Oracle Linux
Oracle Linux 8
DeveloperOracle Corporation
OS familyLinux (Unix-like)
Working stateCurrent
Source modelOpen source
Initial release4.5 / 26 October 2006 (2006-10-26)
Latest release9.3[1] Edit this on Wikidata[2] / 15 November 2023 (15 November 2023)
Marketing targetEnterprise and Cloud computing
Update methodYUM (PackageKit)[3]
Package managerRPM Package Manager
PlatformsIA-32, x86-64, SPARC, ARM64[4]
Kernel typeMonolithic (Linux)
Default
user interface		GNOME and KDE (user-selectable)
LicenseGNU GPL & various others.
Official websiteoracle.com/linux

Oracle Linux (abbreviated OL, formerly known as Oracle Enterprise Linux or OEL) is a Linux distribution packaged and freely distributed by Oracle, available partially under the GNU General Public License since late 2006.[5] It is compiled from Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) source code, replacing Red Hat branding with Oracle's. It is also used by Oracle Cloud and Oracle Engineered Systems such as Oracle Exadata and others.

Potential users can freely download Oracle Linux through Oracle's server, or from a variety of mirror sites, and can deploy and distribute it without cost.[6] The company's Oracle Linux Support program aims to provide commercial technical support, covering Oracle Linux and existing RHEL or CentOS installations but without any certification from the former (i.e. without re-installation or re-boot[7]).[5] As of 2016 Oracle Linux had over 15,000 customers subscribed to the support program.

RHEL compatibility

Oracle Corporation distributes Oracle Linux with two alternative Linux kernels:

Oracle promotes Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel as having 100% compatibility with RHEL.

Hardware compatibility

Oracle Linux is certified on servers including from IBM,[11] Hewlett-Packard,[12] Dell,[13] Lenovo,[14] and Cisco.[15] In 2010, Force10 announced support for Oracle VM Server for x86 and Oracle Linux.[16] Oracle Linux is also available on Amazon EC2 as an Amazon Machine Image,[17] and on Microsoft Azure as a VM Image.[18]

Oracle/Sun servers with x86-64 processors can be configured to ship with Oracle Linux.[19]

In November 2017, Oracle announced Oracle Linux on the ARM platform with support for the Raspberry Pi 3, Cavium ThunderX and X-Gene 3.

Virtualization support

Under the Oracle Linux Support program, Oracle Linux supports KVM, Xen and OpenStack.[5]

Other Oracle products are only supported under the Xen-based Oracle VM Server for x86.[20]

Deployment inside Oracle Corporation

Oracle Corporation uses Oracle Linux extensively within Oracle Public Cloud, internally to lower IT costs. Oracle Linux is deployed on more than 42,000 servers by Oracle Global IT; the SaaS Oracle On Demand service, Oracle University, and Oracle's technology demo systems also run Oracle Linux.[5]

Software developers at Oracle develop Oracle Database, Fusion Middleware, E-Business Suite and other components of Oracle Applications on Oracle Linux.[5]

Oracle Linux is used as the underlying operating system for the following appliances.[21]

Specific additions

Benchmark submissions

Sun Fire systems

In March 2012, Oracle submitted a TPC-C benchmark result using an x86 Sun Fire server running Oracle Linux and Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel.[26] With 8 Intel Xeon processors running Oracle DB 11 R2, the system was benchmarked at handling over 5.06 million tpmC (New-Order transactions per minute while fulfilling TPC-C[27]). The server was rated at the time as the third-fastest TPC-C non-clustered system and the fastest x86-64 non-clustered system.[28][29]

Oracle also submitted a SPECjEnterprise2010 benchmark record using Oracle Linux and Oracle WebLogic Server, and achieved both a single node and an x86 world record result of 27,150 EjOPS (SPECjEnterprise Operation/second).[30]

Cisco UCS systems

Cisco submitted 2 TPC-C benchmark results that run Oracle Linux with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel R2 on UCS systems.[31][32] The UCS systems rank fourth and eighth on the top TPC-C non-clustered list.[28]

