Lê Hồng Phong
General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
de facto
In office
27 October 1931 – 26 July 1936
Preceded byTrần Phú
Succeeded byHà Huy Tập
Personal details
Born(1902-09-06)6 September 1902
Nghệ An Province, French Indochina
Died6 September 1942(1942-09-06) (aged 40)
Côn Đảo, French Indochina
Political partyCommunist Party of Vietnam

Lê Hồng Phong (6 September 1902 – 6 September 1942) was the second leader of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV); he led the party through the office of General Secretary of the Overseas Executive Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam.[1] The Overseas Executive Committee was the only body of the CPV left intact after increased repression by the French authorities in Indochina.

Early life

He was born on September 6, 1902, to a poor family in Nghệ An. Due to hardship, at 16, he applied to work as a salesman in Vinh to earn more money for his family. Some time later, he moved to Ben Thuy match factory workers and was dismissed for mobilizing workers to fight for exploitation rights with employers. From there, he entered the road as a professional revolutionary.[2]

Overseas activities

In January 1924, he and 10 youths, including Phạm Văn Tích's fellow countrymen, went to Thailand, then crossed to Guangzhou, China. Here, he and Lê Hồng Sơn, Lê Quang Đạt met Nguyễn Ái Quốc and was admitted to the revolutionary organization Tam Tam Commune (also known as Tan Viet Youth Union). He is one of nine nuclear members of the Viet Nam Youth Revolution Association.

In the summer of 1925, Lê Hồng Sơn and Lê Quang Đạt were introduced to the Hoàng Phố Military Academy. One year later, he was sent to study at the Guangzhou Air School. Here, in February 1926, introduced by Nguyễn Ái Quốc, he was admitted to the Chinese Communist Party. In August 1927, he and the Vietnamese volunteer youth group were studying at the Guangzhou Air Force School to study at the Soviet Air Force School.

However, thanks to good health, he was the only one in the group to continue studying at the Soviet Air Force School. From October 1926 to October 1927, he attended the Military Theory School in Leningrad (Soviet Union). From December 1927 to November 1928, he attended the 2nd Air Force Academy in Borisoglebsk (Soviet Union). From December 1928, he attended the Communist International University of the Communist International in Moscow (Soviet Union) with the alias Litvinov (Литвинов). After graduation, he joined the Red Army with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel.

Establishment of Overseas Commission

At the end of 1931, with the name of Vương Nhật Dân, he returned to China. At that time, in the country, communist organizations were strongly suppressed by the colonial government. In 1932, under the direction of the Communist International, he and some other comrades sought to contact the Party organization in the country to revive the movement and program the party's actions after the Party suffered heavy losses.

In June 1932, the Indochinese Communist Party issued the Communist International Action Program. Under the direction of the Communist International, in March 1934, in Macau, the Commander-in-Chief of the Indochinese Communist Party was established, in which he served as Secretary . As the situation of the Central Committee was almost paralyzed, the Overseas Command and the Interim Central Committee had the task of communicating between the Indochinese Communist Party and the Communist International and the parties. You reorganize the staff training for the country, publishes the Bolshevik Boom - the ruling body of the Party Central Committee, gathers and restores Party bases, prepares to convene the Party Congress Best.

From June 16 to 21, 1934, the Conference of the Commander-in-Chief of the Indochinese Communist Party and representatives of the Party organizations in the country were organized, including Lê Hồng Phong, Hà Huy Tập, Nguyễn Văn Dựt, Nguyễn Văn Tham and Trần Văn Chấn . The conference adopted the Political Resolution and the Resolution on Organizational Matters.

Works from 1935 until his death

In March 1935, at the First Congress of the Party in Macau, Lê Hồng Phong was elected General Secretary. In July 1935, Lê Hồng Phong led the Party delegation to the International Congress in Moscow. The Congress recognized the Party as the official Communist Party and elected him a member of the Executive Committee of the Communist International. In January 1936, he went to China and convened the Central Party Congress in Shanghai In July 1936 . On November 10, 1937, he returned to Vietnam to work as La Anh. In March 1938, he attended the Central Conference in Hóc Môn , which decided to establish the "Indochinese Democratic Front". On June 22, 1939, he was arrested for the first time in Saigon and sentenced to 6 months imprisonment and expelled to his hometown of Nghệ An. On February 6, 1940, he was arrested for the second time, sentenced to five years in prison and exiled to Saigon and Côn Đảo. On September 6, 1942, he died while in prison in Côn Đảo on his 40th birthday.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Vietnamese Royal Exile in Japan Page 114
  2. ↑ Thông tin chiến sĩ cách mạng Bảo tàng Xô Viết Nghệ Tĩnh
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