Madrid Forum
Foro Madrid
Formation26 October 2020
TypeAnti-communist organization
PurposeIbero-American network of Right-wing political parties and organisations
HeadquartersMadrid, Spain
Region served
Ibero-America
Websiteforomadrid.org

The Madrid Forum (Spanish: Foro Madrid) is an anti-communist organization created on 26 October 2020 by the Disenso Foundation think tank of the far-right Spanish political party Vox. Its founding document, the Madrid Charter, was primarily signed by conservative, ultraconservative, and far-right politicians from the Americas and the Iberian Peninsula.[1][2][3][4][5]

Background

The Madrid Charter was a manifesto created as part of an effort to create the Madrid Forum, an anti-communist international organization with a "permanent structure and an annual action plan".[1][3][6] Vox initially introduced the project to the government of then United States president Donald Trump while visiting the United States in February 2019, with Santiago Abascal using his good relations with the administration to build support within the Republican Party and establishing strong ties with American contacts.[2][6]

In March 2019, Abascal tweeted an image of himself wearing a morion similar to a conquistador. ABC wrote that this event provided a narrative that "symbolizes in part the expansionist mood of Vox and its ideology far from Spain".[7] On 3 March 2020, Abascal met with Luis Almagro, Secretary General of the Organization of American States, to discuss the creation of the Madrid Forum.[8] The charter subsequently grew to include signers that had little to no relation to Latin America and Spanish-speaking areas.[9]

The Madrid Forum was destined to hold its first event in Madrid in June 2020; it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the Madrid Charter converting into an online document presented on 26 October 2020.[2][6]

Madrid Charter

Madrid Charter
Original titleCarta de Madrid
Created26 October 2020
SignatoriesSee below

The Madrid Charter: In Defense of Freedom and Democracy in the Iberosphere (Spanish: Carta de Madrid: en defensa de la libertad y la democracia en la Iberosfera), also known as the Letter from Madrid, was a manifesto created on 26 October 2020 by the Disenso Foundation think tank of Vox. The document denounced left-wing organizations in Ibero-America, said these groups pose a threat to liberal democracy through communism,[10] and that part of the region "is held hostage by totalitarian regimes of communist inspiration, supported by drug trafficking and third countries, all of them under the umbrella of Cuba". The Madrid Charter was primarily signed by conservative, ultraconservative, and far-right politicians from the Americas and the Iberian Peninsula.[1][2][3] José Antonio Kast, one the document's signators, proposed in October 2021 that the signators of the Madrid Charter establish an International Anti-Radical Left Coordination, stating that "what is happening in Colombia is no coincidence. The model of the antisocial outbreak is repeated in Chile."[11]

Content

In the document, signatories define two entities; the first is an allied Iberosphere of nations holding the same roots to the Iberian Peninsula and the second are left-wing groups, such as the São Paulo Forum and the Puebla Group,[6] which the charter recognizes as an enemy and threat to the freedom.[12][13][14] The letter condemns leftist groups as being under the influence of Cuba, stating that they are "under the umbrella of the Cuban regime", describes part of the region as being "kidnapped by totalitarian communist-inspired regimes, supported by drug trafficking", and says that leftist groups hold an "ideological agenda" to destabilize liberal governments.[6][15][16] The letter cites respect for the rule of law, separation of powers, and private property.[7][16] It called for scholars, the media, and other groups to uphold the objectives of the Madrid Charter.[16]

Promotion

Delegates of Vox travelled throughout Latin America to promote and obtain signatures the manifesto, meeting with politicians in Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru.[3][17][18] While promoting the charter in Ecuador, Vox delegate Hermann Tertsch said that signatures were necessary to counter "narcosocialism", arguing that "[a]ll Latin American countries are threatened by the same totalitarian project funded mainly by Venezuelan oil and drug trafficking", which Tertsch said was guided by Cuba.[17] At the meetings in Ecuador, Guillermo Lasso's recently-nominated Minister of National Defense Fernando Donoso signed the document along with members of the Social Christian Party and Partido SUMA.[17]

In Mexico, the visit and signature collection event by Vox caused controversy when the National Action Party (PAN) legislators signed the charter.[19][20] PAN politicians received criticism on social media that resulted with conflicts within the party.[19] Shortly after participating with Vox, PAN politicians distanced themselves from signing the manifesto,[20] while the party's official Twitter deleted an image of PAN members meeting with Vox representatives.[21] Due to Vox's controversial visit, discussions occurred of Mexico possibly enforcing Article 33 of the Constitution of Mexico, which grants the expulsion of foreign individuals for interfering in Mexican political affairs. Andrés Manuel López Obrador, the president of Mexico, declined this option by stating that "Mexico is a free country. I also say this so that if the gentleman of Vox, Abascal, wants to come again, he can do it. The doors of our country are open, they are always welcome. All foreigners, even if they are opponents."[22]

