New York Rangers

Staal with the Rangers during his rookie season in the NHL, January 2008

On October 4, 2007, Staal made his National Hockey League debut for the New York Rangers, as well as for Head Coach Tom Renney, who would use him in that first season primarily in a defensive role. Staal would record his first NHL point against the Washington Capitals on November 1, 2007, when Chris Drury deflected his shot in for a goal, earning Staal an assist. Staal scored his first NHL goal on November 14, 2007, against the New Jersey Devils at the Prudential Center. His wrist shot from the left faceoff circle sailed over the outstretched glove of goaltender Martin Brodeur and deflected in off the crossbar. Assisting on his first goal in the NHL were teammates Scott Gomez and Brendan Shanahan. During 2007–08, Staal was one of 16 rookies selected to participate in the YoungStars competition at the 2008 NHL All-Star Game in Atlanta, where he scored a goal and added an assist.^[3] Staal finished his rookie season with ten points on the strength of two goals and eight assists; he also established himself as a reliable defender, posting a positive plus/minus rating at +2, as the Rangers qualified for the Stanley Cup playoffs. He saved his best for the playoffs, with his first NHL playoff goal and two assists to help the Rangers defeat the Devils in five games during the Eastern Conference Quarter-finals. The goal was important — in the pivotal Game 4, Staal's slapper broke a 3–3 deadlock late in the third period and stood to be the game-winning goal in a 5–3 victory that gave the Rangers a 3–1 lead in the series. Like his first regular season goal, it also came against Martin Brodeur. However, despite their win over the Devils in the Conference Quarter-finals, the Rangers would fall to his younger brother Jordan's team, the eventual Stanley Cup runner-up Pittsburgh Penguins, in the Eastern Conference Semi-finals.

In 2008–09, Staal improved his offensive output to 15 points, scoring three goals and adding 12 assists, all career highs at the time. He returned to the YoungStars Competition as a sophomore at the 2009 NHL All-Star Game in Montreal, and scored two goals.^[4] Late in the season, a coaching change led to a more offensive philosophy designed to propel the Rangers into the playoffs. The defensive-minded Tom Renney was replaced by John Tortorella, who encouraged more offence from all of his players, including Staal. As a result, much of Staal's production came toward the end of the season; 6 of his 15 points came after the coaching change, in just 21 games (as opposed to nine in 61 under Renney). The Rangers would again qualify for the Stanley Cup playoffs on the strength of their strong finish, but this time were defeated in the first round by the Washington Capitals in seven games after blowing a 3–1 series lead. During the series, Staal would record his second career NHL playoff goal.

Staal during a game in the 2009 Stanley Cup playoffs

In the summer of 2009, Marc and his brothers Eric and Jordan were invited to try out for a Team Canada roster spot for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. However, when the team was named on December 30, 2009, Eric was the only Staal named to the squad.

In his third NHL season, Staal began to transition into more of a two-way role for the Rangers during 2009–10 as the development of his offence continued under John Tortorella. Staal enjoyed the first four-game point streak of his career (one goal and three assists). Though the Rangers would miss the playoffs for the first time in Staal's career, he would establish new career highs with eight goals, 19 assists, 27 points and a career-best +11 rating during the season. He saved his finest for late in the year, scoring a beautiful, coast-to-coast goal against Florida Panthers goaltender Scott Clemmensen on April 3, 2010, after receiving the puck from teammate Henrik Lundqvist in the defensive zone. For Staal, it capped a three-game goal-scoring streak and ignited a Rangers comeback in an eventual 4–1 victory that kept the Rangers' playoff hopes alive. The team missed the playoffs on the final day of the season, however, losing 2–1 in a shootout to the Philadelphia Flyers, who took the eighth and final playoff spot from the Rangers. Staal led all Ranger skaters in ice time during the final game, on-ice for 29:16 of the game's 65 minutes and finished at +1.

In 2010, Marc became a restricted free agent for the first time. Though negotiations between Staal's camp and Rangers General Manager Glen Sather were often slow,^[5] Staal signed a five-year, $19.875 million extension with the team on September 15, 2010.^[6] After a strong training camp, John Tortorella recognized Staal's leadership qualities in October 2010 by naming him an alternate captain at the age of 23.^[7]

During the 2010–11 season, Staal was chosen for the first time to participate in the 2011 NHL All-Star Game in Raleigh, North Carolina. During the game, he enjoyed a rare opportunity to play on the same team as his brother Eric. Staal tied Kimmo Timonen of the Philadelphia Flyers for most shorthanded goals among defencemen, with two.^[8]

