This is a list of the coolest exoplanets known, specifically those with temperatures lower than −75 °C (198 K). Planets from the Solar System were also included for comparison purposes.

Discovered in 2006, OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb is the coldest known exoplanet, and was nicknamed "Hoth" by NASA in reference to the planet from the Star Wars franchise.[1]

List

Image

(Or artistic representation)

 Name Temperature Mass

(M⊕ or MJ)

 Method[lower-alpha 1] Notes References
 OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb -223 °C (50 K) 5.5 M🜨 Teq The coldest known exoplanet, with a temperature lower than the melting points of oxygen and nitrogen. [lower-alpha 2] [4]
OGLE-2005-BLG-071L b -218 °C 3.8 MJ [5]
 PSR B1620-26 b -201.2 °C 2.5 MJ One of the oldest exoplanets known, with an age of 12.7 billion years.[note 1] [6]
 Neptune (For reference) -200 °C 17.15 M🜨 [7][8]
 Uranus (For reference) -195 °C 14.54 M🜨 [7][9]
TOI-969 c -176.6+6.8
−5.8 °C		 Teq [10]
 HIP 11915 b -155 °C 0.99 MJ A Jupiter analog. [lower-alpha 3]
GJ 414 A c -148.3±13.5 °C 53.83 M🜨 [11]
HD 191939 f < -148 °C 2.1 MJ [12]
 Saturn (For reference) -140 °C 95 M🜨 [7][13]
Kepler-167 e -138.6±5 °C 1.01 MJ Teq [14]
HD 115954 b -128.1+8.1
−13 °C		 8.29 MJ [15]
 Gliese 777 b -123+26
−27 °C		 1.8 MJ [16]
 Epsilon Eridani b (AEgir) -123 °C 0.63 MJ [17][18]
HD 164922 b -114 °C 0.365 MJ [19][20]
 Jupiter (For reference) -110 °C 317.8 M🜨 (1 MJ) [7][21]
 WD 1856+534 b -110+14
−18 °C		 <13.8 MJ Teq [22]
 PSR B1257+12 d (Phobetor) -104 °C 3.9 M🜨 One of the first exoplanets discovered. [23]
 HR 5183 b -102+5.2
−5.1 °C		 3.23 MJ A highly-eccentric orbit planet. [24]
 TRAPPIST-1h -101.5 °C 0.326 M🜨 [25]
TOI-4010 e -99+8
−6 °C		 2.18 MJ [26]
HATS-59 c -97.1±6.4 °C 12.7 MJ [27]
HD 86226 b -97±4 °C 0.45 MJ [28]
Gliese 1002 c -91.3±5.2 °C[lower-alpha 4] 1.36 M🜨 Orbits within its star's habitable zone. [29]
EPIC 248847494 b -90+25
−18 °C		 <13 MJ [30]
Kepler-421b -88.2+8.6
−4.8 °C		 The transiting exoplanet with the longest orbital period. (704 days)[31] [32]
HD 192310 c -88 °C 24 M🜨 [33]
 Kepler-16b -85 °C 0.333 MJ A circumbinary planet. [34]
 Kepler-186f -85 °C[lower-alpha 5] 1.44 M🜨 Potentially habitable [35][36]
TOI-4600 c -82±6 °C <9.27 MJ [37]
 PSR B1257+12 c (Poltergeist) -80 °C 4.3 M🜨 One of the first exoplanets discovered. [38]
 Gliese 876 b -79 °C 2.66 MJ [39][40]
 TRAPPIST-1g -75.8 °C 1.321 M🜨 Potentially habitable [25][35][41]

Unconfirmed candidates

These exoplanets have not been confirmed.

Image

(Or artistic representation)

 Name Temperature Mass[lower-alpha 6] Method[lower-alpha 1] Notes References
 Proxima Centauri c -234.2 °C (38.8 K) 7 M🜨 Teq [42][43]

