Coat of Arms of the Royal Bavarian State Railways

This List covers the locomotives and railbuses of the Bavarian railways, excluding those of the Palatinate (Pfalz). The locomotives and railbuses of the Palatinate when it belonged to Bavaria are in the List of Palatine locomotives and railbuses.

Locomotives of the Bavarian Ludwigbahn (Bayerische Ludwigsbahn)

see: Bavarian Ludwigsbahn

Locomotives of the Munich-Augsburg Railway Company (München-Augsburger Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft)

Name Bavarian Class Quantity Year of Manufacture Type Remarks
JUPITER and JUNOnone218371A1 n2supplied by Robert Stephenson and Company
VESTA and VENUSnone218381A1 n2supplied by Sharp, Roberts and Company
VULKAN and MARSnone218381A1 n2supplied by Fenton, Murray and Jackson
MERKUR and DIANAnone218411A1 n2supplied by Robert Stephenson and Company

Locomotives of the Royal Bavarian State Railways

Designation of State Railway Locomotives

Names and numbers of locomotives

In the beginning, locomotives of the Royal Bavarian State Railways were given names. The locomotive name was displayed in raised capital letters on a brass plate on the side of the boiler or, in the case of tank locomotives, on the side of the water tank.

Locomotives were given the names of both Bavarian and foreign places, rivers, lakes and mountains, the names of important people from art and science, as well as the names of literary and mythological figures. Even a few animal names were used.

Examples: BAVARIA, WÜRZBURG, ALTMÜHL, FUNTENSEE, WATZMANN, COPERNICUS, FAUST, ODYSSEUS, PANTHER

Locomotives with names were also given a so-called inventory number that was displayed in small figures on the chimney and on the rear wall of the tender or, in the case of tank engines, on the rear wall of the driver's cab.

Inventory numbers ran in sequence on new locomotives entering service, regardless of class or type. Names and inventory numbers of withdrawn locomotives were usually reallocated to newly delivered machines. The name plates were then re-used.

Example: The Class C IV PASING 113, built in 1889, received the name and inventory number of a Class A V mustered out that year.

Names and inventory numbers were used for the last time in 1892. The state railway then went over to railway or running numbers, whereby locomotives of the same class or type were reserved a specified sequential range of numbers. The assignment of number ranges did not follow any recognisable logic. The number plates were designed in the same way and displayed in the same places as the name plates.

Older classification scheme

The older classification scheme introduced in 1847 divided the locomotives into five groups differentiated by capital letters:

  • A – Locomotives with one driven axle
  • B – Locomotives with two coupled axles
  • C – Locomotives with three coupled axles
  • D – Tank locomotives
  • E – Locomotives with four coupled axles

Locomotive classes were indicated with Roman numerals after the letter; these numbers ran in the same sequence as the introduction of the locomotives classes into service. There was no distinction between locomotives used for different purposes.

Example: Bavarian B V, Bavarian D XI

Because there were only locomotives with one, two or three driven axles at the time when this classification system was introduced, they were given the letters A, B and C respectively. When tank engines were brought into service in 1871, the use of four coupled axles was still not conceivable, so tank locomotives were given the class letter D. However, when goods train locomotives with four coupled axles then appeared towards the end of the 19th century, they had, absurdly, to be given the designation E I.

The system was further expanded in 1896 on the appearance of locomotives with separate running gear:

  • AA – Locomotives with Vorspannachse (Locomotives with a driven axle and a raisable 'dolly axle' (Hilfsachse) to assist starting)
  • BB – Mallet locomotives, which have two separate sets of coupled driving gear

Examples: AA I, Bavarian BB II

To differentiate between two-cylinder (Zwillings-) and compound (Verbund-) locomotives in the case of Classes B XI and C IV the class designation was supplemented with:

  • Zw for locomotives with two-cylinder driving gear
  • Vbd (also Vb or Verb) for locomotives with compound driving gear

Examples: B XI Zw, C IV Vbd

These additional letters were not inscribed on the engines themselves.

