Maha Vir Chakra | |
---|---|
Type | Medal |
Awarded for | "... acts of gallantry in the presence of the enemy on land, at sea or in the air."[1] |
Country | Republic of India |
Presented by | Republic of India |
Eligibility | Military personnel |
Status | Currently awarded |
Established | 26 January 1950 |
First awarded | 1947 |
Last awarded | 2021 |
Total awarded posthumously | 74 |
Total recipients | 213 (as of 2023)[2][3] |
Precedence | |
Next (higher) | Param Vishisht Seva Medal[4] |
Equivalent | Kirti Chakra[4] |
Next (lower) | Padma Shri[4] |
The Maha Vir Chakra (MVC) (lit. 'Chakra of the Great Brave') is the second highest military decoration in India, after the Param Vir Chakra, and is awarded for acts of conspicuous gallantry in the presence of the enemy, whether on land, at sea or in the air. It replaced the British Distinguished Service Order (DSO). The medal may be awarded posthumously.
Appearance
The medal is made of standard silver and is circular in shape. Embossed on the obverse is a five pointed heraldic star with circular center-piece bearing the gilded state emblem of India in the center. The words "Mahavira Chakra" are embossed in Hindi and English on the reverse with two lotus flowers in the middle. The decoration is worn on the left chest with a half-white and half-orange riband about 3.2 cm in width, the orange being near the left shoulder.[5]
History
More than 218 acts of bravery and selfless courage have been recognized since the inception of the medal. The most MVCs awarded in a single conflict was in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, when eleven were given to the Indian Air Force.
Bar to MVC
Provision was made for the award of a bar for a second award of the Maha Vir Chakra, the first two being awarded in 1965. To date, there are six known awards of a first bar:
S. No. | Rank | Name | Branch | Date of First Award | Date of Second Award |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Wing Commander | Jag Mohan Nath | Indian Air Force | 1 January 1962 | 1 September 1965 |
2 | Major General | Rajinder Singh Sparrow | Indian Army | 19 March 1948 | 6 September 1965 |
3 | General | Arun Shridhar Vaidya | Indian Army | 16 September 1965 | 5 December 1971 |
4 | Wing Commander | Padmanabha Gautam | Indian Air Force | 6 September 1965 | 5 December 1971 |
5 | Colonel | Chewang Rinchen | Indian Army | 1 July 1948 | 8 December 1971 |
6 | Brigadier | Sant Singh | Indian Army | 2 November 1965 | 2 January 1972 |
No second bars have been awarded. Award of the decoration carries with it the right to use MVC as a post-nominal abbreviation.
List of recipients
The Mahavir Chakra awardees include:[6][7]
† | Indicates posthumous honour |
References
- ↑ "Maha Vir Chakra". Gallantry Awards. Indian Army. Retrieved 23 March 2011.
- ↑ "Awardees". Gallantry Awards – Ministry of Defence, Government of India. 20 November 2019. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
- ↑ "SUMMARY OF HONOURS AND AWARDS TO ARMY ON REPUBLIC DAY 2021" (PDF). Press Information Bureau of India. 25 January 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
- 1 2 3 "Precedence of Medals". Official Website of Indian Army. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
- ↑ "Mahavir Chakra in India". India9.com. 7 June 2005. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ↑ "Awardees – Maha Vir Chakra". Gallantry Awards – Ministry of Defence, Government of India. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
- ↑ "Awards: Mahavir Chakra". The War Decorated Trust. 2016. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
- ↑ "Lieutenant Colonel Dewan Ranjit Rai | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Sepoy Dewan Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Naik Chand Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
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- ↑ "Lieutenant Colonel Khushal Chand | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
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- ↑ "Lieutenant Colonel Man Mohan Khanna | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
- ↑ "Brigadier Rajinder Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
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- ↑ "Jemadar Hardev Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
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- ↑ "Naik Raju | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
- ↑ "Subedar Chuni Ram | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
- ↑ "Civ Porter Mohd Ismail, MVC". War Decorated India & Trust.
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- ↑ "Major Chewang Rinchen | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Naik Pritam Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
- ↑ "Jemadar Sampooran Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
- ↑ "Brigadier Sher Jung Thapa | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
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- ↑ "Lieutenant Colonel Harbans Singh Virk | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
- ↑ "Lieutenant General Anil Krishna Barat | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
- ↑ "Lance Naik Rabi Lal Thapa | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
- ↑ "Lieutenant Colonel Dharam Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
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- ↑ "Captain Dara Dinshaw Mistry | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in/.
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- ↑ "Captain Chander Narain Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Major General Swarup Singh Kalaan | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Lieutenant General Ram Dharam Dass Hira | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Lieutenant General Zorawar Chand Bakshi | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Colonel Gurbans Singh Sangha | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Lieutenant General Ranjit Singh Dayal | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Major Bhaskar Roy | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Wing Commander Jag Mohan Nath | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Air Commodore William MacDonald Goodman | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Subedar Ajit Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Brigadier Desmond Hayde | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Major General Gurbaksh Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Major General Rajinder Singh Sparrow | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Lieutenant General Har Krishen Sibal | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Lieutenant General Khem Karan Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Lieutenant Colonel Narindra Nath Khanna | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Wing Commander Padmanabha Gautam | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Air Marshal Prem Pal Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Brigadier Raghubir Singh | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Lieutenant Colonel Harbans Lal Mehta | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
- ↑ "Naib Subedar Naubat Ram | Gallantry Awards". www.gallantryawards.gov.in.
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