Notes and references

  1. ↑ "Meet 8 'Star Wars' Planets in Our Own Galaxy". exoplanets.nasa.gov. May 1, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
  2. ↑ "Nitrogen - Melting Point - Boiling Point | nuclear-power.com". Nuclear Power. 2021-11-26. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  3. ↑ www.chem.uiuc.edu http://www.chem.uiuc.edu/rogers/Text9/Tx91/tx91.html#:~:text=The%20normal%20melting%20point%20of,a%20gas%20at%20room%20temperature. Retrieved 2023-12-11. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ↑ Beaulieu, J. -P.; Bennett, D. P.; Fouqué, P.; Williams, A.; Dominik, M.; Jørgensen, U. G.; Kubas, D.; Cassan, A.; Coutures, C.; Greenhill, J.; Hill, K.; Menzies, J.; Sackett, P. D.; Albrow, M.; Brillant, S. (2006-01-01). "Discovery of a cool planet of 5.5 Earth masses through gravitational microlensing". Nature. 439 (7075): 437–440. arXiv:astro-ph/0601563. Bibcode:2006Natur.439..437B. doi:10.1038/nature04441. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 16437108. S2CID 4414076.
  5. ↑ Dong, Subo; Gould, Andrew; Udalski, Andrzej; Anderson, Jay; Christie, G. W.; Gaudi, B. S.; OGLE Collaboration; Jaroszyński, M.; Kubiak, M.; Szymański, M. K.; Pietrzyński, G.; Soszyński, I.; Szewczyk, O.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, Ł. (2009-04-01). "OGLE-2005-BLG-071Lb, the Most Massive M Dwarf Planetary Companion?". The Astrophysical Journal. 695 (2): 970–987. arXiv:0804.1354. Bibcode:2009ApJ...695..970D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/695/2/970. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 14408891.
  6. ↑ "PSR B1620-26b (Cold jovian)". Retrieved December 11, 2023.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "Solar System Temperatures - NASA Science". science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  8. ↑ "Neptune Fact Sheet". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  9. ↑ "Uranus Fact Sheet". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  10. ↑ "Planetary Systems". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  11. ↑ Dedrick, Cayla M.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Knutson, Heather A.; Howard, Andrew W.; Beatty, Thomas G.; Cargile, Phillip A.; Gaudi, B. Scott; Hirsch, Lea A.; Kuhn, Rudolf B.; Lund, Michael B.; James, David J.; Kosiarek, Molly R.; Pepper, Joshua; Petigura, Erik A.; Rodriguez, Joseph E. (2021-02-01). "Two Planets Straddling the Habitable Zone of the Nearby K Dwarf Gl 414A". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (2): 86. arXiv:2009.06503. Bibcode:2021AJ....161...86D. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd0ef. ISSN 0004-6256.
  12. ↑ Orell-Miquel, J.; Nowak, G.; Murgas, F.; Palle, E.; Morello, G.; Luque, R.; Badenas-Agusti, M.; Ribas, I.; Lafarga, M.; Espinoza, N.; Morales, J. C.; Zechmeister, M.; Alqasim, A.; Cochran, W. D.; Gandolfi, D. (2023-01-01). "HD 191939 revisited: New and refined planet mass determinations, and a new planet in the habitable zone". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 669: A40. arXiv:2211.00667. Bibcode:2023A&A...669A..40O. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244120. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 253197272.
  13. ↑ "Saturn Fact Sheet". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  14. ↑ Chachan, Yayaati; Dalba, Paul A.; Knutson, Heather A.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Thorngren, Daniel; Beichman, Charles; Ciardi, David R.; Howard, Andrew W.; Van Zandt, Judah (2022-02-01). "Kepler-167e as a Probe of the Formation Histories of Cold Giants with Inner Super-Earths". The Astrophysical Journal. 926 (1): 62. arXiv:2112.00747. Bibcode:2022ApJ...926...62C. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac3ed6. ISSN 0004-637X.
  15. ↑ Demangeon, O. D. S.; Dalal, S.; Hébrard, G.; Nsamba, B.; Kiefer, F.; Camacho, J. D.; Sahlmann, J.; Arnold, L.; Astudillo-Defru, N.; Bonfils, X.; Boisse, I.; Bouchy, F.; Bourrier, V.; Campante, T.; Delfosse, X. (2021-09-01). "The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets. XVIII. Six new cold Jupiters, including one of the most eccentric exoplanet orbits". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 653: A78. arXiv:2107.05089. Bibcode:2021A&A...653A..78D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141079. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 235795175.