Staal with the Rangers in January 2011, his fourth season in the NHL

On February 22, 2011, in a game against the Carolina Hurricanes, Staal was checked by his brother, Eric. Marc was looking down, fighting for the puck with another Hurricanes player, when Eric came and threw a hard shoulder check, and Marc was slow to get up. It was a legal check, and Marc played for the rest of the season, setting career highs with 22 assists and 29 points. However, it was revealed before the Rangers' 2011 training camp began that Staal was suffering from post-concussion symptoms. He did not play until January 2, 2012, in the 2012 NHL Winter Classic against the Philadelphia Flyers. He only played 46 games in 2011–12, struggling to get his timing back from the injury as he posted a career-worst −7 and only five points (two goals and three assists). He got better as the season went on, however, and helped the Rangers reach the Eastern Conference Finals.

In Game 5 of the Eastern Conference Semifinals against the Washington Capitals, Staal scored a memorable overtime goal to give the Rangers a 3–2 win. After teammate Brad Richards had scored a rebound goal with 6.6 seconds left in regulation to send the game to overtime, Staal's powerplay slapshot from the point past Braden Holtby gave the Rangers a 3–2 win and a 3–2 series lead.

Staal continued his strong play into the lock-out-shortened 2012–13, averaging over 0.5 points per game for the first time in his career with 11 points (2 goals, 9 assists) in his first 21 games. However, during a game against the Philadelphia Flyers, in New York, on March 5, 2013, Staal suffered a scary eye injury. A slap-shot by Flyers defenceman Kimmo Timonen was deflected by Flyer forward Jakub Voráček into Staal's right eye, sending him to the ice. After the game, it was concluded that Staal suffered a small retinal tear in his right eye and an orbital fracture. The injury effectively ended his season, as he only played in one game the rest of the year, in the first round of the playoffs, before pulling himself from the line-up again.^[9] When he returned, he wore a visor for the first time in his career due to the nature of the injury.^[10]

In the 2013–14 season, Staal finally played a full season after his two injury-shortened seasons, with 72 regular season games and another 25 in the playoffs, helping the Rangers reach their first Stanley Cup Finals in 20 years. His point totals were modest (three goals and 11 assists for 14 points during the regular season, and one goal and four assists in the playoffs), as he focused primarily on staying healthy and re-establishing his solid defensive presence. He was the third Staal brother to reach the Finals, after older brother Eric won in 2006 with the Hurricanes and younger brother Jordan was part of two consecutive finals with the Penguins in 2008 and 2009, winning the latter.^[11]

In January 2015 Staal signed a 6-year, $34.2 million contract extension, carrying a cap hit with an average annual value of $5.7 million. For the 2014–15 season Staal ended up playing 80 games in the regular season, the most he had played in since the 2009–10 season. He recorded 5 goals and 15 assists for 20 points, each the most he had recorded since the 2010–11 season. With his contributions the team finished the season with 53 wins and 113 points, both single-season franchise records, and which earned the team its seventh division title (second in four years) and third Presidents' Trophy. Staal played 19 games that postseason as the team reached the Eastern Conference Finals for the third time in four years, ultimately falling to the Tampa Bay Lightning in 7 games.

In the 2019–20 season, Staal played in his 842nd career game with the Rangers on October 5, 2019, passing Vic Hadfield for seventh-most played games played games in franchise history.^[12] On October 29, 2019, for the first time in his 13-year NHL career, Staal was a healthy scratch against the Tampa Bay Lightning.

Detroit Red Wings

On September 26, 2020, Staal, as one of the longest-tenured players in Rangers history, ended his affiliation with the team as he was traded to the Detroit Red Wings, along with a 2021 second-round pick, in exchange for future considerations.^[13]

On July 25, 2021, Staal signed a one-year, $2 million contract extension with the Red Wings.^[14]

On March 12, 2022, Staal played his 1,000th NHL game, which made him, Eric, and Jordan as the only trio of brothers in the NHL to play 1,000 games.^[15]

Florida Panthers

On July 13, 2022, having left the Red Wings as a free agent, Staal signed a one-year, $750,000 contract with the Florida Panthers.^[16]

In March 2023, Marc, along with his brother Eric, refused to wear Pride-themed jerseys in the pre-game warmups as a part of the Panthers' annual Pride Night; they cited their Christian faith as the reason for their decision. The rest of the Florida Panthers team members wore the jerseys during warmups to be later auctioned for charity.^[17]

Philadelphia Flyers

As a free agent after a season with the Panthers, Staal continued his playing career in agreeing to a one-year, $1.1 million contract with the Philadelphia Flyers for the 2023–24 season on July 3, 2023.^[18]