The Jad people are a semi nomadic tribe living in great Himalayas in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand states of India. They are primarily settled in the bordering region of Uttarakhand (Uttarkashi district), Himachal Pradesh (Kinnaur district) and Tibet. They mainly practiced sheep rearing and were shrewd traders trading with the Tibet. They were also recognised as the rulers of the Gartang Garh (one among the 52 Garhs or forts of the Garhwal Kingdom). The famous tourist destination Gartang Gali is also found near their village. They were entrusted by the King of Garhwal, with the important strategic task of securing the borders of Garhwal Kingdom from the Bushahr kingdom of Himachal and the Tibetan Empire. The language they speak is critically endangered almost endemic to India. Although, the language share some similarity to the kinnauri and spiti language which also Is of Tibeto-Burman family.[1]

Etymology

Jadhang village itself and Jad people living in Jadhang and Nelang valley are named after a man "Jadha" who was resettled here in 1849 by a british adventurer Frederick Wilson. The settlement document of Garhwal Kingdom, which administered this area, from that era reads, "Wilson invited certain Jadha from the upper Pargana of Kunawar in Bashahr state (now in Himachal Pradesh) to settle at Nilang, re-establish the hamlet of Jadhang and administered the area on behalf of Maharaja Bhavani Shah [r. 1859-71 CE]." Wilson also built the Gartang Gali stairway.[2]

Social status

As of 2001, the Jad people were classified as a Scheduled Tribe under the Indian government's reservation program of positive discrimination.[1]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "List of Scheduled Tribes". Census of India: Government of India. 7 March 2007. Archived from the original on 5 June 2010. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
  2. ↑ Mystery solved: Gartang Gully was made by 'Pahadi' Wilson for secretly venturing Tibet, First Post, June 2023.



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