  16. ↑ Feng, Fabo; Butler, R. Paul; Jones, Hugh R. A.; Phillips, Mark W.; Vogt, Steven S.; Oppenheimer, Rebecca; Holden, Bradford; Burt, Jennifer; Boss, Alan P. (2021-10-01). "Optimized modelling of Gaia-Hipparcos astrometry for the detection of the smallest cold Jupiter and confirmation of seven low-mass companions". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 507 (2): 2856–2868. arXiv:2107.14056. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.507.2856F. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2225. ISSN 0035-8711.
  17. ↑ Mawet, Dimitri; Hirsch, Lea; Lee, Eve J.; Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste; Bottom, Michael; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Absil, Olivier; Beichman, Charles; Bowler, Brendan; Bryan, Marta; Choquet, Elodie; Ciardi, David; Christiaens, Valentin; Defrère, Denis; Gonzalez, Carlos Alberto Gomez (2019-01-03). "Deep exploration of $\epsilon$ Eridani with Keck Ms-band vortex coronagraphy and radial velocities: mass and orbital parameters of the giant exoplanet". The Astronomical Journal. 157 (1): 33. arXiv:1810.03794. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaef8a. ISSN 1538-3881.
  18. ↑ Fritz Benedict, G. (2022-03-09). "Revisiting HST/FGS Astrometry of ϵ Eridani*". Research Notes of the AAS. 6 (3): 45. Bibcode:2022RNAAS...6...45B. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ac5b6b. ISSN 2515-5172.
  19. ↑ Benatti, S.; Damasso, M.; Desidera, S.; Marzari, F.; Biazzo, K.; Claudi, R.; Di Mauro, M. P.; Lanza, A. F.; Pinamonti, M.; Barbato, D.; Malavolta, L.; Poretti, E.; Sozzetti, A.; Affer, L.; Bignamini, A. (2020-07-01). "The GAPS programme at TNG. XXIII. HD 164922 d: close-in super-Earth discovered with HARPS-N in a system with a long-period Saturn mass companion". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 639: A50. arXiv:2005.03368. Bibcode:2020A&A...639A..50B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202037939. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 55707328.
  20. ↑ Fulton, Benjamin J.; Howard, Andrew W.; Weiss, Lauren M.; Sinukoff, Evan; Petigura, Erik A.; Isaacson, Howard; Hirsch, Lea; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Henry, Gregory W.; Grunblatt, Samuel K.; Huber, Daniel; Braun, Kaspar von; Boyajian, Tabetha S.; Kane, Stephen R.; Wittrock, Justin (2016-10-10). "Three Temperate Neptunes Orbiting Nearby Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 830 (1): 46. arXiv:1607.00007. Bibcode:2016ApJ...830...46F. doi:10.3847/0004-637x/830/1/46. ISSN 1538-4357.
  21. ↑ "Jupiter Fact Sheet". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  22. ↑ Vanderburg, Andrew; Rappaport, Saul A.; Xu, Siyi; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Becker, Juliette C.; Gary, Bruce; Murgas, Felipe; Blouin, Simon; Kaye, Thomas G.; Palle, Enric; Melis, Carl; Morris, Brett M.; Kreidberg, Laura; Gorjian, Varoujan; Morley, Caroline V. (2020-09-01). "A giant planet candidate transiting a white dwarf". Nature. 585 (7825): 363–367. arXiv:2009.07282. Bibcode:2020Natur.585..363V. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2713-y. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 32939071. S2CID 221738865.
  23. ↑ Extrasolar Visions - PSR 1257+12 C Archived December 26, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  24. ↑ Blunt, Sarah; Endl, Michael; Weiss, Lauren M.; Cochran, William D.; Howard, Andrew W.; MacQueen, Phillip J.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Henry, Gregory W.; Johnson, Marshall C.; Kosiarek, Molly R.; Lawson, Kellen D.; Macintosh, Bruce; Mills, Sean M.; Nielsen, Eric L.; Petigura, Erik A. (2019-11-01). "Radial Velocity Discovery of an Eccentric Jovian World Orbiting at 18 au". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (5): 181. arXiv:1908.09925. Bibcode:2019AJ....158..181B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3e63. ISSN 0004-6256.
  25. 1 2 Ducrot, Elsa; Gillon, M.; Delrez, L.; Agol, E.; Rimmer, P.; Turbet, M.; Günther, M. N.; Demory, B.-O.; Triaud, A. H. M. J.; Bolmont, E.; Burgasser, A.; Carey, S. J.; Ingalls, J. G.; Jehin, E.; Leconte, J. (August 2020). "TRAPPIST-1: Global Results of the Spitzer Exploration Science Program {\it Red Worlds}". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 640: A112. arXiv:2006.13826. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937392. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 220041987.
