The L Legislature of the Mexican Congress of Union met from 1976 to 1979. It consisted of senators and deputies who were members of their respective chambers. They began their duties on September 1, 1976 and ended on August 31, 1979.

The senators and deputies were elected to office in the 1976 elections. The senators were elected for a period of six years (so they maintained their seat in the next legislature), and the deputies were elected for a period of three years.

Members

The make up of the L Legislature was as follows:

Senate of the Republic

The members of the Mexican Senate were elected two from each state and the Federal District, giving a total of 64 senators. For the first time in history a senator was elected who did not belong to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).[1] Jorge Cruickshank García had been nominated by the PPS,[1] however the PRI did not lose this seat, because it formed an electoral alliance with the winning party. Thus this senator posed no opposition to the PRI or the government during his term.

Number of Senators by political party

PartySenators
Institutional Revolutionary Party63
Popular Socialist Party1

The 64 Senators forming the L Legislature are the following:

Senators by state

StateSenatorPartyStateSenatorParty
AguascalientesRodolfo Landeros Gallegos
NayaritLeobardo Ramos Martínez
AguascalientesHéctor Hugo Olivares Ventura[1]
NayaritDaniel Espinoza Galindo
Baja CaliforniaRafael García Vázquez
Replaced Roberto de la Madrid Romandía
Nuevo LeónNapoleón Gómez Sada
Baja CaliforniaOscar Baylón Chacón
Nuevo LeónAdrián Yáñez Martínez
Baja California SurAlberto Alvarado Arámburo
OaxacaRodolfo Alaves Flores
Baja California SurVíctor Manuel Liceaga Ruibal
Replaced Marcelo Rubio Ruiz[lower-alpha 1]
OaxacaJorge Cruickshank García[1]
CampecheRosa María Martínez Denegri
Replaced Carlos Sansores Pérez
PueblaHoracio Labastida Muñoz
CampecheJoaquín Repetto Ocampo
Replaced Fernando Rafful Miguel
PueblaBlas Chumacero
ChiapasRoberto Corzo Gay
QuerétaroRafael Camacho Guzmán
ChiapasHoracio Castellanos Coutiño
QuerétaroTelésforo Trejo Uribe
ChihuahuaÓscar Ornelas
Quintana RooVicente Coral Martínez
ChihuahuaMario Carballo Pazos
Quintana RooJosé Blanco Peyrefitte
CoahuilaEliseo Mendoza Berrueto
San Luis PotosíRafael Tristán López
CoahuilaGustavo Guerra Castaños
San Luis PotosíFrancisco Padrón Puyou
ColimaGriselda Álvarez
SinaloaHilda Anderson Nevárez
ColimaAntonio Salazar y Salazar
SinaloaGilberto Ruiz Almada
DurangoIgnacio Castillo Mena
SonoraJuan José Gastelum García
DurangoTomás Rangel Perales
SonoraAdolfo de la Huerta Oriol
GuanajuatoEuquerio Guerrero López
TabascoAntonio Ocampo Ramírez
Replaced Carlos Pellicer
GuanajuatoJesús Cabrera Muñoz Ledo
TabascoNicolás Reynés Berazaluce
Replaced David Gustavo Gutiérrez
GuerreroJorge Soberón Acevedo
TamaulipasMorelos Jaime Canseco González
GuerreroAlejandro Cervantes Delgado
TamaulipasMartha Chávez Padrón
HidalgoHumberto Lugo Gil
TlaxcalaJesús Hernández Rojas
HidalgoVacant
By leave of Guillermo Rossell de la Lama and
Jorge Rojo Lugo
TlaxcalaRafael Minor Franco
JaliscoJosé María Martínez Rodríguez
VeracruzSilverio Ricardo Alvarado
JaliscoArnulfo Villaseñor Saavedra
VeracruzSergio Martínez Mendoza
State of MexicoLeonardo Rodríguez Alcaine
YucatánVíctor Cervera Pacheco
State of MexicoGustavo Baz
YucatánGraciliano Alpuche Pinzón
MichoacánJosé Luis Escobar Herrera
Replaced Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano
ZacatecasJorge Gabriel García Rojas
MichoacánGuillermo Morfín García
ZacatecasJosé Guadalupe Cervantes Corona
MorelosAngel Ventura Valle
Federal District of MexicoLuis del Toro Calero
Replaced Hugo Cervantes del Río
MorelosJavier Rondero Zubieta
Federal District of MexicoJoaquín Gamboa Pascoe

Chamber of Deputies

In the L Legislature, the Chamber of Deputies was composed of a total of 238 deputies, of which 196 were elected by majority vote in each constituency and 41 more were deputies by party. These were allocated in proportion to the votes that the non-winning parties obtained in the districts.

