The Kattendijk Formation (also known as the Kattendijk Sands) is a five million years old marine geological formation north of Antwerp, Belgium. including the north-western parts of the Campine region. The area was named by De Heuter and Laga in 1976.[1] The sands range from medium fine to coarse and contain a large proportion of shell grit.[2][3]

Geology

The clay of the Rupelian era developed to a depth of approximately 70 m (230 ft) beneath a deposit of Neogene sand.[1] The formation has a Miocene Era aquifer, while the clay level dates to the Pliocene.[4]

Palaeontology

A Pliocene species of auk (Alca stewarti) was found in 2000.[5] A small oceanic dolphin, Pliodelphis, is also known from the formation.[6]

References

  1. 1 2 Schittekat, J. (2001). "Engineering geology of the Boom clay in the Antwerp area". In Holeyman, Alain E. (ed.). Screw Piles — Installation and Design in Stiff Clay. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9789058091925.
  2. ↑ van der Sijp, Jaap Willem Charles Marie, ed. (1973). New aspects of mineral and water resources in The Netherlands. The Hague: M. Nijhoff. OCLC 2367071.
  3. ↑ Deckers, J.; Louwye, S. (2020). "The architecture of the Kattendijk Formation and the implications on the early Pliocene depositional evolution of the southern margin of the North Sea Basin". Geologica Belgica. 23 (3–4): 323−331. doi:10.20341/gb.2020.017. hdl:1854/LU-8693840.
  4. ↑ Coetsiers, M.; Walraevens, K. (2009). "The Neogene Aquifer, Flanders, Belgium". In Edmunds, W. Mike; Shand, Paul (eds.). Natural groundwater quality. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781444300352.
  5. ↑ Martin, J.W.R.; Walker, C.A.; Bonser, R.; Dyke, Gareth J. (2000). "A new species of large auk from the Pliocene of Belgium". Oryctos. 3: 53–60. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  6. ↑ Belluzzo, A.; Lambert, O. (2021). "A new delphinid from the lower Pliocene of the North Sea and the early radiations of true dolphins". Fossil Record. 24 (1): 72−92. doi:10.5194/fr-24-77-2021.

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