The designation Kosmos (Russian: Космос meaning Cosmos) is a generic name given to a large number of Soviet Union, and subsequently Russian, satellites, the first of which was launched in 1962. Satellites given Kosmos designations include military spacecraft, failed probes to the Moon and the planets, prototypes for crewed spacecraft, and scientific spacecraft. This is a list of satellites with Kosmos designations between 2501 and 2750.

Designation Type Launch date (UTC) Carrier rocket Function Decay Remarks[1][2]
Kosmos 2501GLONASS-K1 702K30 November 2014
21:52		Soyuz-2.1b/FregatNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 2502Lotos-S1 No.1 (802)25 December 2014
03:01		Soyuz-2.1bELINTin orbit
Kosmos 2503Bars-M 1L27 February 2015
11:01		Soyuz-2.1aCartography/Reconnaissancein orbit
Kosmos 2504Unknown31 March 2015
13:47		Rokot/Briz-KM 11A05Undisclosedin orbitPossible ASAT or close satellite monitoring test.
Kosmos 2505Kobalt-M №105 June 2015
15:23		Soyuz-2.1aOptical surveillancein orbit
Kosmos 2506Persona23 June 2015
16:44		Soyuz-2.1bReconnaissancein orbit
Kosmos 2507Strela-3M 1323 September 2015
21:59		Rokot-KMMilitary communicationsin orbit3 satellites in 1 launch
Kosmos 2508Strela-3M 14Military communicationsin orbit
Kosmos 2509Strela-3M 15Military communicationsin orbit
Kosmos 2510EKS-1
(Tundra 11L)		17 November 2015
06:33		Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-MMissile early warningin orbit
Kosmos 2511Kanopus-ST5 December 2015
14:08		Soyuz-2-1v/VolgaEarth observationfailed to separate2 satellites in 1 launch
Kosmos 2512KYuA-1Radar calibrationin orbit
Kosmos 2513Garpun-12L15 December 2015
11:03		Proton-M/Briz-MMilitary communicationsin orbit
Kosmos 2514GLONASS-M 7517 February 2016
03:21		Soyuz-2.1b/FregatNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 2515Bars-M 2L24 March 2016
09:42		Soyuz-2.1aCartography/Reconnaissancein orbit
Kosmos 2516GLONASS-M 75329 May 2016
03:21		Soyuz-2.1b/FregatNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 2517Geo-IK-2 (Geo-IK-2 12L)4 June 2016
14:00		Rokot/Briz-KMGeodesyin orbit
Kosmos 2518EKS-2
(Tundra 12L)		25 May 2017
06:33		Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-MMissile early warningin orbit
Kosmos 2519Napryazhenie / 14F150 / Nivelir[3][4]
23 June 2017
18:04		Soyuz-2.1v / VolgaUndisclosed. Presumedly military geodesy23 December 2021[5]
Kosmos 2520Blagovest-11L16 August 2017
22:07		Proton-M / Briz-MMilitary communicationsin orbit
Kosmos 2521Sputnik Inspektor23 June 2017
18:04		Soyuz-2.1v / VolgaUndisclosed12 September 2019Deployed from Kosmos 2519
Kosmos 2522GLONASS-M 75222 September 2017
00:02:32		Soyuz-2.1b/FregatNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 2523Unknown23 June 2017
18:04		Soyuz-2.1v / VolgaUndisclosedin orbitDeployed from Kosmos 2519
Kosmos 2524Lotos-S1 No.2 (803)2 December 2017
10:43:26		Soyuz-2.1bELINTin orbit
Kosmos 2525EMKA29 March 2018
16:45		Soyuz-2.1vEarth Observation1 April 2021Breakup occurred at about 4:43 GMT over the South Pacific Ocean
Kosmos 2526Blagovest-12L18 April 2018
22:12		Proton-M / Briz-MMilitary communicationsin orbit
Kosmos 2527GLONASS-M 75616 June 2018
21:30		Soyuz-2.1b/FregatNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 2528Lotos-S1 No.3 (804)25 October 2018
00:15		Soyuz-2.1bELINTin orbit
Kosmos 2529GLONASS-M 7573 November 2018
20:17		Soyuz-2.1b/FregatNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 2530Strela-3M 1623 November 2018
02:27		Rokot-KMMilitary communicationsin orbit3 satellites in 1 launch
Kosmos 2531Strela-3M 17Military communicationsin orbit
Kosmos 2532Strela-3M 18Military communicationsin orbit
Kosmos 2533Blagovest-13L21 December 2018
00:20		Proton-MMilitary communicationsin orbit
Kosmos 2534GLONASS-M 75827 May 2019
06:23		Soyuz-2.1b/Fregat-MNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 253514F150 No.2 / Nivelir-L (speculated)10 July 2019
