Koraga
ಕೊರಗ
Native toIndia
EthnicityKoraga
Native speakers
45-50 (2018)[1]
Dravidian
  • Southern Dravidian
    • Tulu languages
      • Koraga
Kannada script, Malayalam script
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
kfd – Korra Koraga
vmd – Mudu Koraga
Glottologkora1289

Koraga (also rendered Koragar, Koragara, Korangi) is a Dravidian language spoken by the Koraga people, a Scheduled tribe people of Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, and Kerala in South West India. It is a dialect of Tulu language. The dialect spoken by the Koraga tribe in Kerala, Mudu Koraga, is divergent enough to not be intelligible with Korra Koraga.[2]

Classification

Koraga is a member of the Dravidian family of languages.[3][4] It is further classified into the Southern Dravidian family. Koraga is a spoken language and generally not written, whenever it is written it makes use of Kannada script. Koraga people are generally conversant in Tulu[5] and Kannada languages and hence use those languages as a medium for producing literature.

Dialects

According to Bhat, there are 4 dialects:[2]

All the speakers who speak Mudu dialect are bilingual with Kannada language and all speaking onti dialect are bilingual with Tulu language.[2] This has resulted a strong influence of Kannada on Mudu koraga and also similar influence of Tulu is seen on onti koraga dialect.[6] Majority of negative forms of onti koraga language are borrowed from Tulu language.[7]

Phonology

Vowels

Vowels[8]
Front Central Back
short long short long short long
High i iː ɨ u uː
Mid e eː o oː
Low a aː

Consonants

Consonants[8]
Bilabial Dental/
Alveolar		 Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop voiceless p t ʈ c k
voiced b d ɖ ɟ g
Fricative s
Approximant ʋ l j
Rhotic r

References

  1. ↑ "Gondi, Walmiki, Malhar, Korga: Mother tongues India risks losing". Hindustan Times. 4 May 2018. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 Bhat (1971), p. 2.
  3. ↑ Fairservis, Walter Ashlin (1997). The Harappan Civilization and Its Writing: A Model for the Decipherment of the Indus Script. Asian Studies. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 16. ISBN 978-90-04-09066-8.
  4. ↑ Stassen, Leon (1997). Intransitive Predication. Oxford Studies in Typology and Linguistic Theory. Oxford University Press. p. 220. ISBN 978-0-19-925893-2.
  5. ↑ Bhat (1971), p. 4.
  6. ↑ Bhat (1971), pp. 2, 4.
  7. ↑ Bhat (1971), p. 45.
  8. 1 2 Krishnamurti (2003), p. 68.

Bibliography

  • Bhat, D. N. Shankara (1971). The Koraga Language. Pune: Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute.
  • Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003). The Dravidian Languages. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-77111-5.


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