Among the thirty known species of Durio, so far eleven species have been identified to produce edible fruits. However, there are many species for which the fruit has never been collected or properly described and it is likely that other species with edible fruit exist.[1] The currently known nine species of edible durians are:

ImageNameCommon nameDistributionDescription
Durio dulcis Becc.durian marangang (or merangang), red durian, tutong, or lahongSabah and West Kalimantan, Borneo
Durio grandiflorus Kosterm. & Soegeng'ghost durian, durian munjit, durian hantu hutan, SukangBorneo
Durio graveolens Becc.Trako, tabelak, durian burung, durian kuning, durian merah, durian otak udang galah, red-fleshed durianSouthern Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Palawan (Philippines)It is a large tree up to 50 m (160 ft) tall. The husk of its fruit is orange-yellow, covered with pyramidal 1 cm (0.4 in) long spines. The fruit has sweet crimson-coloured flesh and a fragrance of roasted almonds. D. graveolens resembles D. dulcis but its fruit opens while it is still on the tree and has dark red flesh, whereas the fruit of D. dulcis drops unopened and has dark yellow flesh. Durian suluk, also known as durian siunggong, is a natural hybrid between D. zibethinus and D. graveolens, and retains the flavour and texture of D. zibethinus with subtle burnt caramel overtones of D. graveolens. Durian simpor is a mild-flavoured, yellow-fleshed variant of D. graveolens.
Durio kinabaluensis Kosterm. & SoegengMountain DurianCrocker Range and Mount Kinabalu, Sabah
Durio kutejensis (Hassk.) Becc.durian pulu, durian merah, nyekak, Pakan, Kuluk, or laiBorneo
Durio lowianus Scort. ex Kingdurian duan, durian sepeh, durian au, Thurian-donPeninsular Malaysia, Southern Thailand, and SumatraIt is a large tree up to 50 metre tall, has red flowers and elongated. Its oval-shaped fruit contains yellow flesh.
Durio macrantha Kosterm.Mt. Leuser National Park, North Sumatra
Durio mansoni (Gamble) Bakh.Tan duyin, TurimiThailand and Myanmar
Durio oxleyanus Griff.durian sukang, durian beludu, isu or kerontanganPeninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and BorneoIt is a fairly large tree up to 40 m (130 ft) tall. It produces small, round, greyish-green fruits with large, stiff, broadly pyramidal, slightly curved spines. The flesh is yellow, smooth-textured and sweet.
Durio testudinarius Becc.tortoise or kura-kura durianBorneoIt is a medium-sized tree up to 25 m (82 ft) tall. Being a self-pollinated species, it is less variable, and has an extended flowering season. The flesh of its fruit is pale yellow and has a stronger aroma than other species of Durio.
Durio wyatt-smithii Kosterm.Peninsular Malaysia (Trengganu)
Durio zibethinus L.Borneo and Sumatra

The other species, which haven't been identified to produce edible fruits are:

ImageNameCommon nameDistributionDescription
Durio acutifolius (Mast.) Kosterm.Tupaloh, durian burung, Durian anggang, Tuwola pupulu, durian lojang, Lai KujuKalimantan and Sabah
Durio affinis Becc.duan tajamWest Kalimantan and Sabah.
Durio beccarianus Kosterm. & SoegengIndonesian West Borneo, Upper Kapuas River
Durio bukitrayaensis Kosterm.Borneo
Durio burmanicus SoegengMyanmar
Durio carinatus Mast.Sumatra, Pahang, Johor, Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei
Durio ceylanicus GardnerCeylon durianSri Lanka
Durio crassipes Kosterm. & SoegengTenom and Sipitang areas of Sabah.
Durio excelsus (Korth.) Bakh.Apun; Durian daun; BegurahKalimantan
Durio gerikensis M.N.Faizal, Edward, Latiff & HadrulPeninsular Malaysia.
Durio griffithii (Mast.) Bakh.SimartarutungPeninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo.
Durio lanceolatus (Mast.)Bian, Dian perai, Durian, Durian anggang, Durian bengan, Durian burong,Borneo
Durio lissocarpus Mast.:Durian burungBorneo
Durio macrolepis Kosterm.Peninsular Malaysia.
Durio macrophyllus (King) Ridl.tong, daun, batan, daun besar, pumkubm (Batak)Peninsular Malaysia
Durio malaccensis Planch. ex Mast.batang, tong Durian batang, durian bangko, durian bankoloPeninsular Malaysia, Sumatra.It is normally white-flowered, but some D. malaccensis with reddish flowers have been discovered in Johor State, perhaps from cross-pollination by the pink or red-flowered D. lowianus and D. pinangianus.[2]
Durio oblongus Mast.Sarawak.
Durio pinangianus (Becc.) Ridl.daun tajam, burungPeninsular Malaysia (Perak, Penang).
Durio purpureus Kosterm. & SoegengWest Kalimantan
Durio singaporensis Ridl.durian daun, bujurPeninsular Malaysia.

See also

References

  1. Brown, Michael J. (1997). Durio — A Bibliographic Review. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute. ISBN 978-92-9043-318-7.
  2. Morton, J. F. (1987). Fruits of Warm Climates. Florida Flair Books. ISBN 978-0-9610184-1-2.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.