Kalai Kovil
Theatrical release poster
Directed byC. V. Sridhar
Written byC. V. Sridhar
Produced byVisu
Ganga
StarringS. V. Subbaiah
Chandrakantha
R. Muthuraman
Rajasree
CinematographyBalu
Edited byN. M. Shankar
Music byViswanathan–Ramamoorthy
Production
company
Bhagyalakshmi Productions
Release date
  • 25 September 1964 (1964-09-25)
Running time
133 minutes[1]
CountryIndia
LanguageTamil

Kalai Kovil (transl. Temple of art) is a 1964 Indian Tamil-language musical film written and directed by C. V. Sridhar. The film stars S. V. Subbaiah, R. Muthuraman, Chandrakantha and Rajasree, with Nagesh, V. Gopalakrishnan, V. S. Raghavan, Jayanthi and S. N. Lakshmi in supporting roles. It focuses on the rags to riches story of a veena vidwan, whose success is almost derailed when he takes to liquor abuse.

Kalai Kovil was produced under the banner Bhagyalakshmi Productions by M. S. Viswanathan (using the name Visu) and Ganga. Viswanathan also composed the film's soundtrack with T. K. Ramamoorthy under the name Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy, and Ganga also served as the art director. Sridhar's frequent collaborator Chithralaya Gopu served as the film's assistant dialogue writer.

Kalai Kovil was released on 25 September 1964 and received positive reviews from critics for its music, cast performances, writing and direction by Sridhar. It was not commercially successful, but the song "Thangaratham Vanthathu", performed by P. Susheela and M. Balamuralikrishna, attained popularity.

Plot

An impoverished man rises from rags to riches by becoming a veena vidwan, but almost loses it in the lap of a danseuse and the lavishness of liquor.

Cast

Production

After the success of Kadhalikka Neramillai (1964), its producer and director C. V. Sridhar decided to make his next directorial venture based on the life of a musician. His frequent collaborator, writer Chithralaya Gopu met up with him at Marina Beach to discuss their next project which he wanted to be a comedy, but Sridhar told him to listen to the story he already finished writing, the story that became the film Kalai Kovil. Gopu was assigned as the film's assistant dialogue writer. After listening to the story, composer M. S. Viswanathan decided to produce the film along with Ganga under the banner Bhagyalakshmi Productions.[3] Ganga also worked as the art director, while Viswanathan was credited as "Visu" for his role as producer in the posters and opening credits. Cinematography was handled by Balu, and editing by N. M. Shankar.[4][5] Chitti Babu played the veena offscreen for Muthuraman.[3][6] S. V. Ranga Rao was Sridhar's initial choice for the lead role; since he did not turn up on the sets on the first day of the shoot, he was replaced with S. V. Subbaiah who initially refused to play the role as he was asked to sport a fake beard which he was not comfortable with but later relented.[6][7]

Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy (a duo consisting of M. S. Viswanathan and T. K. Ramamoorthy) and the lyrics were penned by Kannadasan.[8] The song "Deviyar Iruvar" is set in the Carnatic raga known as Shree,[9][10] while "Thangaratham Vanthathu" is set in Abhogi.[11][12] Shyam was the violinist of the latter song,[13] which attained popularity.[14] He felt diffident in playing the classical-themed song as he was then more comfortable with westernised songs.[15]

Track listing
No.TitleSinger(s)Length
1."Naan Unnai Serndha"P. Susheela, P. B. Sreenivas3:41
2."Thangaratham Vanthathu"P. Susheela, M. Balamuralikrishna3:31
3."Mullil Roja"L. R. Eswari, P. B. Sreenivas5:47
4."Varavendum"L. R. Eswari3:45
5."Deviyar Iruvar"P. Susheela3:47
Total length:20:31

Release and reception

Kalai Kovil was released on 25 September 1964.[16][17] The film received positive reviews from critics who praised the music, performances of the cast, the screenplay, dialogues and direction by Sridhar.[18] On 2 October 1964, The Indian Express praised the first half, but criticised the second half, saying the film maintained a "richly musical and at times absorbing" tone till the second half, when "scripter-director Sridhar's hands, like that of the hero in the movie, begin to slip". The reviewer called the songs composed by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy "a delight to the ears", but felt they did not exploit the veena, "the very soul of the film", fully. They also lauded Balu's cinematography, Ganga's art direction and the performances of Subbaiah and Nagesh, saying they "try to salvage the film, but in vain".[19] The film was commercially unsuccessful.[6][18]

References

  1. ↑ "Kalai Kovil". Complete Index to World Film. Archived from the original on 6 December 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
  2. 1 2 Kalai Kovil (motion picture) (in Tamil). Bhagyalakshmi Productions. 1964. Opening credits, from 0:00 to 2:03.
  3. 1 2 நரசிம்மன், டி.ஏ. (29 June 2018). "சி(ரி)த்ராலயா 24: ஸ்ரீதருக்கு அடி சறுக்கியதா?". Hindu Tamil Thisai (in Tamil). Archived from the original on 11 February 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  4. ↑ "Kalai Kovil". The Indian Express. 19 September 1964. p. 12. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
  5. ↑ "Kalai Kovil". The Indian Express. 15 August 1964. p. 13. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
  6. 1 2 3 "கலை கோவில்: ஒரு கிளாசிக்" [Kalai Kovil: A Classic]. Kalki (in Tamil). 12 April 1992. pp. 53–54. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
  7. ↑ "ரங்காராவ் அளித்த ஏமாற்றம்". Kalki (in Tamil). 5 April 1992. pp. 60–61. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  8. ↑ Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy (1964). "Kalaikkoil (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) – EP". Apple Music. Archived from the original on 5 December 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
  9. ↑ Sundararaman 2007, p. 127.
  10. ↑ Mani, Charulatha (19 July 2013). "Auspicious Sri". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 6 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
  11. ↑ Mani, Charulatha (2 March 2012). "A Raga's Journey – Arresting Abhogi". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
  12. ↑ Sundararaman 2007, p. 160.
  13. ↑ Pradeep, K. (17 March 2017). "The Shyam effect". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 December 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
  14. ↑ "எளிமைக்கு உதாரணமான இசைமேதை". Thinakaran (in Tamil). 24 November 2016. Archived from the original on 5 December 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
  15. ↑ Unni, Prakasam K. (3 November 2003). "Play it again, Shyam". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 6 December 2018. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  16. ↑ "1964 – கலைக்கோவில் – பாக்யலஷ்மி புரொடக்" [1964 – Kalai Kovil – Bhagyalakshmi Produc.]. Lakshman Sruthi (in Tamil). Archived from the original on 2 October 2017. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
  17. ↑ "Many choices for Tamil film fans". The Indian Express. 26 September 1964. p. 3. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  18. 1 2 "பத்திரிகையாளர் சுதாங்கனின் 'நெஞ்சம் மறப்பதில்லை!' – 54". Dinamalar (in Tamil). Nellai. 30 September 2018. Archived from the original on 6 December 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2018.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  19. ↑ "Kalai Kovil". The Indian Express. 2 October 1964. p. 3. Retrieved 5 December 2018.

Bibliography

  • Sundararaman (2007) [2005]. Raga Chintamani: A Guide to Carnatic Ragas Through Tamil Film Music (2nd ed.). Pichhamal Chintamani. OCLC 295034757.
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