18:04		Soyuz-2.1v / VolgaUndisclosed. Presumedly military geodesyin orbit4 classified military satellites in 1 launch. Kosmos 2535 separated into 10+ trackable objects Aug 2019.[6]
Kosmos 253614F150 No.2 / Nivelir-L (speculated)Undisclosed. Presumedly military geodesyin orbit
Kosmos 253714F150 No.2 / Nivelir-L (speculated)Undisclosed. Presumedly military geodesy7 October 2023[7]
Kosmos 253814F150 No.2 / Nivelir-L (speculated)Undisclosed. Presumedly military geodesyin orbit
Kosmos 2539Blagovest-14L5 August 2019
21:56		Proton-MMilitary communicationsin orbitInitial deployment of the Blagovest constellation completed.[8]
Kosmos 2540Geo-IK-2 No.3
(Musson 2)		30 August 2019
14:00		Rokot / Briz-KMGeodesyin orbitPenultimate flight of Rokot[9]
Kosmos 2541EKS-3
(Tundra 13L)		26 September 2019
07:43		Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-MMissile early warningin orbit[10]
Kosmos 2542Unknown
25 November 2019
17:52		Soyuz-2.1v / VolgaUndisclosed. Possible satellite inspection[11]24 October 2023
10:07[12]		[13][14]
Kosmos 2543UnknownUndisclosed. Possible satellite inspectionin orbitDeployed from Kosmos 2542. Claimed by US Space Force to have performed a weapons test in July 2020[15]
Kosmos 2544GLONASS-M 75911 December 2019
08:54		Soyuz-2.1b/Fregat-MNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 2545GLONASS-M 76016 March 2020
21:28		Soyuz-2.1b/Fregat-MNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 2546EKS-4
(Tundra 14L)		22 May 2020
10:31		Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-MMissile early warningin orbit
Kosmos 2547GLONASS-K 70525 October 2020
19:08		Soyuz-2.1b/Fregat-MNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 2548ERA 13 December 2020
01:14		Soyuz-2.1b/Fregat-MTechnologyin orbitCubesat of undisclosed size launched with 3 Gonets communication satellites as a piggyback payload, reportedly to test advanced microsystems of orientation and astronavigation.[16]
Kosmos 2549Lotos-S1 №42 February 2021
20:45		Soyuz-2.1bELINTin orbit
Kosmos 2550Pion-NKS №125 June 2021
19:50		Soyuz-2.1bSIGINTin orbit
Kosmos 2551EO MKA №19 September 2021
19:59		Soyuz-2.1v / VolgaReconnaissance20 Oct 2021Broke up over American Mid West at 12:43 a.m. EDT on 20 October 2021.[17]
Kosmos 2552EKS-5
(Tundra 15L)		25 November 2021
01:09		Soyuz-2.1b / FregatEarly warningin orbit
Kosmos 2553Neitron №15 February 2022
07:00		Soyuz-2.1a / FregatReconnaissancein orbit
Kosmos 2554Lotos-S1 №57 April 2022
11:20		Soyuz-2.1bELINTin orbit
Kosmos 2555EO MKA №229 April 2022
19:55		Angara 1.2Military18 May 2022It decayed on 18 May 2022 after no orbit-raising maneuvers were performed, indicating a possible spacecraft failure.[18]
Kosmos 2556Bars-M 3L19 May 2022
08:03		Soyuz-2.1aCartography/Reconnaissancein orbit
Kosmos 2557GLONASS-K 16L7 July 2022
09:18		Soyuz-2.1b / FregatNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 255814F150 Nivelir №31 August 2022 20:25Soyuz-2.1v / VolgaSurveillancein orbit
Kosmos 2559GLONASS-K 17L10 October 2022
02:52		Soyuz-2.1b / FregatNavigationin orbit
Kosmos 2560EO MKA №315 October 2022
22:55		Angara 1.2Military10 Dec 2022
01:54 UTC
Kosmos 2561MKA №1 (?)21 October 2022
19:20		Soyuz-2.1vSurveillancein orbitLaunched with Kosmos 2562.
Kosmos 2562MKA №2 (?)21 October 2022
19:20		Soyuz-2.1vSurveillance8 November 2023Launched with Kosmos 2561. Likely inspected Resurs-P No.3 in November 2022.[19] Decayed on 8 November 2023.[20]
Kosmos 2563 EKS-6 (Tundra 16L) 2 November 2022 06:48 Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Early warning in orbit
Kosmos 2564 GLONASS-M 761 28 November 2022 15:13 Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Navigation in orbit
Kosmos 2565 Lotos-S1 №6 30 November 2022 21:10 Soyuz-2.1b ELINT in orbit Carried Kosmos 2566.