SPARC version

In December 2010, Oracle CEO Larry Ellison, in response to a question on Oracle's Linux strategy, said that at some point in the future Oracle Linux would run on Oracle's SPARC platforms.[33] At Oracle OpenWorld 2014 John Fowler, Oracle's Executive Vice President for Systems, also said that Linux will be able to run on SPARC at some point.[34]

In October 2015, Oracle released a Linux reference platform for SPARC systems based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.[35][36][37]

In September 2016, Oracle released information about an upcoming product, Oracle Exadata SL6-2, a database server using SPARC processors running Linux.[38][39]

On 31 March 2017, Oracle posted the first public release of Oracle Linux for SPARC, installable on SPARC T4, T5, M5, and M7 processors.[40] The release notes state that the release is being made available "for the benefit of developers and partners", but is only supported on Exadata SL6 hardware.[41]

Software updates and version history

In March 2012, Oracle announced free software updates and errata for Oracle Linux on Oracle's public yum repositories.[42] In September 2013, Oracle announced that each month its free public yum servers handle 80 TB of data, and the switch to the Akamai content delivery network to handle the traffic growth.[43]

Release history

  • Oracle Linux 9,[44] 9.1, 9.2
  • Oracle Linux 8, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8
  • Oracle Linux 7, 7.1, 7.2,[45] 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9
  • Oracle Linux 6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7,[46] 6.8, 6.9, 6.10
  • Oracle Linux 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11[47]
  • Oracle Enterprise Linux 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9[48]

Oracle Linux uses a version-naming convention identical to that of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (e.g. the first version, Oracle Linux 4.5, is based on RHEL 4.5). They have slightly different support lifecycles.[49]

Oracle Linux Release Architectures RHEL base Oracle Linux release date RHEL release date Days after RHEL release
4.5 i386, x86-64 4.5 ? 2007-05-01 ?
4.6 4.6 2007-12-10[50] 2007-11-16 24
4.7 4.7 2008-08-05[51] 2008-07-24 12
4.8 4.8 2009-05-26[52] 2009-05-18 8
4.9 4.9 ? 2011-02-16 ?
5.0 5 2007-06-26[53] 2007-03-14 104
5.1 5.1 2007-11-26[54] 2007-11-07 19
5.2 5.2 2008-06-02[55] 2008-05-21 12
5.3 5.3 2009-01-28[56] 2009-01-20 8
5.4 i386, x86-64, ia64 5.4 2009-09-09[57] 2009-09-02 7
5.5 5.5 2010-04-07[58] 2010-03-31
5.6 5.6 2011-01-22[59] 2011-01-13 9
5.7 5.7 2011-08-16[60] 2011-07-21 26
5.8 5.8 2012-03-02[61] 2012-02-21 10
5.9 5.9 2013-01-16[62] 2013-01-07 9
5.10 5.10 2013-10-08[63] 2013-10-01 7
5.11 5.11 2014-09-23[64] 2014-09-16
6.0 i386, x86-64 6 2011-02-11[65] 2010-11-10 93
6.1 6.1 2011-06-01 2011-05-19 13
6.2 6.2 2011-12-15 2011-12-06 9
6.3 6.3 2012-06-28[66] 2012-06-21 7
6.4 6.4 2013-02-28[67] 2013-02-21
6.5 6.5 2013-11-27[68] 2013-11-21 6
6.6 6.6 2014-10-21[69] 2014-10-14 7
6.7 6.7 2015-07-31[70] 2015-07-22 9
SPARC 2017-03-31[40] 618
6.8 i386, x86-64 6.8 2016-05-16[71] 2016-05-10 6
6.9 6.9 2017-03-28[72] 2017-03-21 7
6.10 6.10 2018-07-02[73] 2018-06-19 13
7.0 x86-64 7.0 2014-07-23[74] 2014-06-10 43
7.1 7.1 2015-03-12[75] 2015-03-05 7
7.2 7.2 2015-11-25[76] 2015-11-19 6
7.3 7.3 2016-11-10[77] 2016-11-03 6
7.4 7.4 2017-08-08[78] 2017-07-31 8
7.5 7.5 2018-04-17[79] 2018-04-10 7
7.6 x86-64, ARM64 7.6 2018-11-07[80] 2018-10-30 8
7.7 7.7 2019-08-15[81] 2019-08-06 9
7.8 7.8 2020-04-08[82] 2020-03-31 8
7.9 7.9 2020-10-07[83] 2020-09-29 8
8.0 8.0 2019-07-18[84] 2019-05-07 72
8.1 8.1 2019-11-15[85] 2019-11-05 10
8.2 8.2 2020-05-06[86] 2020-04-28 8
8.3 8.3 2020-11-13[87] 2020-11-03[88] 10
8.4 8.4 2021-05-26[89] 2021-05-18 8
8.5 8.5 2021-11-16[90] 2021-11-09 7
8.6 8.6 2022-05-16[91] 2022-05-10 6
8.7 8.7 2022-11-16[92] 2022-11-09 7
8.8 8.8 2023-05-24[93] 2023-05-16 8
9.0 9.0 2022-06-30[44] 2022-05-17[94] 44
9.1 9.1 2022-11-23[95] 2022-11-15 8
9.2 9.2 2023-05-24[93] 2023-05-10 14

