The following is a list of tafsir works. Tafsir is a body of commentary and explication, aimed at explaining the meanings of the Qur'an, the central religious text of Islam. Tafsir can broadly be categorized by its affiliated Islamic schools and branches and the era it was published, classic or modern.

Early tafsir

Arabic

  • Tanwir al-Miqbas (Tafsir Ibn Abbas) attributed to Abd Allah ibn Abbas (d. 68/687)
  • Tafsir al-Kabir (The Great Interpretation) by Muqatil ibn Sulayman (80-150AH). The first full tafsir attributed to Muqatil ibn Sulayman ibn Bashiral-Balkhi.ibn sulayman, muqatel (2021). الوجوه والنظائر في القرآن الكريم. Beirut: دار الكتب العلمية. p. 400. ISBN 2745198246.[1]

English

Original work

  • "The Message of the Qur’ān" by Muhammad Asad ( Leopold Weis) 1940.[2]
  • "The Meaning of the Glorious Quran" by Marmaduke Pickthall 1929 [3]
  • "The Koran : Commonly Called the Alkoran of Mohammed-with large commentary, by George Sale.[4]
  • "Quran to English" by Arab born American Talal Itani.[5]

Translation

  • Tafsir Ibn 'Abbas: Great Commentaries of the Holy Qur'an translated by Mokrane Guezzou. Fons Vitae, Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought.
  • "The Meaning of the Glorious Quran" by Marmaduke Pickthall 1929 [6]
  • "The Koran: Commonly Called the Alkoran of Mohammed, by George Sale[7]

Sunni

Arabic

  • "tafseer al- - Qurtubi, by al Qurtubi.[9]

al- Qurtubi, Muhammad al- ansari (1964). تفسير القرطبي، الجامع لأحكام القرآن, tafseer al- Qurtubi. Cairo: دار الكتب المصرية. ISBN 978-9953270203.

  • "tafseer e saadi تفسير السعدي : تيسير الكريم الرحمن في تفسير القرآن" by al-Sa'adi isbn 1114308224.[10]
  • "Tafseer al-Tha'labi" by al-Tha'labi.[11]
  • Tafsir Muqatel by Muqatil ibn Sulayman (80-150AH). The first full tafsir attributed to Muqatil ibn Sulayman ibn Bashir al-Balkhi.ibn Sulayman, Muqatel (2021). الوجوه والنظائر في القرآن الكريم. Beirut: دار الكتب العلمية. p. 400. ISBN 2745198246.[12]
  • "Tafseer Ibn Ashur/Tafsir al-Tahrir wa'l-Tanwir/Liberation and enlightenment تفسير التحرير والتنوير" by Muhammad ibn Ashur[13]
  • Al-Muharrar al-Wajiz (The Concise Record), commonly known as Tafsir ibn 'Atiyyah after its author, Ibn Atiyyah (d. 541 or 546AH), a Maliki judge from al-Andalus. This Qur’anic commentary is popular in North Africa.
  • Zad al-Masir Fi Ilm al-Tafsir by the Hanbali Ash'ari polymath Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi (d. 597AH).
  • Mafatih al-Ghayb (The Keys to Unseen) by Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (1149—1209 CE/606 AH) also known as Tafsir al-Kabir (The Great Exegesis)[14]
  • Tafsir al-Qur’an Al-'Azim by Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam
  • Anwar al-Tanzil wa Asrar al-Ta'wil by Al-Baydawi (d. 685 AH/1286 CE), also famous as Tafsir al-Baydawi — a shortened version of Al-Kashshaf, with Mu’tazili references altered; printed in two volumes.[14][15] In Turkey it is often published with marginal notes by a Turkish scholar called 'al-Qunawi' in seven volumes.
  • Madarik al-Tanzil wa Haqa'iq al-Ta'wil by Abu al-Barakat al-Nasafi (d. 710)
  • Tafsir ibn Kathir (Tafsir al-Quran al-Azim) by Ibn Kathir (1301—1373 CE/ 774 AH). A summary of the earlier interpretation by al-Tabari. Available online.[16] It has been summarized as Mukhtasar Tafsir Ibn Kathir in 3 volumes by Muhammad 'Ali As-Sabuni.[14]
  • Lubab al-Ta'wil Fi Ma'ani at-Tanzil by Ala al-Din al-Khazin (d. 741), which is an abridgement of Ma’alimal-Tanzil by Hasan been Mas’ud al-Baghawi.
  • Futuhal-Ghawyb Fi Kashfi 'an Qina'i-r-Rawyb (Sharh 'ala Al-Kashshaf) by Shaeawfal-Din al-Husain Ibn 'Abdullahi-tt-Twibi (743 AH)
  • Al-Bahr al-Muhit by Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati (d. 745 AH/1344 CE) is a linguistic commentary on the Qur’an primarily from the standpoint of Arabic grammar and rhetoric.
  • Bada'i' al-Tafsir and At-Tibbyanu Fi Aymani al-Qur'an by Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya (d. 751 AH/1350 CE)
  • At-Tahsil li-'Ulumi al-Tanzil by Ibn Juzayy (758 AH/1357 CE)
  • Nazm al-Durar fi Tanasub al-Ayi wa al-Suwar (Tafsir al-Biqa'i) by Burhanuddin Ibrahim bin Umar al-Biqa'i
  • Jalaluddin al-Suyuti completed:
  1. f>
  • Fath al-Rahman Fi Tafsir al-Qur'an by Mujir al-Din (d. 927 AH) - the exegete was a Palestinian judge, historian and Hanbali jurist from Jerusalem. Not to be confused with the Persian translation and commentary written by the Muhaddith Shah Waliullah Dehlawi.
  • Irshad al-'Aql as-Salim ila Mazaya al-Qur’an al-Karim by Ebussuud Efendi (d.951 AH/1505 CE). Also known as Tafsir Abi Sa’ud.
  • Al-Sirawju al-Munir by Al-Khatib al-Shirbini .
  • Anwar al-Qur'an wa Asrar al-Furqan by Ali al-Qari, 1004AH, 5 Volumes, published by Daral-Kutub Ilmiyah, Beirut, Lebanon.
  • "Asbab Nuzul Al Quran" by Wihidi Nisaburi.[17]