Narrow gauge locomotives for the only narrow gauge line in the state railways which then existed fell outside the boundaries of this system. These were given the abbreviation LE (for Lokalbahn Eichstätt) and Roman numerals from I to V. In addition these locomotives also displayed inventory numbers.

Classification scheme of 1901

Because of technical advances and the requirements of railway operations, this scheme was no longer able to cope, so a new system was introduced in 1901.

This consisted of several elements:

A leading capital letter indicated the locomotive class:

  • S – Schnellzuglokomotive = express train locomotive
  • P – Personenzuglokomotive = passenger train locomotive
  • G – Güterzuglokomotive = goods train locomotive
  • R – Rangierlokomotive = shunting locomotive
  • M – Motorwagen = rail motor vehicle
  • E – elektrischer Antrieb = electric locomotive (from 1913, precedes the locomotive class)

The locomotive class could be elaborated on with one or more additional letters:

  • t – Tenderlokomotive = tank locomotive (not used for shunting engines)
  • z – Zahnradlokomotive = cogwheel locomotive
  • s – Schmalspurlokomotive = narrow gauge locomotive
  • L – Lokalbahn = branch line

Then followed the ratio of the coupled axles to the total number of axles, separated by a forward slash e. g. 3/5.

To distinguish between superheated and wet steam locomotives of the same class, an "H" or an "N" was added at the end of the classification.

Examples:

  • So a Class S 3/6 meant an express engine (Schnellzuglokomotive) with 3 coupled axles and 6 axles in total – i.e. 3 carrying axles.
  • The Pt 2/5 N is a passenger train tank engine (Personenzugtenderlokomotive) with 2 coupled axles and a total of 5 axles – i.e. 3 carrying axles – using wet or saturated steam (Naßdampfausführung.)
  • EP 3/5 meant an electric passenger train locomotive (Elektrische Personenzuglokomotive) with 3 driven axles and 5 axles in all – i.e. two carrying axles.

The new classification system was only applied to those locomotives newly entering service. So up to 1920 two different classification systems existed together. With the foundation of the Deutsche Reichsbahn, later the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (DRG) the Bavarian classification system was abolished.

Steam locomotives

Locomotives of the early period for all types of train

Class Number(s) Quantity Year(s) of Manufacture Type Remarks
A Inames241844–18451A1 n25 locos rebuilt into B I and 4 into C I
DER MÜNCHNER118411A1 n2Maffei's first engine, purchased by the state railway in 1845
A IInames131847–18481A1 n23 locos rebuilt into B I and 6 locos into C I
A IIInames41851–18521A1 n22 locos rebuilt into B I and 2 locos into C I
A IVnames81852–18531A1 n21 loco rebuilt firstly into B I and then into C I
A Vnames241853–18551A1 n2
B Inames221847–18501B n2
names(11)(1859–1876)1B n2Rebuild from 5 A I, 3 A II, 2 A III and 1 A IV
B IInames141851–18521B n2
B IIInames181852–18551B n2
B IVnames101852–18531B n2
B Vnames941853–18631B n2
B V (Stütztender)PHÖNIX11857B3′ n2Stütztender locomotive with Engerth-like, articulated, 'supporting' tender.
C Inames51847–1850C n2Pusher and header locomotive for the Schiefe Ebene ramp at Neuenmarkt–Marktschorgast
names(13)(1869–1877)C n2Rebuild from 4 A I, 6 A II, 2 A III and 1 B I (ex A IV)
C IIHERCULES11857C2′ n2Stütztender locomotives with Engerth-like, articulated, 'supporting' tender. Ca. 1870 modified to be similar to the standard type, the Class C II
names41858C3′ n2

None of the locomotives were renumbered with a Deutsche Reichsbahn running number.