Kosmos 2566 Unknown 30 November 2022 21:10 Soyuz-2.1b Undisclosed in orbit Released in-orbit by Kosmos 2565 on 3 December 2022.[21]
Kosmos 2567 Bars-M 4L 23 March 2023 06:40 Soyuz-2.1a Reconnaissance in orbit
Kosmos 2568 EO MKA №4 29 March 2023 19:57 Soyuz-2.1v Military in orbit
Kosmos 2569 GLONASS-K2 13L (K2 №1) 8 August 2023 13:20 Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Navigation in orbit First GLONASS-K2 satellite.
Kosmos 2570 Lotos-S1 №7 27 October 2023 06:04 Soyuz-2.1b ELINT in orbit Carried a secondary payload (Kosmos 2571) released a few days after the launch. [22]
Kosmos 2571 unknown 27 October 2023 06:04 Soyuz-2.1b unknown in orbit Launched with Kosmos 2570, detached a few days after the launch. [23]
Kosmos 2572 Razdan 1 25 November 2023 20:58 Soyuz-2.1b Reconnaissance in orbit
Kosmos 2573 Bars-M 5L 21 December 2023 08:48 Soyuz-2.1a Reconnaissance in orbit
Kosmos 2574 Razbeg No.1 27 December 2023 07:33 Soyuz-2.1v Reconnaissance in orbit

See also

References

  1. ↑ McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Report. Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  2. ↑ McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Report. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  3. ↑ "Soyuz-2-1v to launch a secret satellite".
  4. ↑ "Nivelir-ZU (14F150) ?". space.skyrocket.de. Archived from the original on 27 June 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
  5. ↑ "Russian military satellite that worked with inspector spacecraft burns in atmosphere". TASS. 23 December 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
  6. ↑ McDowell, Jonathan (20 January 2020). Space Activities 2019 (PDF) (Report) (1.3 ed.). p. 25. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  7. ↑ "COSMOS 2537". N2YO.com. 7 October 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  8. ↑ Graham, William (5 August 2019). "Proton-M launches fourth Blagovest satellite". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
  9. ↑ Graham, William (30 August 2019). "Russia's Rokot vehicle launches Geo-IK-2 satellite". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
  10. ↑ Graham, William (26 September 2019). "Soyuz 2-1B launches latest Tundra satellite". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
  11. ↑ "Минобороны вывело на орбиту военный спутник-инспектор" [MoD deployed a military satellite inspector] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 25 November 2019. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  12. ↑ Jonathan McDowell [@planet4589] (25 October 2023). "Russia's Kosmos-2542 satellite, launched in 2019, gained some notoriety in 2020 for shadowing a US spy satellite, USA 245. It reentered over Samara, Russia on Oct 24 at 1007 UTC. The satellite appears to have been decommissioned in May" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  13. ↑ Graham, William; Bergin, Chris (25 November 2019). "Soyuz 2-1v lofts mystery military satellite". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  14. ↑ Grush, Loren (31 January 2020). "A Russian satellite seems to be tailing a US spy satellite in Earth orbit". The Verge.
  15. ↑ Patel, Neil (23 July 2020). "The US says Russia just tested an anti-satellite weapon in orbit". MIT Technology Review.
  16. ↑ "ERA 1".
  17. ↑ Wall, Mike (20 October 2021). "Failed Russian spy satellite falls to Earth in brilliant fireball". Space.com. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
  18. ↑ Jonathan McDowell [@planet4589] (18 May 2022). "The Kosmos-2555 payload launched on the Angara-1.2 test mission last month reentered this morning, May 18, after failing to make any orbital maneuvers. SpaceTrack reports reentry between 0116 and 0230 UTC" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  19. ↑ Erwin, Sandra (6 November 2023). "LeoLabs data shows on-orbit maneuvers by Russian satellites". SpaceNews. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
  20. ↑ "COSMOS 2562". N2YO.com. 8 November 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  21. ↑ Jonathan McDowell [@planet4589] (25 December 2022). "At about 1430 UTC Dec 24, the second payload from the Nov 30 Soyuz launch (putative Kosmos-2566) seems to have released a new object, 54817 / 2022-163D. The two objects are in the same orbit as the primary payload from the launch, K-2565, but are currently about 5000 km from it" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  22. ↑ Jonathan McDowell [@planet4589] (31 October 2023). "Space Force has cataloged a new object from the 2023-165 launch in an 893 x 914 km x 67.1 deg orbit. The main payload, Kosmos-2570, was last tracked in a 245 x 899 km orbit - it has probably made a circularization burn and released the new object, a small subsatellite" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  23. ↑ Jonathan McDowell [@planet4589] (31 October 2023). "Space Force has cataloged a new object from the 2023-165 launch in an 893 x 914 km x 67.1 deg orbit. The main payload, Kosmos-2570, was last tracked in a 245 x 899 km orbit - it has probably made a circularization burn and released the new object, a small subsatellite" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
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