Country (sports) | United States |
---|---|
Residence | Palo Alto, California, United States |
Born | Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, United States | December 3, 1959
Height | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) |
Turned pro | 1979 |
Retired | 1991 |
Plays | Right-handed (one handed-backhand) |
College | Stanford University |
Prize money | $1,592,111 |
Singles | |
Career record | 247–155 |
Career titles | 3 |
Highest ranking | No. 5 (March 19, 1984) |
Grand Slam singles results | |
Australian Open | F (1983) |
French Open | QF (1980) |
Wimbledon | SF (1984) |
US Open | 4R (1979, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1985, 1986) |
Doubles | |
Career record | 473–136 |
Career titles | 42 |
Highest ranking | No. 6 (February 4, 1991) |
Grand Slam doubles results | |
Australian Open | W (1981) |
French Open | W (1980) |
Wimbledon | W (1980, 1985) |
US Open | W (1981) |
Other doubles tournaments | |
Tour Finals | W (1990) |
Mixed doubles | |
Career titles | 2 |
Grand Slam mixed doubles results | |
Australian Open | 2R (1991) |
French Open | W (1986) |
Wimbledon | W (1986) |
US Open | QF (1984, 1986) |
Last updated on: May 24, 2012. |
Kathryn "Kathy" Jordan (born December 3, 1959) is a former American tennis player. During her career, she won seven Grand Slam titles, five of them in women's doubles and two in mixed doubles. She also was the 1983 Australian Open women's singles runner-up and won three singles titles and 42 doubles titles.
College
She received an athletic scholarship to Stanford University in 1978. While at Stanford, she won the 1979 AIAW Championships in singles and in doubles with her sister Barbara Jordan. in 1979, she won the Broderick Award (now the Honda Sports Award) as the best female collegiate player.[1][2]
Career
Jordan turned professional in 1979. Her best performance in a Grand Slam singles tournament was runner-up at the 1983 Australian Open, where she lost to Martina Navratilova in straight sets..
She was the first player to defeat Chris Evert before the semifinals of a Grand Slam singles tournament. Jordan defeated Evert 6–1, 7–6 in the third round of Wimbledon in 1983 after Evert had reached at least the semifinals of her first 34 Grand Slam singles tournaments.
In women's doubles, Jordan won five Grand Slam titles, four of which were in partnership with Anne Smith. She also won a career Grand Slam in women's doubles, winning the 1980 French Open, 1980 and 1985 Wimbledon, 1981 US Open, and 1981 Australian Open.
In the Wimbledon final on July 6, 1985, Jordan and Elizabeth Smylie teamed to snap the 109-match winning streak of Navratilova and Pam Shriver by defeating them in three sets.
In mixed doubles, Jordan won two Grand Slam titles, 1986 French Open and 1986 Wimbledon, both of which were in partnership with Ken Flach.
Jordan retired in 1991. Her highest singles rank was world number five in 1984 and her highest doubles rank was world number 6 in 1991. She won several awards during her career, including 1979 WTA Most Impressive Newcomer Award, 1980 WTA Doubles Team of the Year Award with Smith, 1984 WTA Most Improved Player of the Year Award, and 1991 WTA Player Service Award
After retiring, Jordan returned to Stanford University and received a B.A. in political science in 1991. She was elected vice-president of the WTA in 1992. She also served as chairperson of the WTA Drug Testing Committee and served on WTA executive, deferred compensation, finance/marketing, and insurance committees through 1992.
In 2002, Jordan was presented with a Mentor Award by Martina Navratilova, on behalf of the WTA Tour, in recognition of her contribution to the Partners for Success program and to the sport of tennis at large.
Personal life
Jordan was one of the top juniors during the 1970s. She also was a top high school basketball player, being named to the All-Conference basketball team while at Upper Merion Area High School in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. Her sister won the 1979 Australian Open women's singles title. Her father, Bob Jordan, was instrumental in the development of the WTA deferred compensation plan. Now, Jordan lives in Palo Alto, California.