Passenger and express train locomotives

Class Number(s) DRG Number(s) Quantity Year(s) of Manufacture Type Remarks
B VInames1071863–18711B n2
B VIInames61868B n2
B VIIInames618721B n2
B IX (1870)names41870B1 n2Strousberg type, sold to the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine in 1872
B IXnames1041874–18871B n2
B Xnames121889–18911′B n2v
218911′B n2Rebuilt into compound locomotive in 1896
B XI Zw1201–123936 701–36 708391892–18932′B n2
B XI Vbd1240–133936 751–36 8261001895–19002′B n2v
C V2301118962′C n4vPrototype with smaller driving wheel diameter (1640 mm)
2302–234317 301–17 322421899–19012′C n4v
AA I1400118962′(a)A1 n2With dolly axle, rebuilt into a 2′B h2 of Class P 2/4 in 1907 after an accident
S 2/5 (Baldwin)2398–2399219012′B1′ n4vBought from Baldwin (USA) for comparison purposes, four-cylinder, Vauclain compound driving gear
S 2/53001–301014 141–14 1451019042′B1 n4v
S 2/6320115 001119062′B2′ h4v
S 3/5 N3301–3328,
3330–3340		17 401–17 420391903–19072′C n4vRebuilt into a 2′C h4v in 1924/25
S 3/5 H3329,
3341–3369		17 501–17 524301906–19112′C h4v
S 3/63601–3623,
3642–3644		18 401–18 421261908–19272′C1′ h4vOriginal design
3624–364118 441–18 458181908–1927The so-called "Hochhaxige" (high haunches?), driving wheel diameter 2000 mm
3645–367918 422–18 424,
18 461–18 478		351914–1918Shorter wheelbase like the Palatine S 3/6
3680–370918 479–18 508301923–1924Follow-on order by the Bavarian Group Administration
18 509–18 548401926–1930DRG follow-on batch
P 2/4140036 861(1)(1907)2′B h2Rebuild from AA I
P 3/5 N3801–383638 001–38 013361905–19072′C n4v1924/25 Rebuilt into 2′C h4v
P 3/5 H3837–391638 401–38 4808019212′C h4vFollow-on order by the Bavarian Group Administration, with superheater

Goods train locomotives

Class Number(s) DRG Number(s) Quantity Year(s) of Manufacture Type Remarks
C IInames681861–1868C n2Standard version of the C II
C IIInames2391868–1879C n2
names141872–1874C n2Sigl design, like the MÁV III; modified to be similar to the other C III engines in 1895–1902
C IV Zwnames,
1401–1441,
1452–1462		53 8011–53 8064871884–1892C n2
C IV Vbdnames,
1442–1451,
1463–1550		53 8081–53 81681001889–1897C n2v
C VI1551–163354 1301–54 1364831899–19051′C n2v
E I2051–2062121895–18961′D n2Cylinder in front of the carrying axle
2063–206421896–18971′D n4vFour-cylinder, compound locomotive, Sondermann design, Rebuilt into 1′D n2 in 1899
2065–2084,
2087–2099,
2116–2130		481899–19011′D n2Cylinder behind the carrying axle
E I (Baldwin)2085–2086218991′D n4vBought from Baldwin (USA) for comparison purposes, four-cylinder Vauclain compound locomotive
BB I210011896B′B n4vArticulated Mallet locomotive
G 3/4 N1634–167054 1401–54 1432371907–19091′C n2vContinuation of the C VI
G 3/4 H7001–716554 1501–54 16651651919–19211′C h2
7166–722554 1666–54 1725601922–1923Follow-on order by the Bavarian Group Administration
G 4/5 N2131–213756 401–56 40471905–19061′D n2
G 4/5 H5151–5160,
5501–5695,
5211–5235		56 801 – 56 809,
56 901–56 1035,
56 1101–56 1125		2301915–19191′D h4v5151–5160 ordered for MGD Brussels and 5211–5235 for MGD Warsaw; both series taken over by Bavaria
G 5/55801–581557 501–57 507151911E h4v
5816–589557 511–57 590801920–1924Follow-on order by the Bavarian Group Administration