  26. ↑ Kunimoto, Michelle; Vanderburg, Andrew; Huang, Chelsea X.; Davis, M. Ryleigh; Affer, Laura; Cameron, Andrew Collier; Charbonneau, David; Cosentino, Rosario; Damasso, Mario; Dumusque, Xavier; Fiorenzano, A. F. Martnez; Ghedina, Adriano; Haywood, R. D.; Lienhard, Florian; López-Morales, Mercedes (2023-07-01). "TOI-4010: A System of Three Large Short-period Planets with a Massive Long-period Companion". The Astronomical Journal. 166 (1): 7. arXiv:2306.05308. Bibcode:2023AJ....166....7K. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acd537. ISSN 0004-6256.
  27. ↑ Sarkis, P.; Henning, Th.; Hartman, J. D.; Bakos, G. Á.; Brahm, R.; Jordán, A.; Bayliss, D.; Mancini, L.; Espinoza, N.; Rabus, M.; Csubry, Z.; Bhatti, W.; Penev, K.; Zhou, G.; Bento, J. (2018-11-01). "HATS-59b,c: A Transiting Hot Jupiter and a Cold Massive Giant Planet around a Sun-like Star". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (5): 216. arXiv:1805.05925. Bibcode:2018AJ....156..216S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aade54. ISSN 0004-6256.
  28. ↑ Teske, Johanna; Díaz, Matías R.; Luque, Rafael; Močnik, Teo; Seidel, Julia V.; Otegi, Jon Fernández; Feng, Fabo; Jenkins, James S.; Pallè, Enric; Ségransan, Damien; Udry, Stèphane; Collins, Karen A.; Eastman, Jason D.; Ricker, George R.; Vanderspek, Roland (2020-08-01). "TESS Reveals a Short-period Sub-Neptune Sibling (HD 86226c) to a Known Long-period Giant Planet". The Astronomical Journal. 160 (2): 96. arXiv:2007.13927. Bibcode:2020AJ....160...96T. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab9f95. ISSN 0004-6256.
  29. ↑ Suárez Mascareño, A.; González-Álvarez, E.; Zapatero Osorio, M. R.; Lillo-Box, J.; Faria, J. P.; Passegger, V. M.; González Hernández, J. I.; Figueira, P.; Sozzetti, A.; Rebolo, R.; Pepe, F.; Santos, N. C.; Cristiani, S.; Lovis, C.; Silva, A. M. (2023-02-01). "Two temperate Earth-mass planets orbiting the nearby star GJ 1002". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 670: A5. arXiv:2212.07332. Bibcode:2023A&A...670A...5S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244991. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 254353639.
  30. ↑ Giles, H. A. C.; Osborn, H. P.; Blanco-Cuaresma, S.; Lovis, C.; Bayliss, D.; Eggenberger, P.; Collier Cameron, A.; Kristiansen, M. H.; Turner, O.; Bouchy, F.; Udry, S. (2018-07-01). "Transiting planet candidate from K2 with the longest period". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 615: L13. arXiv:1806.08757. Bibcode:2018A&A...615L..13G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833569. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 119105813.
  31. ↑ "Transiting Exoplanet with Longest Known Year". exoplanets.nasa.gov.
  32. ↑ Kipping, D. M.; Torres, G.; Buchhave, L. A.; Kenyon, S. J.; Henze, C.; Isaacson, H.; Kolbl, R.; Marcy, G. W.; Bryson, S. T.; Stassun, K.; Bastien, F. (2014-11-01). "Discovery of a Transiting Planet near the Snow-line". The Astrophysical Journal. 795 (1): 25. arXiv:1407.4807. Bibcode:2014ApJ...795...25K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/25. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119240746.
  33. ↑ Pepe, F.; Lovis, C.; Ségransan, D.; Benz, W.; Bouchy, F.; Dumusque, X.; Mayor, M.; Queloz, D.; Santos, N. C.; Udry, S. (2011-10-01). "The HARPS search for Earth-like planets in the habitable zone. I. Very low-mass planets around HD 20794, HD 85512, and HD 192310". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 534: A58. arXiv:1108.3447. Bibcode:2011A&A...534A..58P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117055. ISSN 0004-6361.
  34. ↑ Doyle, Laurance R.; Carter, Joshua A.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Slawson, Robert W.; Howell, Steve B.; Winn, Joshua N.; Orosz, Jerome A.; Prsa, Andrej; Welsh, William F.; Quinn, Samuel N.; Latham, David; Torres, Guillermo; Buchhave, Lars A.; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Fortney, Jonathan J. (2011-09-16). "Kepler-16: A Transiting Circumbinary Planet". Science. 333 (6049): 1602–1606. arXiv:1109.3432. Bibcode:2011Sci...333.1602D. doi:10.1126/science.1210923. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 21921192. S2CID 206536332.
