National Parliament

Parlamentu Nasionál (Tetum)
Parlamento Nacional (Portuguese)
6th National Parliament
Logo
Type
Type
History
Founded20 May 2002
Leadership
President
Maria Fernanda Lay (CNRT)
since 22 June 2023
Vice-Presidents
Maria Teresinha Viegas (CNRT) and Alexandrino Afonso Nunes (PD)
Structure
Seats65 MPs
Political groups
Government (37)
  •   CNRT (31)
  •   PD (6)

Opposition (28)

Length of term
5 years
AuthorityTitle III, Part III, Constitution of East Timor
Elections
Party-list proportional representation
D'Hondt method
Closed list
Last election
21 May 2023
Next election
2028
Meeting place
Parlamento Nacional
Dili, Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
Website
www.parlamento.tl

The National Parliament (Tetum: Parlamentu Nasionál, Portuguese: Parlamento Nacional) is the unicameral national legislature in East Timor. It was created in 2001 as the Constituent Assembly while the country was still administered by the United Nations, but renamed itself to the National Parliament with the attaining of national independence on 20 May 2002.

Structure

National Parliament has 65 members, elected every five years through party-list proportional representation voting. The three main components of concerning parliament in East Timor are the National Parliament, the prime minister, and the president.

President

The president is elected in a separate election from National Parliament, and their role is the head of state. They are able to reject certain legislation, but their role is limited by the Constitution. The current president, as of 20 May 2022, is José Ramos-Horta.

Prime Minister

The president appoints the prime minister, but it is expected that the president will select the leader chosen by the largest party/coalition. Essentially, if no one party is able to form a majority in its own right, then all the members of parliament subsequently elect the head of government. The prime minister carries out the function of the head of government. The current prime minister, as of June 2023, is Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão.

Elections

Elections are held every five years using a party-list proportional representation voting system to elect 65 members to the National Assembly. Voting is voluntary for all East Timorese citizens over the age of 17. There have been five elections for the parliament in East Timor: 2001, 2007, 2012, 2017, and 2018.

Current members

The 5th National Parliament of East Timor currently consists of 65 members elected in the 2018 election. 34 members are from Alliance for Change and Progress (CNRT–PLP–KHUNTO), 23 are from Fretilin, 5 are from the Democratic Party (PD), and 3 are from Democratic Development Forum (PUDD–UDT–FM–PDN). Each of these MPs will serve a 5-year term, which began in June 2018.[1]

List of presidents of the National Parliament

#PortraitNameTook officeEnd officePartyNotes
1Francisco Guterres20 May 200231 July 2007Fretilin[2]
2Fernando de Araújo8 August 200730 July 2012Democratic Party[3]
3Vicente Guterres30 July 20122016CNRT[3]
4Adérito Hugo da Costa20162017CNRT[3]
5Aniceto Guterres Lopes5 September 20172018Fretilin[3]
6Arão Noé da Costa Amaral5 April 20182020CNRT[4]
(5)Aniceto Guterres Lopes19 May 202022 June 2023Fretilin[4]
7Maria Fernanda Lay22 June 2023IncumbentCNRT

Composition of the National Parliament since 2001

Primary vote Seats
Election CNRT Fretilin Democratic Oth. CNRT Fretilin Democratic Oth. Total
2001 – 57.37% 8.72% 33.91% – 55 7 26 88
2007 24.10% 29.02% 11.30% 35.58% 18 21 8 18 65
2012 36.66% 29.87% 10.31% 23.16% 30 25 8 2 65
2017 29.46% 29.66% 9.79% 31.09% 22 23 7 13 65
2018 49.58%[5] 34.16% 8.07% 8.19% 34[5] 23 5 3 65
2023 41.63% 25.75% 9.32% 23.30% 31 19 6 9 65


See also

References

  1. ↑ "IFES Election Guide | Elections: East Timor Parliament 2012". www.electionguide.org.
  2. ↑ "Parlamento Nacional de Timor-Leste | Biografia - FRANCISCO GUTERRES Lu Olo".
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Parlamento Nacional de Timor-Leste | Antigos Presidentes".
  4. 1 2 "Parlamento Nacional de Timor-Leste | Presidente - Biografia".
  5. 1 2 As AMP, in alliance with PLP and KHUNTO.
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