The composition of the House of Representatives in the L Legislature was as follows:

Number of Deputies by political party

PartyDeputies
Institutional Revolutionary Party196[2]
National Action Party20[2]
Popular Socialist Party12[2]
Partido Auténtico de la Revolución Mexicana9[2]

Deputies from single-member districts (plurality)

StateDistrictDeputyPartyStateDistrictDeputyParty
Aguascalientes1Jesús Martínez GortariMéxico8Armando Labra Manjarrez
Aguascalientes2Camilo López GómezMéxico9Juan Ortíz Montoya
Baja California1Ricardo Eguía ValderramaMéxico10José Luis García García
Baja California2Alfonso Ballesteros PelayoMéxico11Guillermo Choussal Valladares
Baja California3Alfonso Garzón SantibáñezMéxico12Cecilio Salas Gálvez
Baja California Sur1Víctor Manuel Peralta OsunaMéxico13Pedro Ávila Hernández
Baja California Sur2Agapito Duarte HernándezMéxico14Armando Hurtado Navarro
Campeche1Abelardo Carrillo ZavalaMéxico15Héctor Ximénez González
Campeche2Jorge Muñoz Icthé Michoacán1Nicanor Gómez Reyes
Chiapas1Jaime Sabines Michoacán2Antonio Jaimes Aguilar
Chiapas2Fernando Correa SuárezMichoacán3Raúl Lemus García
Chiapas3Homero Tovilla CristianiMichoacán4Roberto Garibay Ochoa
Chiapas4Manuel Villafuerte MijangosMichoacán5Jaime Bravo Ramírez
Chiapas5Gonzalo Esponda ZebadúaMichoacán6Eduardo Estrada Pérez
Chiapas6Leonardo León Cerpa Michoacán7Juan Rodríguez González
Chihuahua1Alberto Ramírez GutiérrezMichoacán8Héctor Terán Torres
Chihuahua2Oswaldo Rodríguez GonzálezMichoacán9Roberto Ruiz del Río
Chihuahua3José Reyes Estrada AguirreMorelos1Antonio Riva Palacio López
Chihuahua4Juan Ernesto Madera PrietoMorelos2Filomeno López Rea
Chihuahua5Artemio Iglesias Nayarit1Ignacio Langarica Quintana
Chihuahua6José Refugio Mar de la RosaNayarit2María Hilaria Domínguez Arvizu
Coahuila1José de las Fuentes RodríguezNuevo León1Carlota Vargas Garza
Coahuila2Carlos Ortiz TejedaNuevo León2Heriberto Santos Lozano
Coahuila3Fernando Cabrera RodríguezNuevo León3Raúl Caballero Escamilla
Coahuila4Julián Muñoz UrestiNuevo León4Eleazar Ruiz Cerda
Colima1Ramón Serrano García Nuevo León5Arturo Luna Lugo
Colima2Fernando Moreno Peña Nuevo León6Jesús Puente Leyva
Federal District1Eduardo Andrade Sánchez[3]Nuevo León7Roberto Olivares Vera
Federal District2José Salvador Lima ZunoOaxaca1Lucía Betanzos de Bay
Federal District3Carlos Riva Palacio VelazcoOaxaca2Gustavo Santaella Cortés
Federal District4Enrique Ramírez y RamírezOaxaca3Ericel Gómez Nucamendi
Federal District5Miguel Molina HerreraOaxaca4Ernesto Aguilar Flores
Federal District6Alfonso Rodríguez RiveraOaxaca5Luis Candelario Jiménez Sosa
Federal District7María Elena Márques de Torruco[4]Oaxaca6Heladio Ramírez López
Federal District8Julio César Mena BritoOaxaca7Zoraida Bernal de Badillo
Federal District9Venustiano Reyes LópezOaxaca8Julio Esponda Solana
Federal District10Gloria Carrillo SalinasOaxaca9Raúl Bolaños Cacho Guzmán
Federal District11Jaime Aguilar ÁlvarezPuebla1Nicolás Pérez Pavón
Federal District12Miguel López RiverollPuebla2Jorge Domínguez Ramírez
Federal District13Rodolfo González GuevaraPuebla3Antonio Montes García
Federal District14Jorge Mendicutti NegretePuebla4Antonio Hernández Jiménez
Federal District15Juan José Osorio PalaciosPuebla5Sacramento Jofre Vázquez
Federal District16Alfonso Argudín LariaPuebla6Antonio Tenorio Adame
Federal District17Héctor Hernández CasanovaPuebla7Guadalupe López Bretón
Federal District18Hugo Díaz VelázquezPuebla8Jesús Sarabia y Ordóñez
Federal District19Abraham Martínez RiveroPuebla9Jorge Murad Macluf
