John Alexander Johnston
Member of the Board of Commissioners of Washington, D.C.
In office
January 24, 1910 – July 19, 1913
PresidentWilliam Howard Taft
Preceded byHenry Litchfield West
Succeeded byOliver Peck Newman
Personal details
Born(1858-02-22)February 22, 1858
Allegheny, Pennsylvania, U.S.
DiedJanuary 5, 1940(1940-01-05) (aged 81)
Resting placeArlington National Cemetery
Spouse(s)Henriette Vandergrift 1888-1930
Zella McCalister 193?-1934
Alma materUnited States Military Academy
OccupationMilitary officer
Civilian awards Commander Legion of Honor[1]
Military service
Allegiance United States
Branch/serviceUnited States Army
Years of service1879-1903; 1917-1918
Rank Brigadier general
Commands34th Infantry Division
Battles/warsWorld War I
Military awards Distinguished Service Medal

John Alexander Johnston (22 February 1858 – 5 January 1940) was an American military officer and commissioner of the District of Columbia born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania. He served as a brigadier general during World War I.

Military career

Johnston graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1879, graduating twenty-third out of sixty seven.[2] He was commissioned into the cavalry and performed frontier duty in Texas from 1879 to 1882. In 1883, he was an honor graduate from the Infantry and Cavalry School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, after which he became an instructor there, instructing on the art of war and engineering until 1885.[3]

In 1886, Johnston was promoted to first lieutenant and would alternate between frontier duty in South Dakota multiple times, from 1886–87, 1891–93 and 1895–97.[2] Between his tours of frontier duty in South Dakota, Johnston taught history, law and tactics at the U.S. Military Academy from 1887–91, and horsemanship at the Jefferson Barracks Cavalry Depot, Missouri, from 1893–1895.[3] Johnston would spend the remainder of his career in the Adjutant General's Department in Washington, D.C., mustering in and out all the volunteers of the Spanish–American War and the Philippine Insurrection, being promoted to brigadier general in 1901 and ultimately resigning on January 15, 1903.[2] Johnston would remain in Washington D.C. after his resignation, working as a commissioner for the District of Columbia from 1910–1913.[2]

On August 5, 1917, Johnston was promoted to brigadier general and placed in command of the Northeastern Department in Boston. In June 1918, he succeeded Frederick Emil Resche as commander of the 68th Infantry Brigade, a unit of the 34th Division.[4] In October 1918, he was assigned to command the division, and he received the Army Distinguished Service Medal at the end of the war.[5] The citation for the medal reads:

The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Army Distinguished Service Medal to Brigadier General John Alexander Johnston, United States Army, for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services to the Government of the United States, in a duty of great responsibility during World War I. As Department Commander, Northeastern Department, between 11 September 1917 and 23 May 1918, General Johnston handled many difficult problems arising in that department with rare judgment, tact, and great skill. Later, as Commanding General of the 34th Division, which he took overseas, his marked efficiency, unusual initiative, and military attainments of a high order were important factors in the excellent standard of training attained by the Division.[6]

Personal life

Johnston married Henrietta V. Vandergrift in 1888.[5]

Death and legacy

He died on January 5, 1940, at the age of 81.[5] He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.[7]

References

  1. ↑ "John Alexander Johnston". Find a Grave. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Davis, Henry Blaine Jr. Generals in Khaki (Raleigh, NC: Pentland press, 1998), p. 205
  3. 1 2 Who Was Who in American History – The Military (Chicago, IL: Marquis Who's Who, Inc., 1975) p. 292
  4. ↑ Center of Military History, United States Army (1988). Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War. Vol. 2. American Expeditionary Forces: Divisions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 204 – via Google Books.
  5. 1 2 3 Davis Jr., Henry Blaine. Generals in Khaki (Raleigh, NC: Pentland press, 1998), p. 206
  6. ↑ "John Johnston – Recipient – Military Times Hall Of Valor". valor.militarytimes.com.
  7. ↑ Arlington National Cemetery
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