Tank locomotives

Class Number(s) DRG Number(s) Quantity Year(s) of Manufacture Type Remarks
D Inames151871–1875B n2t
D II (old)names41873B n2t
D II2400–247289 601–89 670731898–1904C n2t
D IIInames61873B n2t
D IVnames,
1701–1737		88 7101–88 72011321875–1897B n2t
D Vnames89 8101–89 8110101877–1878C n2t
D IXnames,
1931–1960,
2101–2115		70 7102–70 7154551888–18991B n2t
D XII2201–229673 031–73 124961897–19041′B2′ n2t
Pt 2/36001–609770 001–70 097971909–19161B h2t
Pt 2/4 N6501–650272 101–72 102219092′B n2t
Pt 2/4 H5001–501271 201–71 212121906–19091′B1′ h2t
Pt 2/5 N5202–521073 131–73 139919071′B2′ n2tContinuation of the D XII
Pt 2/5 H520173 201119061′B2′ h2tAs the D XII, with superheater
Pt 3/66101–611077 110–77 1191019231′C2′ h2tAs the Palatine Pt 3/6, follow-on order by the Bavarian Group Administration
Gt 2x4/45751–576596 001–96 015151913–1914D′D h4vt
5766–577596 016–96 025101922–1923Follow-on order by the Bavarian Group Administration
R 3/32473–249089 701–89 717181906–1913C n2tContinuation of the D II
4701–479089 801–89 890901921–1922Follow-on order by the Bavarian Group Administration
R 4/44151–418392 2008–92 2040331918–1919D n2tAs the Palatine R 4/4
4184–419292 2041–204991924–1925Follow-on order by the Bavarian Group Administration

Lokalbahn (branch line) locomotives

Class Number(s) DRG Number(s) Quantity Year(s) of Manufacture Type Remarks
D VInames,
1801–1804		98 7501–98 7526531880–1894B n2t
D VIInames,
1851–1874		98 7601–98 7614,
98 7621–98 7681		751880–1895C n2t
D VIIInames,
1901–1905		98 661–98 669101888–1893C1′ n2tEarlier D VIII, for Reichenhall–Berchtesgaden
1906–191498 671–98 67991898–1903Later D VIII
D Xnames,
1961–1963		98 7701–98 770991890–1893C1′ n2t
D XI1991–2050,
2701–2761,
2765–2782		98 411–98 423,
98 431–98 556		1391895–1912C1′ n2t
BB II2501–253198 701–98 731311899–1908B′B n4vtArticulated Mallet locomotive
PtL 2/2 (Maffei)4001–4024241906–1908B h4tMaffei design, counter-rotating, driving gear; formerly the ML 2/2
PtL 2/2 (Krauss)4501–450661905–1906B h2tKrauss design, internal cylinder and jackshaft; formerly ML 2/2
4507–453598 301–98 309291908–1909Krauss design, jackshaft
4536–454898 310–98 322131911–1914Krauss design, standard driving gear
PtL 3/31875–187698 7691–98 769121889C n2tTaken over in 1908 by the LAG along with the Murnau–Garmisch line, similar to the D VII
PtL 3/42762–276498 561–98 56331900C1′ n2tTaken over in 1908 by the LAG along with the Murnau–Garmisch line, similar to the D XI
2783–278798 564–98 56851914Continuation of the D XI
PtzL 3/44101–410397 101–97 10331912Czz1′ h2(4v)tRack railway locomotive, for Erlau–Wegscheid line
410497 10411923Follow-on order by the Bavarian Group Administration
GtL 4/42551–256398 801–98 813131911–1914D h2t
2564–265098 814–98 900871921–1924Follow-on order by the Bavarian Group Administration
98 901–98 917171927DRG follow-on batch
(GtL 4/5)98 1001–98 1045451929–1933D1′ h2tNew DRG series, development of the GtL 4/4

Narrow gauge locomotives

Class Number(s) DRG Number(s) Quantity Year(s) of Manufacture Type Remarks
LEI–V99 071–99 07551885–1900C n2tFor Eichstätt–Kinding
Pts 3/41101–110399 131–99 132319061′C h2tFor Neuötting–Altötting, no. 1102 was lost on the eastern front in First World War
110499 13311923Substitute order by the Bavarian Group Administration
Gts 4/499199 15111909D n2tFor Eichstätt–Kinding
Gts 2x3/399699 20111917C′C h4vtAcquired in 1920 from the military field railway fleet, for Eichstätt–Kinding

All Bavarian narrow gauge locomotives were built for meter gauge.

