Maryland Defense Force
Distinctive unit insignia
Active1917–1920
1941–1947
1983–present
Country United States
Allegiance Maryland
Type  State defense force
Part ofMaryland Military Department
HeadquartersReisterstown, Maryland
Motto(s)Officio Vocante Parati (Ready When Called)[1]
Websitemilitary.maryland.gov/mddf/Pages/default.aspx
Commanders
Governor of the State of MarylandGovernor Wes Moore
Adjutant General of the State of MarylandMajor General Janeen L. Birckhead
Commanding General, Maryland Defense ForceBrigadier General (MDDF) Gregory Juday
Insignia
Beret flash of the Maryland Defense Force

The Maryland Defense Force (MDDF)[2] is the state defense force for the state of Maryland. The MDDF is organized as a state military reserve organization organized parallel to the Maryland National Guard and is designed to augment the National Guard during stateside emergencies. However, as a state defense force, the MDDF is solely under control of the State of Maryland and cannot be federalized or deployed outside the borders of Maryland.[3]

History

20th century

The history of the MDDF dates back to colonial days in the 17th century,[4] but it was formally established in 1917 with the mission "to protect public buildings, water supplies, and other properties". It was called the Maryland State Guard. It was disbanded in 1920 to make room for the National Guard to return to duties in the armories.

Maryland Defense Forces and Maryland Army National Guard participate in a multi-agency disaster exercise at Towson University.

The Maryland State Guard was reactivated in 1939 in response to World War II. It was then deactivated in 1947.[5] As of 1983, the Maryland State Guard was reactivated and renamed the Maryland Defense Force. In 1994, the Maryland Defense Force's missions were expanded to search and rescue, armory staffing, and disaster relief. As of September 11, 2001, the Maryland Defense Force was tasked with its current mission, which is to provide support to the Maryland Military Department as needed.

21st century

In August 2005, members of the 10th Medical Regiment, including civilian medical professionals who were sworn into the MDDF on the tarmac of Martin State Airport, departed for Louisiana in two C130 cargo planes operated by the Maryland Air National Guard to provide medical treatment to approximately 6,300 hurricane victims over eighteen days as an operation called Operation Lifeline.[6][7]

In 2006, members of the 10th Medical Regiment, despite not being subject to deployment outside the State of Maryland, voluntarily deployed with the 175th Medical Group of the Maryland Air National Guard to Bosnia and Herzegovina as a part of a training exercise where the 10th Medical Regiment assisted in providing medical aid to the local populace.[8]

In September 2007, the MDDF participated with the National Guard for Exercise Vigilant Guard, a major homeland security/terrorist response exercise held in Maryland, Virginia, and Washington, DC.[9][10]

In June 2012, the MDDF provided food and water to residents of Baltimore during the heat emergency.[11]

During the 2015 Baltimore riots, members of the Maryland Defense Force, including members of the 10th Medical Brigade as well as logistical support personnel and military chaplains, deployed alongside the Maryland Army National Guard in support of their mission.[12]

The Code of Maryland guarantees that members of the Maryland Defense Force who are called to active duty or training are entitled to a leave of absence, and full reemployment rights after their deployment ends. This is only for Maryland State employees. Members of MDDF are also covered by Maryland workers compensation where actively deployed by the Maryland Governor.

Units

The Maryland Defense Force Band plays at the State Defense Force conference in October 2015.

Maryland Defense Force Band

The Maryland Defense Force Band provides back up support for the 229th Army Band of the Maryland Army National Guard.[13] The MDDF band plays in military ceremonies, concerts, and receptions organized by the Maryland Military Department.[14] The band includes wind, brass, and percussion instruments.[15]

Cavalry Troop A

Cavalry Troop A, the ceremonial cavalry unit of the Maryland Military Department, was established January 8, 2004.[16] The troop acts in a ceremonial and public relations role as a recruiting aid for both the MDDF and the Maryland National Guard.[17] Training for Troop A includes mounted cavalry drill, equitation or skill-at-arms on horseback or dismounted drill and ceremony and basic military customs and courtesies.[18] This unit was deactivated, but as of 2023, is in the process of reactivating.

