Luisia
Illustration of Luisia psyche from Curtis's Botanical Magazine[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Vandeae
Subtribe: Aeridinae
Genus: Luisia
Gaudich.[2]
Type species
Luisia teretifolia
Gaudich.
Synonyms[2]

Luisia, commonly known as velvet orchids[3] or 钗子股属 (chai zi gu shu),[4] is a genus of epiphytic or lithophytic orchids in family Orchidaceae. Plants in this genus have flattened roots, long leafy stems, narrow, thick, leathery leaves and short-lived flowers that open sporadically. There are about forty species found from tropical and subtropical Asia to the Western Pacific.[2]

Description

Orchids in the genus Luisia are epiphytic or lithophytic, monopodial herbs with long, fibrous stems and thick, more or less flattened roots. A large number of cylinder-shaped, narrow leathery leaves are arranged along the stems. Up to ten resupinate, usually small, fleshy flowers are arranged on a short, thickened flowering stem and open sporadically. Each flower has a short, curved stalk and petals that are longer than the sepals. The labellum is large and fleshy with an upper epichile separated by a groove from the lower concave hypochile. The labellum has a rigid connection to the column.[3][4][5][6]

Taxonomy and naming

The genus Luisia was first formally described in 1829 by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré and the description was published in Voyage autour du monde fait par ordre du Roi sur les corvettes de S. M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne.[2][7][8] The name Luisia honours Don Luis de Torres who assisted the French expedition at Guam.[8][9]

Distribution

Orchids in the genus Luisia occur in Bhutan, China, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Guinea the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Australia, Micronesia and Melanesia.[2][4]

Species list

The following is a list of species of Luisia accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at December 2018:[2]

  • Luisia abrahami Vatsala in A.Abraham & P.Vatsala, 1981
  • Luisia amesiana Rolfe, 1893
  • Luisia antennifera Blume, 1849
  • Luisia appressifolia Aver., 2000
  • Luisia balakrishnanii S.Misra 2010
  • Luisia brachystachys (Lindl.) Blume, 1849
  • Luisia cantharis Rolfe, 1895
  • Luisia celebica Schltr., 1911
  • Luisia confusa Rchb.f. in W.G.Walpers, 1863
  • Luisia cordatilabia Ames & Quisumb. (1933, publ. 1934)
  • Luisia curtisii Seidenf., 1997
  • Luisia filiformis Hook.f., 1890
  • Luisia foxworthii Ames, 1908
  • Luisia hancockii Rolfe, 1896
  • Luisia javanica J.J.Sm., 1914
  • Luisia jonesii J.J.Sm., 1914
  • Luisia longispica Z.H.Tsi & S.C.Chen, 1994
  • Luisia lui T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung 2010
  • Luisia macrantha Blatt. & McCann, 1932
  • Luisia macrotis Rchb.f., 1869
  • Luisia magniflora Z.H.Tsi & S.C.Chen, 1994
  • Luisia megasepala Hayata, 1914
  • Luisia microptera Rchb.f., 1870
  • Luisia morsei Rolfe, 1903
  • Luisia occidentalis Lindl. 1853
  • Luisia parviflora Aver. 2015
  • Luisia primulina C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f., 1874
  • Luisia psyche Rchb.f., 1863
  • Luisia ramosii Ames, 1911
  • Luisia recurva Seidenf., 1971
  • Luisia secunda Seidenf., 1971
  • Luisia taurina J.J.Sm., 1910
  • Luisia tenuifolia Blume, 1849
  • Luisia teres (Thunb.) Blume, 1849
  • Luisia thailandica Seidenf., 1971
  • Luisia trichorhiza (Hook.) Blume, 1849
  • Luisia tristis (G.Forst.) Hook.f., 1890
  • Luisia unguiculata J.J.Sm., 1926
  • Luisia volucris Lindl., 1853
  • Luisia zeylanica Lindl. 1853
  • Luisia zollingeri Rchb.f. in W.G.Walpers, 1863

Intergeneric hybrids

  • x Aeridisia (Aerides x Luisia)
  • x Aeridovanisia (Aerides x Luisia x Vanda)
  • x Ascogastisia (Ascocentrum x Gastrochilus x Luisia)
  • x Debruyneara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Vanda)
  • x Dominyara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Neofinetia x Rhynchostylis )
  • x Gastisia (Gastrochilus x Luisia)
  • x Gastisocalpa (Gastrochilus x Luisia x Pomatocalpa)
  • x Goffara (Luisia x Rhynchostylis x Vanda)
  • x Luascotia (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Neofinetia)
  • x Luicentrum (Ascocentrum x Luisia)
  • x Luichilus (Luisia x Sarcochilus)
  • x Luinetia (Luisia x Neofinetia)
  • x Luinopsis (Luisia x Phalaenopsis)
  • x Luisanda (Luisia x Vanda)
  • x Luistylis (Luisia x Rhynchostylis )
  • x Luivanetia (Luisia x Neofinetia x Vanda)
  • x Pageara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Rhynchostylis x Vanda)
  • x Papilisia (Papilionanthe x Luisia) One species of Papilionanthe was re-classified as a hybrid with this genus (× Papilisia taiwaniana)
  • x Pomatisia (Luisia x Pomatocalpa)
  • x Scottara (Aerides x Arachnis x Luisia)
  • x Trautara (Doritis x Luisia x Phalaenopsis)

References

  1. ↑ Walter Hood Fitch (1817-1892) del. et lith. Description by James Bateman (1811-1897) - "Curtis's Botanical Magazine" vol. 92 (Ser. 3 no. 22) pl. 5558
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Luisia". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. 1 2 Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 436. ISBN 1877069124.
  4. 1 2 3 Chen, Xinqi; Wood, Jeffrey J. "Luisia". Flora of China. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
  5. ↑ D.L.Jones; T.Hopley; S.M.Duffy (2010). "Luisia". Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  6. ↑ Pridgeon, Alec M. (ed.); Cribb, Phillip J. (ed.); Chase, Mark W. (ed.); Rasmussen, Finn N. (ed.). Genera Orchidacearum. Oxford University Press. pp. 204–208. ISBN 9780199646517. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help)
  7. ↑ "Luisia". APNI. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
  8. 1 2 Guadichaud-Beaupré, Charles (1829). Voyage autour du monde fait par ordre du Roi sur les corvettes de S. M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne. Botanique. Paris. pp. 426–427. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
  9. ↑ "Luís de Torres". Guampedia. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
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