Modification of Bavarian steam locomotives by the Deutsche Reichsbahn and Deutsche Bundesbahn

Locomotives of two Bavarian classes underwent major modification by the Deutsche Reichsbahn and Deutsche Bundesbahn. Although the rebuilds took place decades after the end of the Royal Bavarian State Railways, these locomotives displayed unmistakable Bavarian features and were designated even in railway administrative documents with (unofficial) Bavarian class names.

Class Number(s) DRG Number(s) Quantity Year(s) of Manufacture Type Remarks
(S 3/6)18 601–18 630(30)(1953–1956)2′C1′ h4vDB rebuild from 18.4–5 (S 3/6) with high-performance boiler
(GtL 4/5)98 1101–1129(29)(1934–1941)1′D h2tDRG rebuild from 98.8–9 (GtL 4/4) with front carrying axle

Electric locomotives

Class Number(s) DRG Number(s) Quantity Year(s) of Manufacture Type Remarks
ES 121001–21010E 16 01–E 16 101019251′Do1′ w4eOrdered by the Bavarian Group Administration
E 16 11–E 16 21111928–1933DRG follow-on batch
EP 1
to 1920: EP 3/5		20001–20005E 62 01–E 62 05519121′C1′ w1kFor Garmisch–Griesen
EP 220006–20034E 32 06–E 32 34291924–19261′C1′ w2uOrdered by the Bavarian Group Administration; 8 locos in 1935/36 after raising the top speed redesignated as E 32 101–E 32 108
EP 3
to 1920: EP 3/6		20101–20104E 36 01–E 36 04419141′C2′ w1kFor Freilassing–Berchtesgaden
EP 4
to 1920: EP 3/6II		20121–20124E 36 21–E 36 24419141′C2′ w1kFor Freilassing–Berchtesgaden
EP 521501–21535E 52 01–E 52 35351924–19252′BB2′ w4uOrdered by the Bavarian Group Administration
EG 1
to 1920: EG 4x1/1		20201–20202E 73 01–E 73 0221914–1915Bo′Bo′ w4tFor Freilassing–Berchtesgaden
EG 2
to 1920: EG 2x2/2		20221–20222E 70 21–E 70 2221920B′B′ w2uFor Freilassing–Berchtesgaden
EG 322001–20222E 77 01–E 77 31311924–1925(1′B)(B1′) w2uOrdered by the Bavarian Group Administration, identical design to Prussian EG 701–EG 725
(EG 4)(22101–22102)E 79 01–E 79 0221926–19272′D1′ w2uOrdered by the Bavarian Group Administration, for Freilassing–Berchtesgaden; already supplied with DRG numbers
EG 522501–22520E 91 01–E 91 20201924–1927C′C′ w4uOrdered by the Bavarian Group Administration, identical design to Prussian EG 581–EG 594

Some of the Class ES 1 (E 16) and EG 5 (E 91) locomotives ordered with Bavarian class designations and locomotive numbers may have been supplied with DRG numbers.

Railbuses

Class Number(s) DRG Number(s) Quantity Year(s) of Manufacture Type Remarks
MCi8373(1)(1901)Bo g2tAccumulator car, rebuild from a Ci coach built in 1887
MBCi252111904A1 n2vDe Dion-Bouton steam railbus
MCCi14501–1450771906–1909B2′ h4Steam railbus, engine like the PtL 2/2 (Maffei)
MBCL101–109to 1930:
München 501–509
1930 to 1941:
1481–1489
from 1941:
ET 184 01–ET 184 09		91907–1909Bo g2tElectric railbus, for Berchtesgaden–state border and Königssee
MPL1501to 1941:
München 601
from 1941:
ET 194 01		11909Bo g2tElectric luggage railbus, for Berchtesgaden–state border and Königssee
D4ielTto 1930:
München 701–704
1930 to 1941:
1101–1104
from 1941:
ET 85 01–ET 85 04		(4)(1924)Bo′2′ w2tElectric railbus, rebuilt by the Bavarian Group Administration from a former MCCi
D4ielTto 1930:
München 705–730
1930 to 1941:
1105–1136
from 1941:
ET 85 05–ET 85 36		321927–1933Bo′2′ w2tElectric railbus, DRG new series; development of the rebuilt ET 85