  1. Asbab al-Nuzul al-Qur’an (The Causes of the Revelation of the Qur’an)
  2. Al-Wajiz Fi Tafsir al-Kitabi al-'Aziz (1/2 Volumes)
  3. Al-Wasit Fi Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Majid (4 Volumes)
  4. Al-Basit (16/24 Volumes)

Legal Tafsir

  • Ahkam al-Qur’an ('The Commands of the Quran') by Al-Jaṣṣās (d. 370 AH/981 CE). Based on the legal rulings of the Hanafi school of Islamic law. This was published in three volumes and remains popular amongst the Hanafis of India, the Middle East and Turkey.
  • Ahkam al-Qur’an by Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi (d.543 AH/1148 CE). The author is also known as 'Qadi ibn al-Arabi' (ibn Arabi, the judge) to distinguish him from the famous Sufi Ibn Arabi. He was a jurist from Andalusia (Muslim Spain) His interpretation has been published in three volumes and contains commentary on the legal rulings of the Qur’an according to the Maliki school.
  • Al-Jami' li-Ahkam al-Qur’an (The collection of Qur’anic Injunctions) by Al-Qurtubi (1214—1273 CE/671 AH), the famous Maliki Ash'ari jurist of Cordoba, in Andalusia. This 10-volume tafsir is a commentary on the Qur’anic verses dealing with legal issues. Although the author was a Maliki, he also presents the legal opinions of other major schools of Islamic jurisprudence; thus it is popular with jurists from all of the schools of Islamic law. One volume of this tafsir has been translated into English by Aisha Bewley. Available online.[18]
  • Nukat al-Qur’an al-Dallah ala al-Bayan by Al-Qassab (d. 360AH/970CE)[19][20] a commentary primarily from the viewpoint of applied Islamic law.