Major finals
Grand Slam finals
Singles: 1 (1 runner–up)
Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Loss | 1983 | Australian Open | Grass | Martina Navratilova | 6–2, 7–6(7–5) |
Women's doubles: 11 (5 titles, 6 runners-up)
Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Win | 1980 | French Open | Clay | Anne Smith | Ivanna Madruga Adriana Villagrán | 6–1, 6–0 |
Win | 1980 | Wimbledon | Grass | Anne Smith | Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull | 4–6, 7–5, 6–1 |
Loss | 1981 | Wimbledon | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | 6–3, 7–6(8–6) |
Win | 1981 | US Open | Hard | Anne Smith | Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull | 6–3, 6–3 |
Win | 1981 | Australian Open | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | 6–2, 7–5 |
Loss | 1982 | Wimbledon | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | 6–4, 6–1 |
Loss | 1983 | French Open | Clay | Anne Smith | Rosalyn Fairbank Candy Reynolds | 5–7, 7–5, 6–2 |
Loss | 1984 | Wimbledon | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | 6–3, 6–4 |
Win | 1985 | Wimbledon | Grass | Elizabeth Smylie | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | 5–7, 6–3, 6–4 |
Loss | 1987 | US Open | Hard | Elizabeth Smylie | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | 5–7, 6–4, 6–2 |
Loss | 1990 | Wimbledon | Grass | Elizabeth Smylie | Jana Novotná Helena Suková | 6–4, 6–1 |
Mixed doubles: 3 (2 titles, 1 runner–up)
Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Loss | 1984 | Wimbledon | Grass | Steve Denton | Wendy Turnbull John Lloyd | 6–3, 6–3 |
Win | 1986 | French Open | Clay | Ken Flach | Rosalyn Fairbank Mark Edmondson | 3–6, 7–6(7–3), 6–3 |
Win | 1986 | Wimbledon | Grass | Ken Flach | Martina Navratilova Heinz Günthardt | 6–3, 7–6(9–7) |
Year-end championships finals
Doubles: 2 (1 title, 1 runner–up)
Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Loss | 1982 | New York City | Carpet | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | 6–4, 6–3 |
Win | 1990 | New York City | Carpet | Elizabeth Smylie | Mercedes Paz Arantxa Sánchez Vicario | 7–6(7–4), 6–4 |
WTA career finals
Singles 13 (3–10)
|
|
Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Winner | 1. | January 8, 1979 | San Antonio | Carpet | Linda Siegel | 6–2, 7–5 |
Winner | 2. | March 12, 1979 | Orlando | Hard | Regina Maršíková | 4–6, 6–1, 6–4 |
Runner-up | 1. | August 13, 1979 | Richmond | Carpet | Martina Navratilova | 1–6, 3–6 |
Winner | 3. | March 15, 1982 | Boston | Carpet | Wendy Turnbull | 7–5, 1–6, 6–4 |
Runner-up | 2. | April 25, 1983 | Atlanta | Hard | Pam Shriver | 2–6, 0–6 |
Runner-up | 3. | September 19, 1983 | Richmond | Carpet | Rosalyn Fairbank | 4–6, 7–5, 4–6 |
Runner-up | 4. | October 3, 1983 | Detroit | Carpet | Virginia Ruzici | 6–4, 4–6, 2–6 |
Runner-up | 5. | November 21, 1983 | Sydney | Grass | Jo Durie | 3–6, 5–5 |
Runner-up | 6. | November 28, 1983 | Australian Open | Grass | Martina Navratilova | 2–6, 6–7(5–7) |
Runner-up | 7. | March 19, 1984 | Dallas | Carpet | Hana Mandlíková | 6–7(3–7), 6–3, 1–6 |
Runner-up | 8. | June 18, 1984 | Eastbourne | Grass | Martina Navratilova | 4–6, 1–6 |
Runner-up | 9. | May 13, 1985 | Melbourne | Carpet | Pam Shriver | 4–6, 4–6 |
Runner-up | 10. | February 24, 1986 | Oakland | Carpet | Chris Evert-Lloyd | 2–6, 4–6 |
Doubles 78 (42–36)
|
|
Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Winner | 1. | January 8, 1979 | San Antonio | Carpet | Wendy White | Bunny Bruning Valerie Ziegenfuss |
6–2, 6–2 |
Winner | 2. | August 6, 1979 | Indianapolis | Clay | Anne Smith | Penny Johnson Paula Smith |
6–1, 6–0 |
