MASCARA
The five cameras that form the MASCARA system installed at La Silla Observatory
Alternative namesMulti-site All-Sky CAmeRA
Part ofLa Silla Observatory
Roque de los Muchachos Observatory Edit this on Wikidata
Location(s)Spain, Chile
Coordinates29°15′25″S 70°44′16″W / 29.257078°S 70.737822°W / -29.257078; -70.737822
Telescope styleoptical telescope Edit this on Wikidata
Websitemascara1.strw.leidenuniv.nl
  Related media on Commons
The compact housing of MASCARA at La Silla Observatory

MASCARA (Multi-site All-Sky CAmeRA) is an exoplanet experiment by Leiden University. It has two stations, one in each hemisphere, each of which use cameras to make short exposure photographs of most of the visible sky[1] to observe stars to a magnitude of 8.4.[2] The Northern Hemisphere station at Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma, started observations in February 2015. The Southern Hemisphere station at La Silla Observatory, Chile, saw first light in July 2017.[3]

MASCARA-1b

On 17 July 2017, the discovery of MASCARA-1b, a confirmed superjovian exoplanet with a mass 3.7MJ, was reported by the survey team. MASCARA-1b is a hot Jupiter transiting its parent A-type star; its orbit is misaligned with the star's rotation.[4] The planet was found unusually reflective for hot Jupiter with the measured geometric albedo of 0.171+0.066
−0.068 and dayside temperature of 3062+66
−68 K.[5] Attempts to spectroscopically characterize its composition were failing as in 2022 due to relatively high planetary surface gravity resulting in compact atmosphere.[6]

MASCARA-2b

A second planet, MASCARA-2b, also known as KELT-20b, was also announced in 2017. It is a hot Jupiter orbiting an A-type star.[7] The carbon monoxide, steam[8][9] and neutral iron[10] detection in the atmosphere of MASCARA-2b was announced in 2022.

MASCARA-4b

A planet MASCARA-4b (also known as HD 85628 Ab) discovery was announced in 2019. It is a hot Jupiter on retrograde and slightly eccentric orbit.[11] The planet is unusually reflective for a hot Jupiter.[12] Hydrogen, sodium, magnesium, calcium and iron emission from planetary atmosphere was detected.[13]

MASCARA-5b

In 2021, a planet MASCARA-5b (more commonly known as TOI-1431 b), is an Ultra-hot Jupiter. Its dayside temperature is 2,700 K (2,427 °C), making it hotter than 40% of stars in our galaxy.[14] The nightside temperature is 2,600 K (2,300 °C).[15]

List of discovered exoplanets

Star Constellation Right
ascension		 Declination App.
mag.		 Distance (ly) Spectral
type		 Planet Mass
(MJ)		 Radius
(RJ)		 Orbital
period
(d)		 Semimajor
axis
(AU)		 Orbital
eccentricity		 Inclination
(°)		 Discovery
year
MASCARA-1Equuleus21h 10m 12.4s+10° 44′ 20″8.3188.7A8 b3.71.52.148780.0430872017
MASCARA-2Cygnus19h 38m 38.7s+31° 13′ 09″7.58137A2V b3.5181.833.47410850.05420.086.22017
MASCARA-3Ursa Major10h 47m 38s+71° 39′ 21″8.496.79F5 b5.181.2725.55149260.0697189.1683.112019
MASCARA-4Carina09h 50m 19.2s−66° 06′ 50″86.7171.54A3V b3.11.532.824060.047088.812019
MASCARA-5Cepheus21h 04m 49s+55° 35′ 17″8149.6AmC b3.141.5082.650220.0470.0180.42021

References

  1. ↑ "Multi-site All-Sky CAmeRA – Official Website". Leiden Astronomy MASCARA group. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  2. ↑ "Eyes Wide Open for MASCARA in Chile – Exoplanet hunter sees first light at ESO's La Silla Observatory". European Southern Observatory. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  3. ↑ "Eyes Wide Open for MASCARA in Chile – Exoplanet hunter sees first light at ESO's La Silla Observatory". European Southern Observatory. 19 July 2017. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  4. ↑ Talens, G. J. J; et al. (2017). "MASCARA-1 b. A hot Jupiter transiting a bright mV = 8.3 A-star in a misaligned orbit". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 606: A73. arXiv:1707.04262. Bibcode:2017A&A...606A..73T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731282. S2CID 119259578.
  5. ↑ Spi-OPS:Spitzer and CHEOPS confirm the near-polar orbit of MASCARA-1b and reveal a hint of dayside reflection, 2021, arXiv:2109.05031
  6. ↑ Transmission spectroscopy of MASCARA-1b with ESPRESSO:Challenges of overlapping orbital and Doppler tracks, 2022, arXiv:2206.09443
  7. ↑ Talens, G. J. J; et al. (2018). "MASCARA-2 b: A hot Jupiter transiting a mV = 7.6 A-star". Astronomy & Astrophysics. A57: 612. arXiv:1707.01500. Bibcode:2018A&A...612A..57T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731512. S2CID 119422884.
  8. ↑ Strong H2O and CO emission features in the spectrum of KELT-20b driven by stellar UV irradiation, 2022, arXiv:2201.02261
  9. ↑ Unifying High- and Low-resolution Observations to Constrain the Dayside Atmosphere of KELT-20b/MASCARA-2b, 2022, arXiv:2208.04759
  10. ↑ Detection of iron emission lines and a temperature inversion on the dayside of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-20b, 2022, arXiv:2201.08759
  11. ↑ MASCARA-4 b/bRing-1 b - A retrograde hot Jupiter around the bright A3V star HD 85628, 2019, arXiv:1904.02733
  12. ↑ Gravity-Darkening Analysis of Misaligned Hot Jupiter MASCARA-4 b, 2019, arXiv:1911.05025
  13. ↑ Transmission spectroscopy of the ultra-hot Jupiter MASCARA-4 b Disentangling the hydrostatic and exospheric regimes of ultra-hot Jupiters, 2022, arXiv:2208.11427
  14. ↑ "Scientists uncover a 'hellish' planet so hot it could vaporize most metals". CNET. April 27, 2021. Retrieved April 27, 2021.
  15. ↑ "'Hellish' new planet discovered". University of Southern Queensland. April 27, 2021. Retrieved April 27, 2021.

Papers

  • G.J.J. Talens et al., The Multi-site All-Sky CAmeRA: Finding transiting exoplanets around bright (mV < 8) stars, accepted for publication in A&A arXiv:1702.03931
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