Locomotives of the Bavarian Eastern Railway Company (Bayerische Ostbahn)

The classification scheme of the Bavarian Ostbahn was different from that of the state railway. The locomotives were also divided into five groups that were given capital letters.

  • A – Locomotives with one driven axle
  • B – Locomotives with two coupled axles and a carrying axle
  • C – Locomotives with three coupled axles
  • D – Tank locomotives
  • E – Locomotives with two coupled axles, but no carrying axle

The Ostbahn did not differentiate between the individual classes with a special class number. Instead of that locomotives were numbered sequentially within a group. After nationalisation, the former Ostbahn locomotives were initially operated under their old numbers. Not until 1892 were they redesignated in accordance with the classification system of the state railway.

The initial use of names was soon given up again.

Ostbahn Number State Railway Class State Railway Number Quantity Year(s) of Manufacture Axle arrangement Remarks
A 1–A 12121857–18582A n2Crampton design, rebuilt into 1B n2 of the B 79–B 90 series
A 13–A 241218591A1 n2Stephenson design, rebuilt into 1B n2 of the B 67–B 78 series
A 1–A 2
to 1872:
E 1–E 2		B V (Ostbahn)1001–100221869B n2
B 1–B 66B V (Ostbahn)1003–1068661858–18651B n2
B 67–B 78B IX (Ostbahn)1069–1080(12)(1870–1871)1B n2Rebuilt from A 13–A 24, driving wheel diameter 1524 mm
B 79–B 90B IX (Ostbahn)1081–1092(12)(1869–1872)1B n2Rebuilt from A 1–A 12, driving wheel diameter 1829 mm (Loco B 79/1081: 1524 mm)
B 91–B 96B IX (Ostbahn)1093–1098618721B n2driving wheel diameter 1828 mm
B 97–B 109B IX (Ostbahn)1099–11111318751B n2driving wheel diameter 1696 mm
C 1–C 12C II (Ostbahn)1112–1123121862–1863C n2
C 13–C 64C III (Ostbahn)1124–1175551867–1875C n2C 37–C39 were sold as new in 1872 to the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine, on new models the same number was used
D 1–D 12D IV (Ostbahn)1178–1189121867–1872B n2t
D 13–D 14D II (Ostbahn)1176–117721866B n2tProperty of the Deggendorf-Plattling Railway operated by the Bavarian Ostbahn

Former Ostbahn locomotives were fitted with stronger tyres by the Royal Bavarian State Railways, so that in later years they had wheel diameters of up to 40 mm greater. Class C III (Ostbahn) und D IV (Ostbahn) locomotives were included in DRG's preliminary steam locomotive renumbering plan of 1923 under the numbers 53 7834–53 7868 and 88 7021–88 7026, but they did not appear in the final numbering plan.

Literature

  • Wolfgang Valtin: Deutsches Lok-Archiv: Verzeichnis aller Lokomotiven und Triebwagen Band 1 – Numerierungssysteme, transpress, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-344-70739-6
  • Wolfgang Valtin: Deutsches Lok-Archiv: Verzeichnis aller Lokomotiven und Triebwagen Band 2 – Dampflokomotiven und Dampftriebwagen, transpress, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-344-70740-X
  • Wolfgang Valtin: Deutsches Lok-Archiv: Verzeichnis aller Lokomotiven und Triebwagen Band 3 – Elektro- und Dieselloks, Triebwagen, transpress, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-344-70741-8
  • Heinz Schnabel: Deutsches Lok-Archiv: Lokomotiven bayerischer Eisenbahnen transpress, Berlin 1992 ISBN 3-344-70717-5

See also

References

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