Jacamars are birds in the family Galbulidae in the order Piciformes. There are currently 18 extant species of jacamars recognised by the International Ornithologists' Union.[1]

Conventions

IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
 EX Extinct (0 species)
 EW Extinct in the wild (0 species)
 CR Critically Endangered (0 species)
 EN Endangered (0 species)
 VU Vulnerable (0 species)
 NT Near threatened (1 species)
 LC Least concern (17 species)

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the jacamar's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IOC World Bird List for that species unless otherwise noted. Population estimates are of the number of mature individuals and are taken from the IUCN Red List.

This list follows the taxonomic treatment (designation and order of species) and nomenclature (scientific and common names) of version 13.2 of the IOC World Bird List.[1] Where the taxonomy proposed by the IOC World Bird List conflicts with the taxonomy followed by the IUCN[lower-alpha 1] or the 2023 edition of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World,[3] the disagreement is noted next to the species's common name (for nomenclatural disagreements) or scientific name (for taxonomic disagreements).

Classification

The International Ornithologists' Union (IOU) recognises 18 species of jacamars in five genera.[1] This list does not include hybrid species, extinct prehistoric species, or putative species not yet accepted by the IOU.

Family Galbulidae

Jacamars

Genus Galbalcyrhynchus – Des Murs, 1845 – 2 species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range IUCN status and estimated population
White-eared jacamar

G. leucotis
Des Murs, 1845		 Western Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population steady[4]

Purus jacamar

G. purusianus
Goeldi, 1904		 Southwestern Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population steady[5]
Genus Brachygalba – Bonaparte, 1854 – 4 species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range IUCN status and estimated population
Dusky-backed jacamar

B. salmoni
Sclater, P. L. & Salvin, 1879		 Eastern Panama and northwestern Colombia
Map of range		  LC 


20,000–49,999 Population declining[6]

Pale-headed jacamar

B. goeringi
Sclater, P. L. & Salvin, 1869		 Northeastern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population steady[7]

Brown jacamar

B. lugubris
(Swainson, 1838)

Seven subspecies
  • B. l. fulviventris
  • B. l. caquetae
  • B. l. lugubris
  • B. l. obscuriceps
  • B. l. naumburgae
  • B. l. phaeonota
  • B. l. melanosterna
South America
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population declining[8]

White-throated jacamar

B. albogularis
(Spix, 1824)		 Western Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population declining[9]
Genus Jacamaralcyon – Lesson, R. P., 1830 – 1 species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range IUCN status and estimated population
Three-toed jacamar

J. tridactyla
(Vieillot, 1817)		 Southeastern Brazil
Map of range		  NT 


1,300–5,400 Population declining[10]
Genus Galbula – Brisson, 1760 – 10 species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range IUCN status and estimated population
Yellow-billed jacamar

G. albirostris
Latham, 1790

Two subspecies
  • G. a. chalcocephala
  • G. a. albirostris
Northern Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population declining[11]

Blue-necked jacamar

G. cyanicollis
Cassin, 1851		 Southern Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population declining[12]

Rufous-tailed jacamar

G. ruficauda
Cuvier, 1816

Six subspecies
  • G. r. melanogenia
  • G. r. ruficauda
  • G. r. pallens
  • G. r. brevirostris
  • G. r. rufoviridis
  • G. r. heterogyna
Central and South America
Map of range		  LC 


500,000–4,999,999 Population declining[13]

Green-tailed jacamar

G. galbula
(Linnaeus, 1766)		 Northern Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population stable[14]

Coppery-chested jacamar

G. pastazae
Taczanowski & Berlepsch, 1885		 Southern Colombia to eastern Ecuador
Map of range		  LC 


42,000 Population declining[15]

White-chinned jacamar

G. tombacea
Spix, 1824

Two subspecies
  • G. t. tombacea
  • G. t. mentalis
Northwestern Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population declining[16]

Bluish-fronted jacamar

G. cyanescens
Deville, 1849		 Western Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population stable[17]

Purplish jacamar

G. chalcothorax
Sclater, P. L., 1855		 Western Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population declining[18]

Bronzy jacamar

G. leucogastra
Vieillot, 1817		 Western Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population declining[19]

Paradise jacamar

G. dea
(Linnaeus, 1758)

Four subspecies
  • G. d. dea
  • G. d. amazonum
  • G. d. brunneiceps
  • G. d. phainopepla
Amazon rainforest
Map of range		  LC 


Unknown Population declining[20]
Genus Jacamerops – Lesson, R. P., 1830 – 1 species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range IUCN status and estimated population
Great jacamar

J. aureus
(Müller, P. L. S., 1776)

Four subspecies
  • J. a. penardi
  • J. a. aureus
  • J. a. ridgwayi
  • J. a. isidori
Central and South America
Map of range		  LC 


500,000–4,999,999 Population declining[21]

Notes

  1. ↑ The IUCN follows the taxonomy proposed by the HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist.[2]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (July 2023). "Jacamars, puffbirds, barbets, toucans, honeyguides". IOC World Bird List. v 13.2. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  2. ↑ "Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 7". HBW and BirdLife International. 2022. Archived from the original on 25 September 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  3. ↑ Clements, James F.; Schulenberg, T. S.; Iliff, M. J.; Fredericks, T. A.; Gerbracht, J. A.; Lepage, Denis; Billerman, S. M.; Sullivan, B. L.; Wood, C. L. (2022). "The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2022". Clements Checklist. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  4. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682167A92932844. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682167A92932844.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  5. ↑ BirdLife International (2018). "Galbalcyrhynchus purusianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22682170A130076817. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22682170A130076817.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  6. ↑ BirdLife International (2020). "Brachygalba salmoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22682174A163584828. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22682174A163584828.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  7. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Brachygalba goeringi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682177A92933387. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682177A92933387.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  8. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Brachygalba lugubris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682180A92933566. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682180A92933566.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  9. ↑ BirdLife International (2018). "Brachygalba albogularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22682183A130078423. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22682183A130078423.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  10. ↑ BirdLife International (2020). "Jacamaralcyon tridactyla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22682186A153924733. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22682186A153924733.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  11. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Galbula albirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22727035A95229375. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22727035A95229375.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  12. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Galbula cyanicollis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682196A92934252. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682196A92934252.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  13. ↑ BirdLife International (2020). "Galbula ruficauda". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22682200A163585918. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22682200A163585918.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  14. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Galbula galbula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682203A92934728. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682203A92934728.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  15. ↑ BirdLife International (2022). "Galbula pastazae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T22682206A209328844. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T22682206A209328844.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  16. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Galbula tombacea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682209A92935238. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682209A92935238.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  17. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Galbula cyanescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682212A92935419. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682212A92935419.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  18. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Galbula chalcothorax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682215A92935593. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682215A92935593.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  19. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Galbula leucogastra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682218A92935782. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682218A92935782.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  20. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Galbula dea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682221A92936005. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682221A92936005.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  21. ↑ BirdLife International (2020). "Jacamerops aureus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22682224A163587524. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22682224A163587524.en. Retrieved 7 October 2023.


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