Oracle OpenStack for Oracle Linux

Oracle announced on 24 September 2014 Oracle OpenStack for Oracle Linux distribution which allows users to control Oracle Linux and Oracle VM through OpenStack in production environments. Based on the OpenStack Icehouse release,[96] Oracle OpenStack for Oracle Linux distribution is a cloud management software product that provides an enterprise type solution to deploy and manage the IT environment. The product maintains the flexibility of OpenStack, allowing users to deploy different configurations, and to integrate with different software and hardware vendors. Oracle OpenStack for Oracle Linux is available for free download. There is no licensing cost. It can be downloaded for free from the Oracle web page. Supported OpenStack Services in Version 1 includes Nova, Keystone, Cinder, Glance, Neutron, Horizon and Swift. According to Oracle[97] the support for Oracle OpenStack for Oracle Linux is included as part of Oracle Premier Support for Oracle Linux, Oracle VM, and Systems.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Simon Coter (15 November 2023). "Oracle Linux 9 Update 3 is now generally available, as expected!". Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  2. ↑ "Oracle Linux 9 Update 2". Retrieved 26 May 2023.
  3. ↑ "Oracle Public Yum Server". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  4. ↑ Miller, Avi. "Announcing Oracle Linux 7 for ARM". Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 "Oracle Linux FAQ" (PDF). Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
  6. ↑ "Fast, Modern, Reliable Linux at a Fraction of the Cost of Red Hat". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  7. ↑ "Switching from Red Hat Network to Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN)". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  8. ↑ Bach, Martin (23 January 2014). Expert Consolidation in Oracle Database 12c. SpringerLink : Bücher. Apress (published 2013). p. 139. ISBN 9781430244295. Retrieved 21 April 2014. For a long time, the differences between Red Hat Linux and Oracle Linux were negligible. This was before Oracle released its own branch of the kernel - the so-called Unbreakable Linux Kernel (UEK).
  9. ↑ "Oracle Linux with Oracle's Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel" (PDF).
  10. ↑ "Oracle Linux".
  11. ↑ "IBM System x and BladeCenter solutions - Oracle Linux". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  12. ↑ "HP® Official Site - Laptop Computers, Desktops, Printers, Servers, Services and more". Archived from the original on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  13. ↑ Dell us. "Oracle". Dell. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  14. ↑ "Lenovo ThinkServer Systems Certified for Oracle VM and Oracle Linux". Archived from the original on 31 January 2015. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
  15. ↑ "Solutions". Cisco. 3 December 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  16. ↑ Dell us. "Press Releases". Dell. Archived from the original on 13 November 2012. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  17. ↑ "Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) > Oracle". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
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  19. ↑ "Servers - Sun Servers - Oracle". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
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  21. ↑ PartnerCast: Oracle Linux on YouTube
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  23. ↑ "trying out dtrace (Wim Coekaerts Blog)". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
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  25. ↑ "Spacewalk 2.0 provided to manage Oracle Linux systems (Wim Coekaerts Blog)". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
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  27. ↑ "TPC-C - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  28. 1 2 "TPC-C - Top Ten Performance Results - Non-Clustered". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  29. ↑ "4.8M wasn't enough so we went for 5.055M tpmc with Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel r2 :-) (Wim Coekaerts Blog)". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  30. ↑ "SPECjEnterprise2010 Result: Oracle Weblogic Server Standard Edition Release 12.1.1 on Oracle Sun Fire X4800 M2". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