Runner-up | 1. | January 21, 1980 | Chicago | Carpet | Sylvia Hanika | Billie Jean King Martina Navratilova |
3–6, 4–6 |
Runner-up | 2. | February 4, 1980 | Los Angeles | Carpet | Anne Smith | Rosemary Casals Martina Navratilova |
6–7, 2–6 |
Runner-up | 3. | February 18, 1980 | Detroit | Carpet | Anne Smith | Billie Jean King Ilana Kloss |
6–3, 3–6, 2–6 |
Winner | 3. | April 7, 1980 | Hilton Head Island | Clay | Anne Smith | Candy Reynolds Paula Smith |
6–2, 6–1 |
Runner-up | 4. | April 14, 1980 | Amelia Island | Clay | Pam Shriver | Rosemary Casals Ilana Kloss |
6–7, 6–7 |
Winner | 4. | May 26, 1980 | French Open | Clay | Anne Smith | Ivanna Madruga Adriana Villagrán |
6–1, 6–0 |
Winner | 5. | June 16, 1980 | Eastbourne | Grass | Anne Smith | Pam Shriver Betty Stöve |
6–4, 6–1 |
Winner | 6. | June 23, 1980 | Wimbledon | Grass | Anne Smith | Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull |
4–6, 7–5, 6–1 |
Winner | 7. | September 15, 1980 | Las Vegas | Hard (I) | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Betty Stöve |
2–6, 6–4, 6–3 |
Runner-up | 5. | September 22, 1980 | Atlanta | Carpet | Anne Smith | Barbara Potter Sharon Walsh |
3–6, 1–6 |
Winner | 8. | October 20, 1980 | Brighton | Carpet | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Betty Stöve |
6–3, 7–5 |
Runner-up | 6. | November 3, 1980 | Filderstadt | Hard (I) | Anne Smith | Hana Mandlíková Betty Stöve |
4–6, 5–7 |
Winner | 9. | January 19, 1981 | Cincinnati | Carpet | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
1–6, 6–3, 6–3 |
Runner-up | 7. | March 9, 1981 | Dallas | Carpet | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
5–7, 4–6 |
Winner | 10. | April 20, 1981 | Amelia Island | Clay | Paula Smith | JoAnne Russell Pam Shriver |
6–3, 5–7, 7–6 |
Runner-up | 8. | June 15, 1981 | Eastbourne | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
7–6, 2–6, 1–6 |
Runner-up | 9. | 22 June 1981 | Wimbledon | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
3–6, 6–7(6–8) |
Winner | 11. | July 27, 1981 | San Diego | Hard | Candy Reynolds | Rosemary Casals Pam Shriver |
6–1, 2–6, 6–4 |
Runner-up | 10. | August 10, 1981 | Richmond | Carpet | Anne Smith | Sue Barker Ann Kiyomura |
6–4, 6–7, 4–6 |
Winner | 12. | September 1, 1981 | US Open | Hard | Anne Smith | Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull |
6–3, 6–3 |
Runner-up | 11. | November 23, 1981 | Sydney | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
7–6, 2–6, 4–6 |
Winner | 13. | November 30, 1981 | Australian Open | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
6–2, 7–5 |
Winner | 14. | January 4, 1982 | Washington, D.C. | Carpet | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
6–2, 3–6, 6–1 |
Runner-up | 12. | January 18, 1982 | Seattle | Carpet | Anne Smith | Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull |
5–7, 4–6 |
Winner | 15. | February 15, 1982 | Houston | Carpet | Pam Shriver | Sue Barker Sharon Walsh |
7–6(8–6), 6–2 |
Runner-up | 13. | February 22, 1982 | Oakland | Carpet | Pam Shriver | Barbara Potter Sharon Walsh |
1–6, 6–3, 6–7(5–7) |
Winner | 16. | March 1, 1982 | Los Angeles | Carpet | Anne Smith | Barbara Potter Sharon Walsh |
6–3, 7–5 |
Winner | 17. | March 15, 1982 | Boston | Carpet | Anne Smith | Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull |
7–6, 2–6, 6–4 |
Runner-up | 14. | March 24, 1982 | Avon Championships | Carpet | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
4–6, 3–6 |
Runner-up | 15. | April 15, 1982 | Fort Worth | Clay | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
5–7, 3–6 |
Runner-up | 16. | April 26, 1982 | Orlando | Clay | Anne Smith | Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull |
3–6, 3–6 |
Runner-up | 17. | June 14, 1982 | Eastbourne | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
3–6, 4–6 |
Runner-up | 18. | June 21, 1982 | Wimbledon | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
4–6, 1–6 |
Winner | 18. | July 26, 1982 | San Diego | Hard | Paula Smith | Patricia Medrado Cláudia Monteiro |
6–3, 5–7, 7–6 |
Winner | 19. | August 9, 1982 | Atlanta | Hard | Betsy Nagelsen | Chris Evert Billie Jean King |
4–6, 7–6(13–11), 7–6(7–3) |
Runner-up | 19. | January 3, 1983 | Washington, D.C. | Carpet | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
6–4, 5–7, 3–6 |
Runner-up | 20. | January 30, 1983 | Palm Beach Gardens | Clay | Paula Smith | Barbara Potter Sharon Walsh |
4–6, 6–4, 2–6 |
Runner-up | 21. | February 14, 1983 | Chicago | Carpet | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
1–6, 2–6 |
Winner | 20. | February 21, 1983 | Palm Springs | Hard | Ann Kiyomura | Dianne Fromholtz Betty Stöve |
6–2, 6–2 |
Runner-up | 22. | March 14, 1983 | Boston | Carpet | Anne Smith | Jo Durie Ann Kiyomura |
3–6, 1–6 |
Runner-up | 23. | March 28, 1983 | Tokyo | Carpet | Anne Smith | Billie Jean King Sharon Walsh |
1–6, 1–6 |
Runner-up | 24. | May 23, 1983 | French Open | Clay | Anne Smith | Rosalyn Fairbank Candy Reynolds |
7–5, 5–7, 2–6 |
Runner-up | 25. | September 19, 1983 | Richmond | Carpet | Barbara Potter | Rosalyn Fairbank Candy Reynolds |
7–6(7–3), 2–6, 1–6 |
Runner-up | 26. | 26 September 1983 | Hartford | Carpet | Barbara Potter | Billie Jean King Sharon Walsh |
6–3, 3–6, 4–6 |
Winner | 21. | October 3, 1983 | Detroit | Carpet | Barbara Potter | Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull |
6–4, 6–1 |
Winner | 22. | April 16, 1984 | Amelia Island | Clay | Anne Smith | Anne Hobbs Mima Jaušovec |
6–4, 3–6, 6–4 |
Runner-up | 27. | June 25, 1984 | Wimbledon | Grass | Anne Smith | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
3–6, 4–6 |
Winner | 23. | August 20, 1984 | Montreal | Hard | Elizabeth Smylie | Claudia Kohde-Kilsch Hana Mandlíková |
6–1, 6–2 |
Winner | 24. | January 21, 1985 | Key Biscayne | Hard | Elizabeth Smylie | Svetlana Parkhomenko Larisa Savchenko |
6–4, 7–6(7–2) |
Winner | 25. | January 28, 1985 | Marco Island | Hard | Elizabeth Smylie | Camille Benjamin Bonnie Gadusek |
6–3, 6–3 |
Runner-up | 28. | February 4, 1985 | Delray Beach | Hard | Hana Mandlíková | Gigi Fernández Martina Navratilova |
6–7(4–7), 2–6 |
Winner | 26. | April 1, 1985 | Tokyo | Carpet | Elizabeth Smylie | Betsy Nagelsen Anne White |
6–4, 5–7, 2–6 |
Runner-up | 29. | May 13, 1985 | Melbourne | Carpet | Anne Hobbs | Pam Shriver Elizabeth Smylie |
2–6, 7–5, 1–6 |
Runner-up | 30. | June 17, 1985 | Eastbourne | Grass | Elizabeth Smylie | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
5–7, 4–6 |
Winner | 27. | June 24, 1985 | Wimbledon | Grass | Elizabeth Smylie | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
5–7, 6–3, 6–4 |
Winner | 28. | August 12, 1985 | Mahwah | Hard | Elizabeth Smylie | Claudia Kohde-Kilsch Helena Suková |
7–6(8–6), 6–3 |
Winner | 29. | September 16, 1985 | Chicago | Carpet | Elizabeth Smylie | Elise Burgin JoAnne Russell |
6–2, 6–2 |
Winner | 30. | January 20, 1986 | Wichita | Carpet | Candy Reynolds | JoAnne Russell Anne Smith |
6–3, 6–7(5–7), 6–3 |
Winner | 31. | January 27, 1986 | Key Biscayne | Hard | Elizabeth Smylie | Betsy Nagelsen Barbara Potter |
7–6(7–5), 2–6, 6–2 |
Winner | 32. | March 3, 1986 | Princeton | Carpet | Elizabeth Smylie | Hana Mandlíková Helena Suková |
6–3, 7–5 |
Runner-up | 31. | March 28, 1986 | Nashville | Carpet | Elizabeth Smylie | Barbara Potter Pam Shriver |