Peruvian investigative journalism website OjoPúblico wrote in an article discussing far-right alliances in the Americas that members of Vox travelled to Peru to obtain signatures, with the parties Go on Country of Hernando de Soto, Popular Force of Keiko Fujimori, and Popular Renewal of Rafael López Aliaga signing the document.[14][23][24] Peruvian business executives, including the owner of Willax Televisión, also participated in discussions and signed the charter.[25] Additionally, Vox created an e-participation initiative in Peru to gather signatures from Peruvian citizens.[26]

Signatories

Origin Signatories Source
 Argentina
[16]
 Bolivia [16]
 Brazil [13][16]
 Chile [13][16]
 Colombia
  • John Marulanda
  • Margarita Restrepo
  • María Clara Escobar
  • María Fernanda Cabal
  • Paloma Valencia
  • Paola Holguín
 [27]
 Costa Rica [16]
 Cuba
[16]
 Ecuador
  • Amparo Medina
  • André Santos Espinoza
  • César E. Benítez
  • Cristina López
  • Esteban Torres Cobo
  • Felipe León
  • Fernando Balda
  • Gabriela Weber
  • Guillermo Lasso (alleged)
  • Héctor Yepes
  • Henry Kronfle
  • Jairo Darío Lalaleo Valencia
  • Luis Espinosa Goded
  • Mario Cuvi
  • Mario Pazmiño Silva
  • Martha Cecilia Villafuerte
  • Max Meitzner
  • Otto Sonnenholzner
  • Pedro Pablo Duart
 [12][16][17]
 El Salvador
  • Alejandrina Castro
 [16]
 France [16]
 Greece [16]
 Honduras [16]
 Italy [16]
 Mexico
[16]
 Netherlands [16]
 Paraguay
  • Dannia Ríos
  • Hugo Vera Ojeda
  • Tito Aranda
  • Víctor Pavón
 [16]
 Peru
[3][13][16]
 Portugal [16]
 Spain [16]
 Sweden [16]
 United States
[16][28][29]
 Uruguay
  • Pablo Viana
  • Pedro Isern
 [16]
 Venezuela
[16]

Meetings

1st Regional Meeting

The 1st Regional Meeting of Foro Madrid was held in Bogotá in February 2022.[30][31] At the meeting, a group of fifty anti-fascist protesters gathered to denounce the Madrid Forum, some chanting "Bogotá will be the tomb of fascism", with some individuals damaging the exterior of the hotel where the event occurred.[31] Police disperse the protesters and the forum accused leftist presidential candidate Gustavo Petro of organizing the protests.[31][32] During the event, the forum emphasized the importance of the upcoming 2022 Colombian presidential election and the 2022 Brazilian general election, saying a threat of "narco-communist threat" loomed over Latin America.[32]

2nd Regional Meeting

During the 2nd Regional Meeting of Foro Madrid, which was held in Lima in March 2023, was virtually attended by Abascal, who described the Sao Paulo Forum and the Puebla Group as "criminal organizations".[33][4] The forum also called for the ousting of Petro, who became president of Colombia, stating that the 2022 Colombian presidential election was fraudulent, and alleged that he was aligned with drug traffickers and that Russia interfered with social networks to support him.[34] Conservative Peruvian newspaper El Comercio described the meeting as an event "with some radicalisms for the grandstand and no narrative that promises change from the right",[35] while Wayka described it as a "meeting of the fascist extreme right", and cited Elisabeth Dulanto Baquerizo de Miró Quesada of the family that owns El Comercio Group as one of the attenders; her company helped to host the meeting.[30]

