend or Foe hand signal. A US spokesman said that the naval aircraft had sought permission to enter Indonesian airspace while escorting a US aircraft carrier, but that the request arrived too late at the Kohanudnas headquarters in Jakarta due to red tape.[11]

Pakistan International Airlines Incident

Pakistan International Airlines's Boeing 737-300 was detected entering Indonesian airspace without diplomatic clearance on 7 March 2011. Kohanudnas then ordered the Air Force to scramble a pair of Sukhoi to intercept and force the aircraft to land at Hasanuddin airport.[12]

Papua New Guinea Aircraft Incident

On 29 November 2011, Syamsudin Noor Airport's radar detected Dassault Falcon 900 EX that carried Papua New Guinean Deputy Prime Minister H.O.N. Belden Namah entering Indonesian airspace, then the airport's ATC and Kohanudnas tries to contact the aircraft as it is an unscheduled flight, but no response. As Kohanudnas also didn't authorize aircraft flight clearance, they decide to scramble two Sukhoi fighter to intercept and shadowing the Falcon near Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, for about 37 minutes. It was found that Falcon was applied for flight clearance shortly before take-off and the clearance was not granted yet during the incident. The minister of foreign affairs of Indonesia said that Kohanudnas was conducting an electronic identification with radar and a visual identification by intercepting (the aircraft) according to standard procedures, and no harm occurred.[13]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "LINTASAN SEJARAH KOMANDO OPERASI UDARA NASIONAL". TNI Angkatan Udara (in Indonesian). Retrieved 1 September 2023.
  2. 1 2 "Sejarah Terbentuknya KOHANUDNAS". www.kohanudnas.mil.id. 1 September 2014. Archived from the original on 15 March 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
  3. ↑ "Pengumuman KASAU No. 57/23/Peng/KS/51". Chief of Staff of the Air Force Order No. 57/23/Peng/KS/51 of 1951 (in Indonesian).
  4. ↑ @_TNIAU (May 12, 2018). "Organisasi baru TNI AU setingkat Kotamaops yakni Koopsau III telah resmi berdiri, diresmikan oleh Panglima TNI Marsekal TNI Hadi Tjahjanto, S.I.P., bersamaan dengan Kotama TNI AD dan Kotama TNI AL, dalam sebuah upacara militer di Sorong Papua Barat, Jumat (11/5)" (Tweet) (in Indonesian) – via Twitter.
  5. ↑ Noviansyah, Wildan (2022-01-28). "KSAU Ganti Nama Kohanudnas Jadi Koopsudnas". Detik.com. Retrieved 2022-01-31.
  6. ↑ "Koopsau 1". TNI AU. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  7. ↑ Rahmat, Ridzwan (10 July 2019). "Indonesia inaugurates new airbase on Batam Island". Jane's Defence Weekly. Singapore. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  8. ↑ "Koopsau 2". TNI AU. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  9. ↑ "Koopsau 3". TNI AU. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  10. ↑ "PENGALIHAN KODAL SATRAD BURAEN KE KOSEKHANUDNAS II". TNI Angkatan Udara. 18 September 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  11. ↑ "Indonesia scrambles F-16s to intercept US planes". F-16.net. 4 July 2003. Retrieved 25 November 2011.
  12. ↑ "Pesawat Pakistan Disergap 2 Sukhoi TNI". kompas.com. 7 March 2011. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
  13. ↑ "Two Sukhois Tail Papua New Guinean Official Jets". tempo.co. 9 January 2012. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
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