Replaced Manuel Rivera Anaya
Federal District20Jesús González BalandranoPuebla10Adolfo Rodríguez Juárez
Federal District21Martha Andrade de Del RosalQuerétaro1Eduardo Ugalde Vargas
Federal District22Ifigenia Martínez[5]Querétaro2Vicente Montes Velázquez
Federal District23Enrique Soto IzquierdoQuintana Roo1Carlos Gómez Barrera
Federal District24Enrique Álvarez del CastilloQuintana Roo2Emilio Oxte Tah
Federal District25Celia Torres de SánchezSan Luis Potosí1Roberto Leyva Torres
Federal District26Humberto Serrano Pérez[6]San Luis Potosí2Guadalupe Vega Macías
Federal District27Hugo Roberto Castro ArandaSan Luis Potosí3Víctor Maldonado Moreleón
Durango1Ángel Sergio Guerrero MierSan Luis Potosí4Héctor González Lárraga
Durango2Maximiliano Silerio EsparzaSan Luis Potosí5Eusebio López Sáinz
Durango3Salvador Reyes NevárezSinaloa1Tolentino Rodríguez Félix
Durango4José Ramírez GameroSinaloa2Felipe Armenta Gallardo
Guanajuato1Esteban Mario GaraizSinaloa3Rafael Oceguera Ramos
Guanajuato2Enrique Gómez GuerraSinaloa4Antonio Toledo Corro
Guanajuato3Juan Varela MayorgaSinaloa5Patricio Robles Robles
Guanajuato4Miguel Montes GarcíaSonora1Ricardo Castillo Peralta
Guanajuato5Aurelio García SierraSonora2César Augusto Tapia Quijada
Guanajuato6Alfredo Carrillo JuárezSonora3José Luis Vargas González
Guanajuato7Enrique León HernándezSonora4Bernabé Arana León
Guanajuato8Graciela Meave TorrescanoTabasco1Luis Priego Ortiz
Guanajuato9Donaciano Luna HernándezTabasco2Roberto Madrazo Pintado
Guerrero1Isaías Gómez SalgadoTabasco3Francisco Rabelo Cupido
Guerrero2Isaías Duarte MartínezTamaulipas1Abdón Rodríguez Sánchez
Guerrero3Miguel Bello PinedaTamaulipas2Oscar Mario Santos Gómez
Guerrero4Hortensia Santoyo de MartínezTamaulipas3Agapito González Cavazos
Guerrero5Reveriano García CastrejónTamaulipas4Aurora Cruz de Mora
Guerrero6Salustio Salgado GuzmánTamaulipas5Fernando San Pedro Salem
Hidalgo1Ladislao Castillo FeregrinoTamaulipas6Julio Martínez Rodríguez
Hidalgo2Luis José Dorantes SegoviaTlaxcala1Nazario Romero Díaz
Hidalgo3Efraín Mera AriasTlaxcala2Antonio Vega García
Hidalgo4José Antonio Zorrilla PérezVeracruz1Guilebaldo Flores Fuentes
Hidalgo5Vicente Trejo CallejasVeracruz2Pericles Namorado Urrutia
Jalisco1Guillermo Cosío VidaurriVeracruz3Emilio Salgado Zubiaga
Jalisco2Reynaldo Dueñas VillaseñorVeracruz4Manuel Gutiérrez Zamora Zamudio
Jalisco3Félix Flores GómezVeracruz5Seth Cardeña Luna
Jalisco4Porfirio Cortés Silva Veracruz6Carlos Manuel Vargas Sánchez
Jalisco5José Mendoza Padilla Veracruz7Daniel Nogueira Huerta
Jalisco6Rigoberto González QuezadaVeracruz8Celeste Castillo Moreno
Jalisco7Ma. Refugio Castillón CoronadoVeracruz9Mario Martínez Dector
Jalisco8Ricardo Chávez PérezVeracruz10Pastor Munguía González
Jalisco9María Guadalupe Urzúa FloresVeracruz11Miguel Portela Cruz
Jalisco10Francisco Javier Santillán OcegueraVeracruz12Mario Hernández Posadas
Jalisco11Héctor Castañeda JiménezVeracruz13Francisco Cinta Guzmán
Jalisco12Rafael González PimientaVeracruz14Juan Meléndez Pacheco
Jalisco13Jesús Alberto Mora LópezVeracruz15Eduardo Thomae Domínguez
México1Gildardo HerreraYucatán1Mirna Hoyos Schlamme
México2Josefina Esquivel de QuintanaYucatán2Rubén Calderón Cecilio
México3José Delgado ValleYucatán3Víctor Manzanilla Schaffer
México4Arturo Martínez LegorretaZacatecas1Gustavo Salinas Íñiguez
México5José Martínez MartínezZacatecas2Crescencio Herrera Herrera
México6Rosendo Franco EscamillaZacatecas3José Leal Longoria
México7Julio Zamora BátizZacatecas4Julián Macías Pérez