4–6, 3–6 |
Runner-up | 32. | March 31, 1986 | Marco Island | Clay | Elise Burgin | Martina Navratilova Andrea Temesvári |
5–7, 2–6 |
Winner | 33. | September 29, 1986 | Hilversum | Carpet | Helena Suková | Tine Scheuer-Larsen Catherine Tanvier |
7–5, 6–1 |
Winner | 34. | April 13, 1987 | Tokyo | Hard | Betsy Nagelsen | Sandy Collins Sharon Walsh |
6–3, 7–5 |
Winner | 35. | April 20, 1987 | Houston | Clay | Martina Navratilova | Zina Garrison Lori McNeil |
6–2, 6–4 |
Runner-up | 33. | July 13, 1987 | Newport | Grass | Anne Hobbs | Gigi Fernández Lori McNeil |
6–7(5–7), 5–7 |
Winner | 36. | July 27, 1987 | Aptos | Hard | Robin White | Lea Antonoplis Barbara Gerken |
6–1, 6–0 |
Runner-up | 34. | August 31, 1987 | US Open | Hard | Elizabeth Smylie | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver |
7–5, 4–6, 2–6 |
Winner | 37. | October 19, 1987 | Brighton | Carpet | Helena Suková | Tine Scheuer-Larsen Catherine Tanvier |
7–5, 6–1 |
Winner | 38. | March 26, 1990 | San Antonio | Hard | Elizabeth Smylie | Gigi Fernández Robin White |
7–5, 7–5 |
Winner | 39. | April 9, 1990 | Tokyo | Hard | Elizabeth Smylie | Hu Na Michelle Jaggard |
6–0, 3–6, 6–1 |
Runner-up | 35. | May 21, 1990 | Strasbourg | Clay | Elizabeth Smylie | Nicole Provis Elna Reinach |
1–6, 4–6 |
Runner-up | 36. | June 25, 1990 | Wimbledon | Grass | Elizabeth Smylie | Jana Novotná Helena Suková |
3–6, 4–6 |
Winner | 40. | October 29, 1990 | Nashville | Hard (I) | Larisa Neiland | Brenda Schultz Caroline Vis |
6–1, 6–2 |
Winner | 41. | November 12, 1990 | Virginia Slims Championships | Carpet | Elizabeth Smylie | Mercedes Paz Arantxa Sánchez Vicario |
7–6(7–4), 6–4 |
Winner | 42. | January 28, 1991 | Tokyo | Carpet | Elizabeth Smylie | Mary Joe Fernández Robin White |
4–6, 6–0, 6–3 |
Grand Slam performance timelines
W | F | SF | QF | #R | RR | Q# | DNQ | A | NH |
Singles
Tournament | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | W–L | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Australian Open | A | A | A | A | A | 3R | A | F | A | A | NH | A | A | A | A | 7–2 |
French Open | A | A | A | QF | 3R | A | 4R | 2R | A | 1R | A | A | A | A | 8–5 | |
Wimbledon | A | A | 4R | 4R | 4R | 3R | QF | SF | 2R | 4R | 1R | A | A | 1R | 21–10 | |
US Open | Q1 | 2R | 4R | 4R | 4R | 1R | 4R | 2R | 4R | 4R | 1R | A | A | 1R | 20–11 | |
Year-end ranking | NR | NR | 11 | 13 | 15 | 21 | 14 | 10 | 19 | 15 | 35 | NR | NR | 205 |
Doubles
Tournament | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | W–L |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Australian Open | A | A | A | W | A | SF | A | A | NH | A | A | A | 3R | QF | 13–3 |
French Open | A | 2R | W | QF | A | F | QF | A | QF | A | A | A | 2R | QF | 24–7 |
Wimbledon | A | 1R | W | F | F | QF | F | W | 3R | QF | A | A | F | QF | 39–9 |
US Open | QF | 2R | SF | W | QF | SF | 3R | 2R | QF | F | A | QF | SF | A | 38–11 |
Year-end ranking | 4 | 5 | 10 | 10 | NR | 65 | 9 | 21 |
Mixed doubles
Tournament | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | W–L |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Australian Open | NH | NH | NH | NH | NH | NH | NH | NH | A | A | A | A | 2R | 1–1 |
French Open | A | 2R | A | A | A | A | A | W | A | A | A | 1R | QF | 9–3 |
Wimbledon | A | 1R | A | A | QF | F | SF | W | QF | A | A | 2R | 2R | 21–7 |
US Open | 2R | A | A | A | 2R | QF | 1R | QF | 2R | A | A | 1R | A | 7–7 |
Note: The Australian Open was held twice in 1977, in January and December.
References
- ↑ "Tennis". CWSA. Retrieved 2020-03-25.
- ↑ "UT LADY VOL VILMARIE CASTELLVI RECEIVES HONDA SPORTS AWARD FOR TENNIS". University of Tennessee Athletics. Retrieved 2020-04-16.