Chaplain Corps

The MDDF Chaplain Corps includes ordained ministers, staff assistants, and chaplain assistants who provide spiritual support for members of the MDDF, the Maryland National Guard, their families, and in times of emergency, civilians.[19] The Chaplain Corps can be called upon to perform religious rites or sacraments when deployed. Chaplains are required be ordained ministers of their faith, in good standing with their church, and must meet secondary education requirements. On top of certification requirements, chaplains must have passed MDDF Basic Training and courses in MDDF-specific Chaplain duties.[20][21]

256th Cyber Defense Unit

The 256th Cyber Defense Unit (CDU) was created in 2010 to supplement the cyber teams of the Maryland National Guard. Its mission statement includes providing support to the Maryland Military Department, improving the security stance of the State of Maryland agencies and being prepared to respond with the Maryland Military Department in case of a cyber emergency. In order to complete this mission, the MDDF Cyber Security Unit regularly trains with the Maryland Army & Air National Guard. In addition, they participate in numerous joint training exercises with members of the Maryland Air National Guard, Maryland Army National Guard and various state agencies.[22]
The 256th CDU consists of five sections: Headquarters, Hunt Operations, Incident Response and Recovery (IRR), Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing (VAPT) & IT Operations

121st Engineer Regiment

The 121st Engineer Regiment acts as a rapid relief engineering unit intended to deploy after an emergency to aid the Maryland Military Department in civil relief efforts.[23] Since 2009, the 121st Engineer Regiment has conducted all of the inspections of state military facilities across Maryland for the Maryland Army National Guard.[24]

Maryland Emergency Engineering Response Team (MEERT)

The Maryland Emergency Engineering Response Team is a unit of graduate engineers, most of whom are licensed professional Maryland engineers, organized to work closely with both the Maryland Army National Guard and the Maryland Emergency Management Agency (MEMA).[23]

Finance Corps

The Finance Corps of the MDDF is composed of licensed financial consultants, advisers, and civilian energy managers. The mission of the Finance Corps is to provide the following:

  • Emergency Financial & Administrative surge capacity support to military and civil authorities during field training exercises and emergency missions.
  • Financial analysis, accounting, management, and forecasting for MDDF assets
  • Practical financial briefs to Maryland National Guardsmen and their families at group program events – Yellow Ribbon, Soldier Readiness, Recruit Sustainment, and Retirement
  • Energy analysis, accounting, management, and forecasting with the Installation Status Report (ISR), a decision support tool for garrison commanders and military facility managers.

Judge Advocate Corps

The Judge Advocate Corps (JAC) of the MDDF is composed of licensed attorneys.[25][26]

10th Medical Regiment

A Maryland National Guardsman and a Maryland State Guardsman teach nursing students proper evacuation procedures at Towson University.

The 10th Medical Regiment is the medical arm of the MDDF and is registered with the Office of the Surgeon General as a Medical Reserve Corps unit. The mission of the regiment is to provide emergency surge capacity support to civil authorities during an emergency.[27] Unlike other MDDF guardsmen, members of the 10th Medical Regiment are allowed to serve in backup status and attend only an annual muster one day per year.[28]

In August 2005, on a purely voluntary basis as state guardsmen cannot be ordered to deploy outside the state of Maryland, members of the 10th Medical Regiment provided medical service to approximately 6,300 Hurricane Katrina victims over an eighteen-day period as a part of Operation Lifeline.[6][29][30] Included in those deployed were civilian medical professionals who, despite a willingness to volunteer in providing medical care for hurricane victims, had no means of deployment into the emergency zone as civilians. These medical volunteers were inducted into the MDDF on the tarmac of Martin State Airport.[31] As members of the MDDF, these volunteers received military transport, worker's compensation eligibility, and liability protection under Maryland law.[6] Over 100 of those sworn in with the purpose of taking part in Operation Lifeline elected to remain members of the MDDF following deployment.[31] Operation Lifeline, with only 250 MDDF volunteers lasted for 18 days and aided 6,300 patients.[8]

In 2006, volunteers from the 10th Medical Regiment deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina alongside the 175th Medical Group of the Air National Guard to provide medical care for locals as a part of a training mission.[8][32]

Pioneer Detachment

The Pioneer Detachment, which was based at Anne Arundel Community College, was a student-run detachment whose members were assigned cyber-security, medical, engineering, and force protection responsibilities.[33]