Partial and Unfinished Tafsir

  • Ma'ani Al-Qur'an al-Karim (unfinished) by Abu Jaʿfar an-Nahhas (d. 338 AH/949 CE) - It contains tafsir from Surah Al-Fatihah to Surah Al-Fath. It has been edited and annotated by Muhammad 'Ali As-Sabina.
  • Al-Bustanu Fi I'rawbi Mushkilati al-Qur'an (unfinished) by Ahmad Ibn Ahnaf Abi Bakr Al-Yamani Ibn 'Umar Al-Hanbali (717 AH).
  • Rawa'i' al-Tafsir by Ibn Rajab (795 AH)
  • Tafsir Ibn 'Arawfah (unfinished) by Ibn Arafa (d. 800/803 AH/ 1400 CE)
  • Tafsir Ibn Kamal Basha (unfinished) by Ibn Kemal (d. 940 AH/1536 CE)
  • At-Tafsirat al-Ahmadiyyah Fi Bayani al-ayati-sh-Shar'iyyah by Mulla Ahmad Jiwan (d. 1130 AH / 1718 CE). This is the Hanafi tafsir of only those ayat which are concerned with matters of Fiqh.
  • Mushkilat al-Qur’an by Anwar Shah Kashmiri, edited with references and one of the introductions by Ahmad Bijnuri, and another introduction by the author's favourite student Muhammad Yusuf Banori. The book predominantly in Arabic but passages in Persian also appear throughout the work. The main objective for undertaking to write this work was to interpret only those verses of the Qur’an which are generally considered to be difficult to understand. A special feature of this particular work is that the author has, in addition, set aside 190 verses that, in his opinion, required further discussion and repeated consideration. Published posthumously in Maligaon, Surat, Gujrat, India, by Majlis al-'Ilmi in 1974.

Modern

  1. Sawfwat al-Tafasir
  2. At-Tafsir al-Wadwih al-Muyassar
  3. Rawa'i' al-Bayan Tafsir ayati al-Ahkam mina al-Qur'an

Persian

Translations

Original

  • Mawaheb-e-'Aliyya (Tafsir al-Husaini): by Husayn Kashifi
  • Mushkilat al-Qur’an by Anwar Shah Kashmiri, edited with references and one of the introductions by Ahmad Bijnuri, and another introduction by the author's favourite student Muhammad Yusuf Banori. This partial commentary is predominantly in Arabic but passages in the Persian language also appears throughout the work. The main objective for undertaking to write this work was to interpret only those verses of the Holy Qur’an which are generally considered to be difficult to understand. A special feature of this particular work is that the author has, in addition, set aside 190 verses that, in his opinion, required further discussion and repeated consideration. Published posthumously in Maligaon, Surat, Gujrat, India, by Majlis al-'Ilmi in 1974.

Kurdish

Urdu

Translations

Original

  1. Tafsir-e-Quran
  2. Tafsir-e-Mehmud

Partial and Unfinished Tafsir

Bengali

Original

  • Qur'an Bangla Anubad (কুরআন বাংলা অনুবাদ), by Dr. Zohurul Hoque (1986). Available online
  • Tafsir Zakaria by Abubakar Muhammad Zakaria. Available online.[27]
  • Tafsir-e-Haqqani[28]) by Shamsul Haque Faridpuri (completed but not fully published yet) - only the first and last Juz' were published but the author completed the manuscript of the Tafsir in approximately 16000 pages and urged his students to publish it but no one has taken up the task of the continuation of the publication yet).
  • Nural-Qur'an by Muhammad Aminal-Islam (30 volumes) (1981-1998)
  • Tafsir al-Quran by Delwar Hossain Sayidi