Analysis

According to the Spanish newspaper El País, Vox organized groups of Evangelicals, Catholics, neoconservatives, right-wing populists, and individuals "nostalgic for military dictatorships" with the Madrid Charter.[6] The Committee for the Abolition of Illegitimate Debt described the charter and Madrid Forum as "a first attempt to regroup the forces of the hard right" into a "Brown International", and commented that the Madrid Charter is "co-signed by parties and personalities of the extreme right that have nothing to do with Latin America or with the Spanish language."[9] Página 12, a Kirchnerist newspaper edited in Buenos Aires, described the initiative as a "cultural war" declared by Vox and "a conservative offensive on what democratic advances that had or have began in Latin America at the beginning of this century".[14] Political scientist Kathy Zegarra of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru discussed Keiko Fujimori's participation with Vox's initiative. She said: "It's beneficial for the far-right public. However, it generates liabilities especially for those citizens who have more tolerant ideas; ... it is negative for those citizens who have more progressive values, who have values in favor of human rights."[18] Khemvirg Puente, a political scientist of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, said that the participation of PAN politicians in the charter was a way for Mexican president Andrés Manuel López Obrador to confirm his rhetoric against the party and that this act moved the party to the far right, making it unattractive to voters.[19] In Peru, prominent heads of businesses, especially in the mining industry, supported the Madrid Forum.[30]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Abascal promueve una carta con políticos americanos contra el comunismo". EFE (in European Spanish). 26 October 2020. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Carvajal, Álvaro (27 December 2020). "Vox abre otro frente de disputa con el PP en Latinoamérica". El Mundo (in Spanish). p. 14. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Vox estrecha lazos con derecha peruana y suma firmas a su pacto anticomunista". EFE (in Spanish). 27 September 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  4. 1 2 Valencia, Martha (29 March 2023). "Foro Madrid se desarrolla en Lima con grupos y congresistas de derecha". El Búho (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  5. ↑ Fernanda Rojas (23 October 2021). "Vox: Las redes de la ultraderecha española en América Latina". La Tercera. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 González, Miguel; Galarraga Gortázar, Naiara; Rivas Molina, Federico (18 October 2021). "Vox teje una alianza anticomunista en América Latina". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  7. 1 2 "La última cruzada de Vox: combatir el comunismo en Iberoamérica". ABC (in Spanish). 26 September 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  8. ↑ Avendaño, Emily (4 March 2020). "Foro Madrid, la nueva entidad que busca frenar al Foro de Sao Paulo en la región, incluso en Chile". El Líbero (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  9. 1 2 Mitralias, Yorgos (5 October 2022). "Towards the Brown International of the European and global far right?". Committee for the Abolition of Illegitimate Debt. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  10. ↑ "Qué es la Carta de Madrid, el documento que firmaron senadores del PAN y desató la polémica con el partido VOX". Infobae. 3 September 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  11. ↑ Almeida, Andrés; Velásquez, Francisco (24 October 2021). "Quiénes son los amigos internacionales de José Antonio Kast". Interferencia (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 August 2023.
  12. 1 2 Oñate, Sara (8 November 2021). "El Régimen niega haber firmado la Carta de Madrid". El Comercio (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  13. 1 2 3 4 "Spooked by Venezuela". The Economist. Vol. 9270, no. 441. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit. 6 November 2021. p. 49.
  14. 1 2 3 Teruggi, Marco (20 October 2021). "La derecha dura española descubrió América | El grupo Vox busca crear una internacional en la "iberoesfera"". Página 12. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  15. ↑ Moncada, Andrea (25 October 2021). "What's With All the Imperial Spanish Flags in Peru (and Elsewhere)?". Americas Quarterly. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 "Carta de Madrid". Fundación Disenso (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  17. 1 2 3 4 "Vox alerta en Ecuador contra expansión del 'narcosocialismo' en la Iberosfera". EFE (in Spanish). 28 May 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
  18. 1 2 "'En Perú no deberían preocuparse': expertas trazan la naciente influencia de Vox en la región". La República (in Spanish). 12 October 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  19. 1 2 3 "El apoyo al partido español Vox debilita todavía más a la oposición mexicana". EFE (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 December 2021.
  20. 1 2 "Expresidente mexicano ve a la cúpula del PAN "extraviada" por reunión con Vox". EFE (in Spanish). 3 September 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
  21. ↑ Salazar, Diego (30 September 2021). "La redención de la derecha peruana no pasa por VOX". The Washington Post.
  22. ↑ "López Obrador abre las puertas de México a una nueva visita de Vox". EFE (in Spanish). 6 September 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
  23. ↑ "Poderes no santos: alianzas de ultraderecha en Latinoamérica". OjoPúblico (in Spanish). 14 November 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  24. ↑ Cabral, Ernesto (12 January 2021). "Militares en retiro con discursos extremistas se vinculan a políticos para apoyar la vacancia". OjoPúblico (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  25. ↑ "Sociólogo tras reunión de Vox con Fujimori: Se abrazan con quien intentó un golpe en Perú". La República (in Spanish). 25 September 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  26. ↑ "Partido de ultraderecha Vox busca reclutar integrantes peruanos". La Republica (in Spanish). 25 October 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
  27. ↑ Espectador, El (31 October 2021). "ELESPECTADOR.COM". ELESPECTADOR.COM (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  28. ↑ Ballesteros, Roberto R. (26 February 2021). "Los organizadores del evento conservador del año en Estados Unidos apoyan a Abascal". El Confidencial (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 December 2021.
  29. ↑ "Los organizadores del evento conservador del año en Estados Unidos apoyan". Vox. 26 February 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
  30. 1 2 3 "Los empresarios aliados del Foro Madrid, el encuentro de la extrema derecha fascista". Wayka (in Spanish). 14 April 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  31. 1 2 3 PERÚ, NOTICIAS EL COMERCIO (18 February 2022). "Vox | Colombia: Disturbios en Foro Madrid del partido de España que reúne a la derecha de América Latina en Bogotá | Hotel Radisson | MUNDO". El Comercio Perú (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  32. 1 2 "Atacan hotel donde se realizaba Foro de Madrid organizado por VOX en el norte de Bogotá". infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  33. ↑ "La arenga de Rafael López Aliaga durante el Foro Madrid en Lima: "¡Viva Vox, viva el Perú!"". infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  34. ↑ ""La elección de Gustavo Petro como presidente debe anularse": el Foro de Madrid". Semana (in Spanish). 11 March 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  35. ↑ PERÚ, NOTICIAS EL COMERCIO (1 April 2023). "La derecha: mucho dato, poco relato. Crónica sobre sobre el Foro Madrid en Lima | POLITICA". El Comercio Perú (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 April 2023.

Works cited

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