National Awakening
Þjóðvaki – Hreyfing Fólksins
LeaderJóhanna Sigurðardóttir
Founded1994
Dissolved2000
Split fromSocial Democratic Party
Merged intoSocial Democratic Alliance
IdeologySocial democracy
Political positionCentre-left
Election symbol
J

National Awakening – People's Movement (Icelandic: Þjóðvaki – Hreyfing Fólksins, ÞPM) was a social-democratic[1][2] political party in Iceland. The party was founded around Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir, future Prime Minister of Iceland.[3]

History

The party was formed in 1994 in preparation for the 1995 parliamentary election; one of the co-founders was Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir after she lost an internal election for the leadership of the Social Democratic Party.[4] She was joined by members of the People's Alliance. In the 1995 parliamentary elections the party won 7.2% of the vote and four seats.[3]

On 2 October 1996 its members of parliament joined the Social Democratic Party to form a unified parliamentary group. For the 1999 parliamentary elections it formed the United Front electoral alliance with the Social Democratic Party and the People's Alliance and the Women's List, winning 30% of the vote and 20 seats.[4][5] In 2000 the parties merged with to form the Social Democratic Alliance.

Electoral results

Election Votes  % Seats +/– Position Government
1995 11,806 7.2
4 / 63
 Increase 4 Increase 5th Opposition

References

  1. ↑ Svanur Kristjánsson (2006). "Iceland: A Parliamentary Democracy with a Semi-presidential Constitution". In Kaare Strøm; Wolfgang C. Müller (eds.). Delegation and Accountability in Parliamentary Democracies. OUP Oxford. p. 402. ISBN 978-0-19-929160-1.
  2. ↑ Bale, Tim (2021). Riding the populist wave: Europe's mainstream right in crisis. Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 35. ISBN 978-1-009-00686-6. OCLC 1256593260.
  3. 1 2 Sverrir Jakobsson; Gudmundur Halfdanarson, eds. (2016). Historical Dictionary of Iceland. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 254. ISBN 978-1-4422-6291-1.
  4. 1 2 Peter Lamb (2015). Historical Dictionary of Socialism. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 219. ISBN 978-1-4422-5827-3.
  5. ↑ Svanur Kristjánsson; Indridi Indridason (2011). "Iceland: Dramatic Shifts". In Torbjörn Bergman; Kaare Strøm (eds.). The Madisonian Turn: Political Parties and Parliamentary Democracy in Nordic Europe. University of Michigan Press. pp. 162, 165. ISBN 978-0-472-11747-5.


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