Deputies by party

DeputyPartyDeputyPartyDeputyParty
Fausto Alarcón Escalona
José Ortega Mendoza
Eugenio Soto Sánchez
Gonzalo Altamirano Dimas
Francisco Pedraza Villarreal
Rafael Campos López
María Elena Álvarez Bernal
Francisco José Peniche Bolio
Víctor Manuel Carrasco
Miguel Campos Martínez
Adrián Peña Soto
Felipe Cerecedo López
Guillermo Carlos de Carcer
Jacinto Silva Flores
Alberto Contreras Valencia
Jorge Garabito Martínez
Juan Torres Ciprés
Francisco Hernández Juárez
Ramón Garcilita Partida
Saúl Castorena Monterrubio
Marcela Lombardo Otero
Miguel Hernández Labastida
Fortino Garza Cárdenas
Jesús Luján Gutiérrez
Guillermo Islas Olguín
Pedro González Azcuaga
Francisco Ortiz Mendoza
Sergio Lujambio Rafols
Raúl Guillén Pérez Vargas
Román Ramírez Contreras
Rosalba Magallón Camacho
Manuel Hernández Alvarado
Héctor Ramírez Cuéllar
José Luis Martínez Galicia
Edilio Hinojosa López
Idelfonso Reyes Soto
Tomás Nava de la Rosa
Apolinar Ramírez Meneses
Ezequiel Rodríguez Otal
Teodoro Ortega García
Arcelia Sánchez

Presidents of the high commission of the Camara of Deputies

  • (1976 - 1977): Augusto Gómez Villanueva
  • (1977 - 1979): Rodolfo González Guevara
  • (1979): Antonio Riva Palacio López

Main accomplishments

It was the L Legislature that, in 1977, adopted the first political reforms to occur in Mexico. This reform, negotiated by Secretary of the Interior Jesús Reyes Heroles, included legal recognition of political organizations from the left, traditionally marginalized and pushed into armed struggle, especially after the events of 1968 and which degenerated into a dirty war during the 1970s.[7]

Legal reform, known formally as the Ley de Organizaciones Políticas y Procedimientos Electorales (LOPPE) (Law of Political Organizations and Electoral Procedures), defined and made possible procedures for the registration of new political parties (in 1977 legally there were only the PRI, the National Action Party) (PAN), the Popular Socialist Party (PPS) and the Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution (PARM)).[2] This allowed for the registration, for the first time in 40 years of the Mexican Communist Party, which was followed by the National Assembly of the Socialist Left, the Mexican Democratic Party and the Social Democratic Party.

In addition, the (LOPPE) increased the size of the Chamber of Deputies, increasing the number of electoral districts from 196 to 300, and establishing deputies by proportional representation, replacing the previous deputies by party.[7] There would be 100 such positions, resulting in the Chamber of Deputies, being composed of 400 deputies.[2]

See also

Notes

  1. Rubio Ruiz died on 6 January 1977.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Becerril, Andrés (11 February 2013). "Equipo forjado en la tribuna, curtidos en la arena legislativa". Excelsior. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Martinez, Sarah (May 8–9, 1999). "Changing campaign strategies in Mexico: The effects of electoral reforms on political parties" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 30, 2000. Retrieved 1 June 2013.
  3. "H. Congreso del Estado de Veracruz". Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  4. "Falleció la primera actriz María Elena Marqués". El Siglo de Durango. 12 November 2008.
  5. "Consejeros Ciudadanos para dar seguimiento al plan para la prevención y el combate a la corrupción". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  6. "Fallece Humberto Serrano Pérez, líder máximo de la CAM". Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  7. 1 2 Klesner, Joseph L. (28–31 August 1997). "Electoral reform in Mexico's hegemonic party system: Perpetuation of privilege or democratic advance?". Retrieved 31 May 2013.
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