231st Troop Command

The MDDF Troop Command assigns members and units of the MDDF to work in tandem with the Maryland Army National Guard, Maryland Air National Guard, and Maryland Emergency Management Agency.[34]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Smalkin, Frederic N. (2007). Ready When Called. Ft. Belvoir : Defense Technical Information Center. p. 3.
  2. ↑ "MDDF". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  3. ↑ Wiles, C. E. & Nelson, H. W. (2009). ‘The National Guard for the National Guard:’ State Defense Force medical support for the National Guard” [Guest Editorial] Military Medicine. 174(4), xii.
  4. ↑ Erlandson, Robert A. (October 19, 1996). "Maryland Defense Force under attack". Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  5. ↑ "History of the MDDF". Military Department - Maryland Defense Force. Retrieved 2023-12-19.
  6. 1 2 3 Colgan, LTC Richard; Davis, Maj. Kisha; Barish, Col. Robert A. (2006). "Operation Lifeline: Health Care Professionals from Maryland Respond to Hurricane Katrina" (PDF). Defense Technical Information Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 7, 2021.
  7. ↑ Carafano, James Jay; Brinkerhoff, John R. (October 5, 2005). "Katrina's Forgotten Responders: State Defense Forces Play a Vital Role". www.heritage.org. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
  8. 1 2 3 "The Forgotten Front" (PDF). Maryland Military Department. Fall 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  9. ↑ Hastings, Robert; Henry, Kristine (2007). "Maryland Defense Force Joins National Guard for Major Homeland Security/Terrorist Response Exercise". Ft. Belvoir : Defense Technical Information Center. p. 5. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
  10. ↑ Wiles, C. E. & Nelson, H. W. (2009). ‘The National Guard for the National Guard:’ State Defense Force medical support for the National Guard” [Guest Editorial] Military Medicine. 174(4), xii.
  11. ↑ Conner, Cheryl (7 July 2012). "The Maryland Defense Force delivers water and food to people without power". ABC Baltimore. Archived from the original on 1 January 2015. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  12. ↑ Fischer, Bryan (8 May 2015). "Maryland Defense Force Rallies for Baltimore". Maryland Defense Force Official Website. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  13. ↑ "MARYLAND DEFENSE FORCE BAND TO PERFORM AT THE B AND O RAILROAD MUSEUM". Baltimore Patch. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  14. ↑ "Maryland Defense Force Band". Official Maryland Defense Force Website. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  15. ↑ "Maryland Defense Force Band Flyer" (PDF). Official Maryland Defense Force Website. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  16. ↑ Roberts, Ron (2007). "An Overview of the Employment of Cavalry in History, with an Emphasis on the State Defense Force of the United States of America in the 21st Century" (PDF). Ft. Belvoir : Defense Technical Information Center. p. 11.
  17. ↑ Roberts, Rob. Maryland Defense Force Cavalry Troop A. Ft. Belvoir : Defense Technical Information Center. p. 7. OCLC 402368247.
  18. ↑ "Cavalry Troop A". Official Maryland Defense Force Website. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  19. ↑ Miller, Lori Samlin (14 October 2013). "Chassidic Chaplain in Maryland Promoted to Major". chabad.org. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  20. ↑ "Chaplain Corps". Maryland Defense Force Official Website. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  21. ↑ Wiles, C. E. & Nelson, H. W. (2009). ‘The National Guard for the National Guard:’ State Defense Force medical support for the National Guard” Military Medicine. 174(4), xii.
  22. ↑ Ohlmacher, LTC (MDDF) Jane (30 September 2014). "MDDF Cyber Security Unit Helps Defend Maryland from Attack". Maryland Defense Force Official Website. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  23. 1 2 "Maryland Defense Force 121st Engineer Regiment". Maryland Defense Force Official Website. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  24. ↑ Brian R Kelm; Martin Hershkowitz (2007). "Maryland Defense Force Establishes an Engineer Capability" (PDF). Ft. Belvoir : Defense Technical Information Center. p. 11.
  25. ↑ TOUSIGNANT, KRISTI (6 October 2013). "Volunteer Corps Of Lawyers Helps Service Members". CBS Baltimore. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  26. ↑ "Judge Advocate Corps". Maryland Defense Force Official Website. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  27. ↑ Nelson, H.W. "Expanding Support Roles for 10th Medical Regiment: Pre and Post Health Screenings of National Guard Soldiers and Airmen" (PDF). Ft. Belvoir : Defense Technical Information Center. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
  28. ↑ "10th Medical Regiment". Maryland Defense Force Official Website. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  29. ↑ Hershkowitz, Martin (2006). "Available State Defense Force After Action Reports from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita Deployments" (PDF). Ft. Belvoir : Defense Technical Information Center. p. 6.
  30. ↑ H W Nelson; Robert Barish; Frederic Smalkin; James Doyle; Martin Hershkowitz (2006). "Developing Vibrant State Defense Forces: A Successful Medical and Health Service Model". Ft. Belvoir : Defense Technical Information Center. p. 22. Archived from the original on January 3, 2015.
  31. 1 2 Zuckerman, Jessica; Hershkowitz, Col. Martin; Smalkin, BG Frederick N.; Carafano, James Jay. "Why More States Should Establish State Defense Forces". The Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  32. ↑ Colonel (MD) Martin Hershkowitz and Colonel (MD) H. Wayne Nelson (2007). Maryland Defense Force 10th Medical Regiment: Past, Present and Future. State Defense Force Journal.
  33. ↑ "Anne Arundel Community College Student Run Detachment" (PDF). State Guard Association of the United States. Maryland Defense Force. 25 November 2014. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  34. ↑ "Troop Command". Maryland Defense Force Official Website. Retrieved 18 October 2014.

Further reading

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