Translations

English

Original

Translations

  • Tafsir Ibn Kathir by Ibn Kathir is available as:
  1. Tafsir ibn Kathir: The Exegesis of the Grand Holy Qur'an translated by Muhammad Mahdi Al-Sharif. Daral-Kutub 'Ilmiyah, Beirut, Lebanon 2006.
  2. Tafsir Ibn Kathir translated by Safiur-Rahman Al Mubarakpuri and team, Darussalam Publications.
  3. Tafsir Ibn Kathir (Abridged) translated by Muhammad Anis Gad Khalil, Dar al-Manarah
  1. The Glorious Qur'an based on the Tafsir-e-'Uthmani translated and edited by the teachers of Madrasah Ayesha Siddiqua, Karachi. Al-Bushra Publishers
  2. Tafsir-e-Uthmani translated by Mohammad Ashfaq Ahmad, Idara Impex, India
  1. A Thematic Commentary on the Qur’an translated by A.A Shamis, The International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT)
  2. Journey Through The Qur'an: The Content and Context of the Suras translated by Aisha Bewley
  • Tafsir al-Qur’an (also known as: Tafsir-e-Majidi) by Abdul Majid Daryabadi
  • Tafsir al-Tabari by al-Tabari has been partially translated by Scott Lucas as Selections from The Comprehensive Exposition of the Interpretation of the Verses of the Qur'an in two volumes, Islamic Texts Society
  • Fi Zilal al-Qur'an by Sayyid Qutb has been translated as In the Shade of the Quran by Adil Salahi and A.A Shamis, Islamic Foundation
  • The Noble Quran: Meaning With Explanatory Notes by Muhammad Taqi Usmani
  • Tadabbur-e-Qur'an has been translated as Pondering over the Qur'an by Mohammad Saleem Kayani. Incomplete, in two volumes, Islamic Book Trust
  • Tafsir al-Jalalayn by Jalal ud Din Suyuti and Jalal ud Din al Mahalli has been translated as:
  1. Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Complete English Translation by Aisha Bewley, Dar al-Taqwa
  2. Tafsir al Jalayan: Great Commentaries of the Holy Qur'an translated by Feras Hamza, Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought, Fons Vitae
  • Tafsir al-Kabir by al-Razi has been partially translated as The Great Exegesis: al-Tafsir al-Kabir by Sohaib Saeed. Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought, Islamic Texts Society

Sindhi

Malay

Indonesian

Turkish

  • Risale-i Nur by Said Nursî (1878—1960) written mainly in Turkish, is a large work, with four main volumes. It consists of extensive exegesis of certain verses and explanation of the fundamentals of how to approach the Qur’an. It especially explains the verses that 21st century people need most. In other words, it studies the verses about the six articles of belief of Islam such as believing in God and the day of judgment. It also gives logical answers to the questions asked by Atheists. This work is written in a more accessible style to the general public and is translated into 52 languages.[31][32][33]
  • Elmalılı Tefsir by Elmalılı Muhammed Hamdi Yazır. Published in 10 volumes, it remains one of the most popular commentaries in Turkish.[34]
  • Okuyucu Tefsiri by Semra Kürün Çekmegil - The first tafsir written by a female Turkish scholar[22]
  • Kur’an Tahlili: Arapça Gramer Işığında Sözlük-Meal-Tefsir by Necla Yasdıman[22]

Salafi Sunni

Arabic

Bengali

  • Tafsir al-Quran by Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib
  • Tafsir-Aini 1-15 Parah/Juz' (Volume-I & II) explained by Ainul Bari Aliavi. Published by Sufia Prakashani, Kolkata, India. ISBN 978-81-941079-1-0 (volume-I) & ISBN 978-81-941079-2-7 (Volume-II).

English

Original

  • Tafsir Ishraq Al-Ma'ani (1997-2007) by Syed Iqbal Zaheer. In eight volumes, this tafsir summarizes the exegesis of the most prominent writings of Muslim scholars from Tabari to Sayyid Qutb from a Salafi perspective.

Translation

  • Tafseer as-Sa'di by Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di, translated by Nasiruddin al-Khattab and edited by Huda Khattab, International Islamic Publishing House (from Arabic)
  • Ahasanul Bayan by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, translated by Mohammad Kamal Myshkat, Dar-us-Salam Publications (from Urdu)

Urdu

  • Ahasanul Bayan by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf

Twelver Shia

Arabic

Classic

Jurisprudential

  • Zubdat al-bayan by Mohaghegh Ardabili (d. 1585 CE / 993 A.H.)
  • Fiqh al-Qur'an by al-Sayyid Qutb al-Rawandi (d. 1177 CE / 573 A.H.)

