Leo Armand Paquette (July 15, 1934 – January 21, 2019)^[1] was an American organic chemist.

Biography

Paquette was born on July 15, 1934. He received his B.S. degree in 1956 from the College of the Holy Cross and his Ph.D. in organic chemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1959 with professor Norman Allan Nelson. After serving as a research associate at the Upjohn Company from 1959 to 1963, he joined the faculty of Ohio State University (OSU).

Paquette was promoted to full professor at OSU in 1969 and was named Distinguished University Professor in 1987. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1984, and was the founding editor of the Electronic Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (e-EROS).^[2] Paquette is perhaps best known for achieving the first total synthesis of the Platonic solid dodecahedrane.^[3]

Scientific misconduct

In 1993, an Ohio State University investigation found that Paquette had plagiarized sections from an unfunded NIH grant application, for which he was a reviewer, and included the text in his own NIH grant application. The Office of Research Integrity agreed with the university investigation and "required institutional certification of proper attribution in any future grant proposals" from Paquette and "prohibited him from serving on Public Health Service Advisory Committees, Boards, or review groups" for ten years.^[4]

For a separate plagiarism incident that occurred in 1991, the Ohio State University investigatory panel found that Paquette had plagiarized a NSF proposal, that he was also a reviewer for, and included sections in a paper he published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society. The NSF's Office of Inspector General (OIG) found that Paquette knowingly "submitted falsified evidence for the purpose of disproving the misconduct in science charge" and made "false statements under oath in the OIG investigation concerning the authenticity of the evidence". The falsified evidence consisted of a computer disk that included a "'mock draft,' a copy of the paper's final draft that Paquette had marked up to look like an earlier draft" and was back-dated prior to Paquette's review of the NSF proposal and, importantly, prior to the manufacture of the disk. The US Secret Service also found that someone had attempted to erase the lot number of the disk. In 1998, the NSF entered into a binding settlement with Paquette: Paquette would voluntarily exclude himself from any federal funding for two years and the NSF would not "issue a finding of misconduct in science".^[5][6]

Honors

Paquette's honors include Sloan Fellow, Guggenheim Fellow, ACS Award for Creative Work in Synthetic Organic Chemistry, and the Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award of the ACS.

Books

• Encyclopedia of reagents for organic synthesis, 2009
• Handbook of reagents for organic synthesis, 1999-2007
• Organic Reactions, Editor-In-Chief, Vols. 38-55
• Encyclopedia of reagents for organic synthesis, 1995
• Comprehensive Organic Synthesis: Combining C-C pi-bonds, 1992
• Polyquinane chemistry : syntheses and reactions, 1987
• Recent synthetic developments in polyquinane chemistry, 1984
• Organic chemistry, 1979
• Principles of modern heterocyclic chemistry, 1968

Further reading

• Nickon, Alex; Silversmith, Ernest F. (2013). Organic Chemistry: The Name Game: Modern Coined Terms and Their Origins. Amsterdam, NLD: Elsevier. pp. 7–10, 15, 54, 91, 202, 206, 251, 296f. ISBN 978-1483145235. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
• Paquette, Leo A.; Crouse, Gary D. (1981). "Stereocontrolled Preparation of Precursors to all Primary Prostaglandins from Butadiene". In D.H.R. Barton (ed.). R.B. Woodward Remembered: A Collection of Papers in Honour of Robert Burns Woodward 1917-1979 (Tetrahedron 37, Supplement 1). Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press. pp. 281–287. ISBN 978-1483286082. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
• Paquette, Leo A.; Orchin, Milton (1998). "Melvin Spencer Newman, March 10, 1908-May 30, 1993". Biographical Memoirs (Volume 73). Biographical Memoirs: A Series. Washington, DC, USA: National Academies Press. pp. 335–346. ISBN 978-0309591683. Retrieved 29 January 2016.

See also

• List of scientific misconduct incidents

References