  35. 1 2 "PHL @ UPR Arecibo - The Habitable Exoplanets Catalog". phl.upr.edu. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  36. ↑ Quintana, Elisa V.; Barclay, Thomas; Raymond, Sean N.; Rowe, Jason F.; Bolmont, Emeline; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Howell, Steve B.; Kane, Stephen R.; Huber, Daniel; Crepp, Justin R.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Ciardi, David R.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; Everett, Mark E.; Henze, Christopher E. (2014-04-18). "An Earth-sized Planet in the Habitable Zone of a Cool Star". Science. 344 (6181): 277–280. arXiv:1404.5667. Bibcode:2014Sci...344..277Q. doi:10.1126/science.1249403. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 24744370. S2CID 1892595.
  37. ↑ Mireles, Ismael; Dragomir, Diana; Osborn, Hugh P.; Hesse, Katharine; Collins, Karen A.; Villanueva, Steven; Bieryla, Allyson; Ciardi, David R.; Stassun, Keivan G.; Harris, Mallory; Lissauer, Jack J.; Schwarz, Richard P.; Srdoc, Gregor; Barkaoui, Khalid; Riffeser, Arno (2023-09-01). "TOI-4600 b and c: Two Long-period Giant Planets Orbiting an Early K Dwarf". The Astrophysical Journal. 954 (1): L15. arXiv:2308.15572. Bibcode:2023ApJ...954L..15M. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aceb69. ISSN 0004-637X.
  38. ↑ Extrasolar Visions - PSR 1257+12 B Archived December 26, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  39. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-08-19. Retrieved 2016-08-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  40. ↑ Millholland, Sarah; Laughlin, Gregory; Teske, Johanna; Butler, R. Paul; Burt, Jennifer; Holden, Bradford; Vogt, Steven; Crane, Jeffrey; Shectman, Stephen; Thompson, Ian (2018-02-08). "New Constraints on Gliese 876 -- Exemplar of Mean-Motion Resonance". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (3): 106. arXiv:1801.07831. Bibcode:2018AJ....155..106M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa894. ISSN 1538-3881.
  41. ↑ Agol, Eric; Dorn, Caroline; Grimm, Simon L.; Turbet, Martin; Ducrot, Elsa; Delrez, Laetitia; Gillon, Michaël; Demory, Brice-Olivier; Burdanov, Artem; Barkaoui, Khalid; Benkhaldoun, Zouhair; Bolmont, Emeline; Burgasser, Adam; Carey, Sean; Wit, Julien de (2021-01-22). "Refining the Transit-timing and Photometric Analysis of TRAPPIST-1: Masses, Radii, Densities, Dynamics, and Ephemerides". The Planetary Science Journal. 2 (1): 1. arXiv:2010.01074. Bibcode:2021PSJ.....2....1A. doi:10.3847/PSJ/abd022. ISSN 2632-3338.
  42. ↑ Benedict, G. Fritz; McArthur, Barbara E. (June 2020). "A Moving Target—Revising the Mass of Proxima Centauri c*". Research Notes of the AAS. 4 (6): 86. Bibcode:2020RNAAS...4...86B. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ab9ca9. ISSN 2515-5172.
  43. ↑ Damasso, Mario; Del Sordo, Fabio; Anglada-Escudé, Guillem; Giacobbe, Paolo; Sozzetti, Alessandro; Morbidelli, Alessandro; Pojmanski, Grzegorz; Barbato, Domenico; Butler, R. Paul; Jones, Hugh R. A.; Hambsch, Franz-Josef; Jenkins, James S.; López-González, María José; Morales, Nicolás; Peña Rojas, Pablo A. (2020-01-01). "A low-mass planet candidate orbiting Proxima Centauri at a distance of 1.5 AU". Science Advances. 6 (3): eaax7467. Bibcode:2020SciA....6.7467D. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax7467. PMC 6962037. PMID 31998838.
  1. 1 2 Teff: Measured effective temperature. Teq: The temperature of the planet has not been measured, so it is listed with the calculated equilibrium temperature.
  2. ↑ The melting points of Nitrogen and Oxygen are -210°C and -218°C, respectively.[2][3]
  3. ↑ This was obtained using the CalcTool luminosity converter. Using the apparent magnitude of HIP 11915 and its distance from Earth (using the uncertainty parameter of ±10 light years), this yields a range of 1.03–1.27 L☉. When used in the default 190 light-year distance (with margin of error) is 1.07+0.11
    −0.09     L☉. When run into simulations using the orbital distance of HIP 11915 and its planet, yields a result of 118 K.
  4. ↑ This is the surface temperature if Gliese 1002 c has no atmosphere.
  5. ↑ This is the surface temperature if Kepler-186f has no atmosphere.
  6. ↑ M⊕: Earth mass MJ: Jupiter mass
  1. ↑ The age is the same as the globular cluster where PSR B1620-26b is located (Messier 4), as all the stars in the cluster formed at the same time, and the planets form together with their host stars.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.