Partial and Unfinished Tafsir

  • Tafsir Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq collection of hadiths reportedly narrated by Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (a.s.) (83 – 148 A.H.).
  • Tafsir Imam Hasan Askari attributed to Imam Hasan al-Askari (a.s.) (232 - 260 A.H.)

Modern

Translations

Persian

English

Translation

Urdu

Translation

Original

Zaydi Shia

Arabic

Sufi

Arabic

Bengali

Translation

English

Original

Translations

  • Asrar al-Tanzil by Ameer Muhammad Akram Awan (from Urdu)
  • Laṭā'if al-Isharat bi-Tafsir al-Qur'ān has been partially translated as Abu'l-Qasim Al-Qushayri's Lata'if Al-Isharat: Subtleties of The Allusions by Kristin Zahra Sands, Dar Ul Thaqafah
  • A Sufi Commentary on the Qur'an: Ta'wilat al-Qur'an by Abd al-Razzaq Al-Kashani, translated by Khalid Williams. The Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought, Islamic Texts Society
  • Tafsir Al-Tustari: Great Commentaries on the Holy Qur’an translated by Annabel and Ali Keeler, The Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought, Fons Vitae

Persian

Sindhi

Urdu

Translations

Original

  1. Akram al-Tafasir
  2. Asrar al-Tanzil

Mu'tazila

Ibadi

Arabic

  1. Da‘i l-‘Amal li- Yawm al-Ajal (incomplete)
  2. Himyan al-Zad ild Dar al-Ma‘ad
  3. Taysir al-Tafsir

Ahmadi

Urdu

English

Modernist

Arabic

  • Tafsir al-Tahrir wa'l-Tanwir (1984) by Muhammad al-Tahir ibn Ashur. Notable of its emphasis on the rhetorical aspect of the Qur’an.
  • Arabic Dawateislami (1973) The Arabic Dawateislami is a global organization by Sheikh Muhammad Elias Al-Attar Al-Qadri of Barelvi Sunni that aims to spread the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah, Islamic, education, and send preachers to call to God in the world. It was founded by Sheikh Muhammad Elias Al-Attar Al-Qadri, a Muslim scholar, a Sufi scholar of the Silsila Qadriya Razawiya, and the author of many books, including Faizan-e-Sunnat. He has some 30 million disciples all over the world

Urdu

English

Other

English

  • The Study Qur’an — authored by an editorial collective led by noted Islamic philosopher Seyyed Hossein Nasr, published in 2015 by HarperCollins. This work seeks to highlight the depth and diversity of interpretations that exist within traditional Islam, drawing on 40 major classical commentaries from a wide range of orientations, including both Sunni and Shi'a viewpoints, the Maturidi, Ashari, Mutazili and Athari schools of Islamic theology, as well as Sufi interpretations; but excluding modern reformist and fundamentalist views. Has been hailed by academics as an unparalleled reference work in the field of Islamic studies.[41]
  • The Ascendant Qur'an: Realigning Man to the Divine Power Culture by Muhammad al Asi