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  32. ↑ "TPC-C Full Disclosure Report: Cisco UCS C240 M3 Rack Server" (PDF). Transaction Processing Performance Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 January 2014. Retrieved 13 January 2014.
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  34. ↑ "Oracle says Sparc M7 chip will put an end to Heartbleed". The Inquirer. Archived from the original on 3 October 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  35. ↑ "Project: Linux for SPARC - oss.oracle.com". oss.oracle.com. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  36. ↑ "Re: Resurrecting Debian on SPARC". lists.debian.org. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  37. ↑ "'Oracle have been working on Sparc Linux' thread - MARC". marc.info. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
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  39. ↑ Gurmeet Goindi (19 September 2016). "Coming soon #Exadata SL6 SPARC Linux - All benefit of Software in Silicon in a Linux #Exadata platform #oow16". Retrieved 27 November 2016.
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  47. ↑ "Index of /el5/docs". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  48. ↑ "Index of /el4/docs". Retrieved 17 April 2015.
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  62. ↑ "Oracle Linux Release 5 Update 9 for x86 (32 bit) and x86_64 (64 Bit) architectures". 16 January 2013.
  63. ↑ "Oracle Linux Release 5 Update 10 for x86 (32 bit) and x86_64 (64 Bit) architectures". 8 October 2013.
  64. ↑ "Oracle Linux Release 5 Update 11 for x86 (32 bit) and x86_64 (64 Bit) architectures". 23 September 2014.
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  68. ↑ "Oracle Linux Release 6 Update 5 for x86 (32 bit) and x86_64 (64 Bit) architectures". 27 November 2013.
  69. ↑ "Oracle Linux Release 6 Update 6 for x86 (32 bit) and x86_64 (64 Bit) architectures". 27 November 2013.
  70. ↑ "Announcing the general availability of Oracle Linux 6.7".
  71. ↑ "FRIDAY SPOTLIGHT: Oracle Linux 6.8 is now available".
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  73. ↑ "Announcing the release of Oracle Linux 6 Update 10".
  74. ↑ "Oracle Linux 7 Release for x86_64".
  75. ↑ "Announcing General Availability of Oracle Linux 7.1".
  76. ↑ "Announcing General Availability of Oracle Linux 7.2".
  77. ↑ "Oracle Linux 7.3 Available Now".
  78. ↑ "Oracle Linux 7.4 Available Now".
  79. ↑ "Oracle Linux 7.5 Available Now".
  80. ↑ "Announcing the release of Oracle Linux 7 Update 6".
  81. ↑ "Announcing the release of Oracle Linux 7 Update 7".
  82. ↑ "Announcing the release of Oracle Linux 7 Update 8".
  83. ↑ "Announcing the release of Oracle Linux 7 Update 9". Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  84. ↑ "Oracle Linux 8.0 Available Now". Retrieved 25 July 2019.
  85. ↑ "Announcing Oracle Linux 8 Update 1". Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  86. ↑ "Announcing the release of Oracle Linux 8 Update 2". Retrieved 6 May 2020.
  87. ↑ "Announcing the release of Oracle Linux 8 Update 3". Retrieved 13 November 2020.
  88. ↑ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release Dates - Red Hat Customer Portal". Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  89. ↑ "Announcing the release of Oracle Linux 8 Update 4". Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  90. ↑ "Announcing the release of Oracle Linux 8 Update 5". Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  91. ↑ "Announcing the release of Oracle Linux 8 Update 6". Retrieved 19 May 2022.
  92. ↑ "Oracle Linux 8 Update 7 simplifies operations at scale". Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  93. 1 2 "Oracle announces general availability of latest Oracle Linux releases".
  94. ↑ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release Dates". Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  95. ↑ "Oracle Linux 9 Update 1 brings enhanced security and new development tools".
  96. ↑ "Oracle OpenStack for Oracle Linux Release 1.0 (Icehouse)" (PDF).
  97. ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions Oracle OpenStack for Oracle Linux 1.0 (Icehouse)" (PDF).
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