Urdu

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ ibn Sulayman, Muqatel (2002). تفسير مقاتل بن سليمان. beirut: دار احياء التراث. p. 1000.
  2. ↑ Asad/Weis, Muhammad/Leopold (1980). The Message of the Qur’ān, commentary , ebook. Gibraltar: Dar al-Andalus/Brill. p. 1000. OCLC 1036705681.
  3. ↑ the meaning of the glorious Quran by Pickthall.
  4. ↑ Sale, George (2018). The Koran: Commonly Called the Alkoran of Mohammed 1730. London: Forgotten Books. p. 336. ISBN 9780259305880.
  5. ↑ Itani, Talal (2021). Quran to English. p. 670. ISBN 9798549566217.
  6. ↑ Marmaduke, Pickthall. The Meaning of the Glorious Quran.
  7. ↑ Sale, George (2018). The Koran : Commonly Called the Alkoran of Mohammed. London: Forgotten Books. p. 336. ISBN 9780259305880.
  8. ↑ al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir (2009). tafseer at-Tabari, at-Tabari interpretation. Cairo: dar Al kutub al- alamiyah دار الكتب العالمية. p. 8008. ISBN 9782745128478.
  9. ↑ al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir (2009). tafseer at-Tabari, at-Tabari interpretation. Cairo: dar Al kutub al- alamiyah دار الكتب العالمية. p. 8008. ISBN 9782745128478.
  10. ↑ Abdur-Rahmân Nâsir al-Sa'adi (2018). تفسير السعدي : تيسير الكريم الرحمن في تفسير القرآن [Tafseer As-Saʻdi]. International Islamic Publishing House. ISBN 9786035013598.
  11. ↑ Al-Thaalabi, Abu ishaq (2013). تفسير الثعلبي (in Arabic). مركز التراث للبرمجيات.
  12. ↑ ibn Sulayman, Muqatelمقاتل (2002). تفسير مقاتل بن سليمان. beirut: دار احياء التراث. p. 1000.
  13. ↑ Ibn Ashur, Muhammad محمد ابن عاشور. [shamela.ws/book/9776 Tafsir al-Tahrir wa'l-Tanwir/Liberation and enlightenment تفسير التحرير والتنوير]. ISBN 9973767233. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 Von Denfeer, Ahmad (1983). Ulum al-Qur'an: An Introduction to the Sciences of the Qur'an. The Islamic Foundation. pp. 137–139.
  15. ↑ "al-Baydawi's "Anwar al-Tanzil wa Asrar al-Ta'wil" with Frontispiece". World Digital Library. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
  16. ↑ "Tafsir ibn Kathir".
  17. ↑ Abi Wahidi Nisaburi (1991). Asbab Nuzul Al Quran, اسباب نزول القران reasons for revelations of Quran. Dar Al kutub دار الكتب العلمية Beirut.
  18. ↑ "Tafsir al-Qurtubi".
  19. ↑ Ahmad Al-Saiid Zaki Hemeidah, Repentance as a Legal Concept, pg. 26. Master's thesis for the University of Arizona's Department of Near Eastern Studies, 2011.
  20. ↑ Hussein Abdul-Raof, Theological Approaches to Qur’anic Exegesis: A Practical Comparative-Contrastive Analysis, pg. 282. Abingdon-on-Thames: Routledge, 2012.
  21. ↑ "الباحث القرآني". furqan.co. Retrieved 2021-03-15.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Aydar, Hidayet; Atalay, Mehmet. "Female Scholars of Quranic Exegesis in The History of Islam".
  23. ↑ "فوقية إبراهيم الشربينى – أول امرأة تصدر تفسيرًا للقراَن". wlahawogohokhra.com (in Arabic). Retrieved 2022-01-29.
  24. ↑ Tarjuma Kanzul Eman Ma Tafseer Khazain Ul Irfan.
  25. ↑ "Sirat ul Jinan-Jild-1-Para-1-To-3". www.dawateislami.net. Retrieved 2021-10-10.
  26. ↑ dawateislami.net
  27. ↑ "কুরআনুল কারীম (সংক্ষিপ্ত তাফসীর)" (in Bengali).
  28. ↑ Amin, Muhammad Ruhul (2012). "Faridpuri, Maulana Shamsul Haque". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
  29. ↑ "Tafheemul Qur'an".
  30. ↑ "Ma'ariful Qur'an". Archived from the original on 2016-12-03. Retrieved 2012-10-02.
  31. ↑ Risale-i Nur hakkında herşey burada
  32. ↑ Risale-i Nur hakkında herşey burada
  33. ↑ nursistudies.com
  34. ↑ Kur’An-I Kerim, Elmalili Tefsiri
  35. ↑ Mir, Mustansir. (1995). «Tafsīr». In John L. Esposito. The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  36. ↑ almizan.org
  37. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "TAFSIR". ismaili.net. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
  38. ↑ "Bursevi". Archived from the original on 2016-03-26. Retrieved 2013-05-20.
  39. ↑ "Zamakhsharī, Al- | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2021-02-12.
  40. ↑ "Abu al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī | Persian scholar". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-02-12.
  41. ↑ "The Study Qur'an - HarperCollins Publishers".
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.